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81.
Jacob Yuichung Chan Annis L. Fung Lawrence H. Gerstein 《Psychology in the schools》2013,50(2):181-192
Research on aggression in the West has focused mainly on the dichotomy between proactive and reactive aggression, but not the co‐occurring proactive–reactive aggression subtype, despite its prevalence. The authors investigated the differences in psychological and behavioral correlates among proactive, reactive, and proactive–reactive student aggressors and nonaggressors in Hong Kong, China, based on their scores on the Reactive and Proactive Aggression Questionnaire. Participants were 1,356 secondary school students (805 males and 551 females, aged 11 to 18 years). A one‐way multivariate analysis of covariance was conducted to examine group differences in aggression, attention deficits, anxiety/depression, and delinquency. Results showed that proactive–reactive aggressors were significantly more aggressive, less attentive, more anxious/depressed, and more engaged in delinquent behaviors. Reactive and proactive aggressors did not differ in three of these four behaviors. Implications for research and practice when working with proactive–reactive aggressors are discussed. 相似文献
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Jacob W. Neumann 《Educational theory》2011,61(5):601-619
Critical pedagogy has often been linked in the literature to faith traditions such as liberation theology, usually with the intent of improving or redirecting it. While recognizing and drawing from those previous linkages, Jacob Neumann goes further in this essay and develops the thesis that critical pedagogy can not just benefit from a connection with faith traditions, but is actually, in and of itself, a practice of faith. In this analysis, he juxtaposes critical pedagogy against three conceptualizations of faith: John Caputo's blurring of the modernist division between faith and reason, Paul Tillich's argument that faith is “ultimate concern,” and Paulo Freire's theology and early Christian influences. Using this three‐pronged approach, Neumann argues that regardless of how it is seen, critical pedagogy manifests as a practice of faith “all the way down.” 相似文献
84.
Marita Jacob 《Higher Education》2011,61(3):277-291
In a recent paper on gender inequality in higher education Buchman and DiPrete (2006) assume that the decrease in the gender
gap in college completion in the US can partly be explained by changes in the allocation of familial resources in favour of
women. However, they do not test this hypothesis empirically. In this paper I examine the effects of sibling sex composition
on the graduation of women in more detail by analysing data from the German Life History Study. I assume that resources are
the key issue to explaining the effects of sibling configuration on educational attainment. Tertiary education is a good case
for testing sex composition effects due to the unequal distribution of resources between and within families, because the
direct costs and opportunity costs of higher education are relatively high compared to those of earlier educational decisions.
Accordingly, I expect that working class daughters are most likely to be disadvantaged if they are raised with brothers. The
empirical results show that in fact, not the presence of a brother as such hinders educational attainment of sisters, but
older brothers have a negative influence on their sisters chances of graduation. In accordance to the hypothesis, this effect
is stronger for university graduation than for graduation at Fachhochschule. For social class differences in sibling effects it turns out that working class daughters are particularly less likely to
graduate compared to service class daughters if there are older brothers in the family. 相似文献
85.
Practitioner‐members of the National Association of School Psychologists (N = 208) completed questionnaires regarding their ethics training, preparedness, the types of ethical transgressions and dilemmas encountered in the previous year, and the strategies used to solve problems. Respondents who received multilevel training in ethics (ethics coursework, ethics instruction in multiple classes, ethics addressed in practicum/internship) perceived themselves to be better prepared to tackle difficult challenges and were more likely to use a systematic problem‐solving strategy when faced with an ethical dilemma than respondents who did not receive multilevel training. Assessment‐related ethical transgressions and failure to follow up on interventions were the two most commonly witnessed types of ethics code violations; troublesome dilemmas included whether to suspect child abuse, whether to tell parents about their child's risky behavior, and how to handle administrative pressure to engage in unethical actions. Implications for ethics training are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Alvin Weinberg’s classic and much debated two articles in Minerva, “Criteria for Scientific Choice” (1963) and “Criteria for Scientific Choice II – The Two Cultures” (1964), represent two of the first and most important attempts to create a meta-discourse about priority setting in science policy, and many of the points advanced remain relevant. The goal of this paper is to elaborate on the relevance of some of Weinberg’s original arguments to priority setting today. We have singled out four issues for attention: The tension between scientific and institutional choice, the assumptions behind the triad of scientific, technological and social merit, the elusive ‘externality from size’ argument for funding promoted by Weinberg, and finally the problems involved in the idea of basic science as an ‘overhead cost’ for applied science, and applied science as an ‘overhead’ on a sectoral mission. These four issues will be elaborated from a policy perspective and connected to present day challenges for science and technology policy. 相似文献
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Jacob E. Barkley Ellen Glickman Curtis Fennell Mallory Kobak Megan Frank Gregory Farnell 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(7):735-740
Low-cost physical activity monitors may provide a more accurate measure of physical activity than subjective methods (e.g., self-report) while being less costly than research-grade accelerometers. The present study assessed the validity of a low-cost monitor (Movband 2) to estimate physical activity behavior/intensity. Participants (N = 23, n = 16 female, BMI = 22.9 ± 4.0 kg/m2, age = 21.9 ± 1.6 years) completed four, five-minute treadmill stages (2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 MPH) while wearing both the Movband and the previously-validated Actigraph monitor. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was recorded during each stage (Laboratory assessment). A subset (n = 15, n = 10 female, BMI = 22.2 ± 3.2 kg/m2, age = 21.5 ± 0.8 years) of these participants then wore the two accelerometers for three days (Free-living assessment). During the Laboratory assessment there were strong, significant (r = 0.94, p ≤ 0.001) relationships between Movband and Actigraph counts and VO2. During Free-living assessment there was also a strong, significant (r = 0.97, p < 0.001) correlation between Movband and Actigraph counts. The low-cost, Movband accelerometer appears to provide a valid assessment of physical activity behavior/intensity. 相似文献