Book reviews     

Gaston Pineau  John Cameron  Helga Pfundt  Nicholas Gillett  Ilse M. Lehner  Bernd Becker  Oskar Anweiler  Dennis L. Buckley  Jon Lauglo  John Bowers 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1979,25(4):551-573

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The PRET A Rapporter framework: Evaluating digital libraries from the perspective of information work     

Ann Blandford  Anne Adams  Simon Attfield  George Buchanan  Jeremy Gow  Stephann Makri  Jon Rimmer  Claire Warwick 《Information processing & management》2008

The strongest tradition of IR systems evaluation has focused on system effectiveness; more recently, there has been a growing interest in evaluation of Interactive IR systems, balancing system and user-oriented evaluation criteria. In this paper we shift the focus to considering how IR systems, and particularly digital libraries, can be evaluated to assess (and improve) their fit with users’ broader work activities. Taking this focus, we answer a different set of evaluation questions that reveal more about the design of interfaces, user–system interactions and how systems may be deployed in the information working context. The planning and conduct of such evaluation studies share some features with the established methods for conducting IR evaluation studies, but come with a shift in emphasis; for example, a greater range of ethical considerations may be pertinent. We present the PRET A Rapporter framework for structuring user-centred evaluation studies and illustrate its application to three evaluation studies of digital library systems.  相似文献   

Reliability of the virtual elevation method to evaluate rolling resistance of different mountain bike cross-country tyres   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Thomas Maier  Beat Müller  Lucas Schmid  Thomas Steiner  Jon Peter Wehrlin 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(2):156-161

Although a low rolling resistance is advantageous in mountain bike cross-country racing, no studies have used the virtual elevation method to compare tyres from different manufacturers as used in international competitions so far. The aims of this study were to assess the reliability of this method, to compare the off-road rolling resistance between tyres and to calculate the influence on off-road speed.

Nine 29-in. mountain bike cross-country tyres were tested on a course representing typical ground surface conditions 5 or 6 times. The coefficient of rolling resistance was estimated with the virtual elevation method by 3 investigators and corresponding off-road speeds were calculated.

The virtual elevation method was highly reliable (typical error = 0.0006, 2.8%; limits of agreement <0.0005, r ≥ 0.98). The mean coefficient of rolling resistance was 0.0219 and differed from 0.0205 to 0.0237 (P < 0.001) between tyres. The calculated differences in off-road speed amounted to 2.9–3.2% (0% slope) and 2.3–2.4% (10% slope) between the slowest and the fastest tyre.

The reliability of the method and the differences in rolling resistance between the tyres illustrate the value of testing tyres for important competitions on a representative ground surface using the virtual elevation method.  相似文献   

The association between COMT rs4680 and 5-HTTLPR genotypes and concussion history in South African rugby union players     

Sarah Mc Fie  Shameemah Abrahams  Jon Patricios  Jason Suter  Michael Posthumus 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(8):920-933

The objective was to investigate the relationship between Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 and serotonin-transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) genotypes with concussion history and personality traits. Rugby players (“all levels”: n = 303), from high schools (“junior”, n = 137), senior amateur, and professional teams (“senior”, n = 166), completed a self-reported concussion history questionnaire, Cloninger’s Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire, and donated a DNA sample. Participants were allocated into control (non-concussed, n = 140), case (all) (previous suspected or diagnosed concussions, n = 163), or case (diagnosed only) (previous diagnosed concussion, n = 140) groups. COMT rs4680 Val/Val genotypes were over-represented in controls in all levels (P = 0.013, OR:2.00, 95% CI:1.15–3.57) and in juniors (P = 0.003, OR:3.57, 95% CI:1.45–9.09). Junior Val/Val participants displayed increased “anticipatory worry” (P = 0.023). The 5-HTTLPR low expressing group was under-represented in controls when all levels were considered (P = 0.032; OR:2.02, 95% CI:1.05–3.90) and in juniors (P = 0.021; OR:3.36, 95% CI:1.16–9.72). Junior 5-HTTLPR low and intermediate expressing groups displayed decreased “harm avoidance” (P = 0.009), “anticipatory worry” (P = 0.041), and “fear of uncertainty” (P < 0.001). This study provides preliminary indications that personality associated genetic variants can influence concussion in rugby.  相似文献   

Differential effects of attentional focus strategies during long-term resistance training     

Brad Jon Schoenfeld  Andrew Vigotsky  Bret Contreras  Sheona Golden  Andrew Alto  Rachel Larson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(5):705-712

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of using an internal versus external focus of attention during resistance training on muscular adaptations. Thirty untrained college-aged men were randomly assigned to an internal focus group (INTERNAL) that focused on contracting the target muscle during training (n?=?15) or an external focus group (EXTERNAL) that focused on the outcome of the lift (n?=?15). Training for both routines consisted of 3 weekly sessions performed on non-consecutive days for 8 weeks. Subjects performed 4 sets of 8–12 repetitions per exercise. Changes in strength were assessed by six repetition maximum in the biceps curl and isometric maximal voluntary contraction in knee extension and elbow flexion. Changes in muscle thickness for the elbow flexors and quadriceps were assessed by ultrasound. Results show significantly greater increases in elbow flexor thickness in INTERNAL versus EXTERNAL (12.4% vs. 6.9%, respectively); similar changes were noted in quadriceps thickness. Isometric elbow flexion strength was greater for INTERNAL while isometric knee extension strength was greater for EXTERNAL, although neither reached statistical significance. The findings lend support to the use of a mind–muscle connection to enhance muscle hypertrophy.  相似文献   

The New Haven Unified School District: A Teaching Quality System for Excellence and Equity     

Jon Snyder 《Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education》2001,15(1):61-81

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Colour-based rigid body tracking using three-dimensional graphics models     

Grant?TrewarthaEmail author  Maurice?R.?YeadonEmail author  Jon?P.?Knight 《Sports Engineering》2003,6(3):139-148

This paper introduces the first stage of a new model-based approach to three-dimensional (3D) human movement tracking. A ‘generate-and-test’ matching procedure was adopted by matching rendered images of a 3D computer graphics model of the human body to target images of rigid body motion. The set of pixels to be compared were just those corresponding to the model of the body in the rendered images. The matching criterion to optimize model position and orientation was based on the minimisation of the RGB (red-green-blue) colour difference between generated model images and associated target images. The method was able to track synthetic image sequences of a half twisting somersault accurately with root-mean-square (rms) errors of less than 5 mm and 0.3∘ for position and orientation estimates respectively. The suitability of the proposed approach for rigid body motion tracking was supported by additional tracking experiments on video image sequences of ‘wooden cross’ trajectories. Comparisons of tracked estimates against manual digitizing estimates returned relatively small rms difference values on both side somersault and twisting somersault movements. The proposed approach has the potential to track video images of a human torso using a rigid body model and hence to track articulated movements by successively adding segments to the model in a hierarchical manner.  相似文献   

Concepts of ‘General Education’ and ‘Vocational Education’ Curricula for Post‐compulsory Schooling in Western Industrialised Countries: when shall the twain meet? [1]     

Jon Lauglo 《比较教育学》1983,19(3):285-304

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A solution: Will an attendance policy keep more students in class?     

William E. McMullin  Jon M. Young 《Assessment Update》1994,6(6):6-7

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“Home” and “not home” in children's stories: Getting there—and being worth it     

Jon C. Stott  Christine Doyle Francis 《Children‘s Literature in Education》1993,24(3):223-233

Jon C. Stott teaches Children's Literature at the University of Alberta and also teaches regularly in elementary schools. Christine Doyle Francis teaches at Central Connecticut University.  相似文献