Slow reacquisition of a conditioned taste aversion     

Julie A. Hart  Mark J. Bourne  Todd R. Schachtman 《Learning & behavior》1995,23(3):297-303

Rats were used to examine the extent to which extinction of an acquired conditioned taste aversion retards subsequent reacquisition. A saccharin-flavored solution (sac) was paired with LiCl and then followed by CS-alone extinction trials with this flavor. A control group received a different flavor, decaffeinated-coffee (coff), during initial conditioning and extinction. Sac was then paired with LiCl for all rats during a second conditioning phase. Reacquisition of the aversion to sac was retarded relative to the acquisition of an aversion to sac by the control group. A similar experiment with fewer extinction trials, but still with complete loss of the initial aversion, did not obtain slow reacquisition. The results are discussed with respect to an interference view of extinction and the slow-reacquisition effect.  相似文献   

Prosocial Behavior and Caring in Adolescence: Relations to Self-Understanding and Social Judgment   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Daniel Hart  Suzanne Fegley 《Child development》1995,66(5):1346-1359

The relation of self-understanding and moral judgment to dedicated prosocial behavior is investigated. Participants were African-American and Latin-American adolescents who had been nominated by community leaders for having demonstrated unusual commitments to care for others or the community ( care exemplars ). The care exemplars, and matched comparison adolescents, were extensively interviewed over the course of 4–6 sessions in order to elicit self-understanding, moral judgment, and implicit personality theories. The care exemplars were more likely than the comparison adolescents to: (1) describe themselves in terms of moral personality traits and goals, (2) view themselves as having closer continuity to their pasts and futures, (3) think of themselves as incorporating their ideals and parental images, and (4) articulate theories of self in which personal beliefs and philosophies are important. There were no differences between the care exemplars and the comparison adolescents in developmental stages of moral judgment nor in the abstractness of their implicit personality theories.  相似文献   

The science-technology-society movement in science education: A critique of the reform process     

E. P. Hart  I. M. Robottom 《科学教学研究杂志》1990,27(6):575-588

Changes in society and in science and technology have forced a rethinking of what is “basic” in science education. A perceived disjuncture between school science and the realities of a scientifically and technologically oriented society has resulted in proposals for new directions in science teaching. It appears that science education is about to undergo another paradigm shift. One particularly visible movement, the “Science-Technology-Society” (STS) movement, exemplifies how such directional shifts tend to occur within the field of science education. This article critically examines the program and professional development process that has characterized past and current science curriculum reform effort in an attempt to illustrate fundamental educational reform problems. The need for new directions in science education is uncontested here. The issue is the problematic nature of the reform process itself. The article contends that new methods of reform must be researched— methods that directly involve practitioners in critical reflection, participatory research, and science curriculum development.  相似文献   

Shannon Mattern: Perspectives on Place—In,For, and With Libraries and Archives     

Katherine Hart Weimer  Paige G. Andrew 《Journal of Map & Geography Libraries》2017,13(3):330-342

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Twenty-five years of International Studies in Sociology of Education: looking ahead     

Caroline Sarojini Hart 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2017,26(1):1-2

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Why Some HOPE Scholarship Recipients Retain the Scholarship and Others Lose It     

Eleanore C. Trant  Katelyn E. Crabtree  Dennis J. Ciancio  Leslie A. Hart  Tiffany B. Watson  Robert L. Williams 《Innovative Higher Education》2015,40(3):201-214

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Psycho‐Sexual: Male Desire in Hitchcock,De Palma,Scorsese, and Friedkin David Greven. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2013.     

Kylo‐Patrick R. Hart 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2013,36(4):390-391

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The outsider's gaze: a learner‐centred approach to language‐teaching materials     

Ian Hart 《Educational Media International》2013,50(3-4):287-292

The Outsider's Gaze is a set of three DVDs for Asian students of Spanish, French and German. The project is an attempt to employ constructivist principles to the development of language learning materials. For students in Hong Kong and China, European languages present problems of relevance and contextualisation: the textbooks and available videos are invariably produced from the point of view of the insider (native speaker) and it is difficult for Asian students to connect the learning experience with their own lives. This article explores the issues involved in creating effective and meaningful learner‐centered materials for language students and contrasts this approach to the more common insider's approach. The three sections of the project are described and analyzed in terms of constructivist criteria.L' » Outsider Gaze » : Une approche centrée sur l'étudiant par des documents d'enseignement des langues. L' »outsider gaze » est un ensemble des 3 DVD pour des étudiants asiatiques en espagnol, français et allemand. Ce projet est un essai pour appliquer les principes constructivites à l'élaboration de documents pour l'enseignement des langues. Pour les étudiants de Hong Kong et de la Chine les langues europénnes posent des problémes de pertinence et de contextualisation : des manuels et des vidéos disponibles sont toujours traduits du point de vue de celui qui est né dans le pays où la langue est parlée et il est difficile pour les étudiants asiatiques de connecter cette expérience d'enseignement avec leurs propres vies. L'article explore les problèmes infligés pour créer des documents efficaces et signifiants centrés sur les étudiants et cette approche est en contraste avec l'approche habituelle de celui qui est né dans le pays où la langue est parlée. Les 3 sections de ce projet sont décrites et analysées en termes de critères constructivistes.Der Blick des Außenseiters: ein anfängerzentrierter Ansatz zu Sprachlehrmaterialien. 'The Outsiders Gaze' ist ein Satz von drei DVDs für asiatische Studenten der Fächer Spanisch, Französisch und Deutsch. Das Projekt ist ein Versuch, konstruktivistische Prinzipien zur Entwicklung von Sprachlernmaterialien zu verwenden. Für Studenten in Hongkong und China bergen europäische Sprachen Probleme der Relevanz und des Kontextes: die Lehrbücher und die verfügbaren Videos werden unverändert immer vom Standpunkt des Insiders (de einheimischen Sprechers) produziert, und es ist für asiatische Studenten schwierig, die mediale Lernsituation mit ihrer eigenen Lebenserfahrung zu verbinden. Dieser Artikel erkundet die Probleme, die mit dem Erschaffen wirksamer und bedeutungsvoller Anfänger zentrierter Materialien für Sprachstudenten verbunden sind und stellt diesen Ansatz dem Ansatz des allgemeinen Insiders gegenüber. Die drei Abschnitte des Projekts werden beschrieben und in konstruktivistischen Kategorien analysiert.  相似文献   

Auditing and Evaluating University–Community Engagement: Lessons from a UK Case Study     

Angie Hart  Simon Northmore 《Higher Education Quarterly》2011,65(1):34-58

The growing importance of community and public engagement activities in universities has led to an increasing emphasis on auditing and evaluating university–community partnerships. However, the development of effective audit and evaluation tools is still at a formative stage. This article presents a case study of the University of Brighton's experience of evaluating such partnerships. Drawing on this experience, a review of the literature and an analysis of published measurement frameworks, the challenges of measuring community and public engagement are discussed and a typology of dimensions for university public engagement presented. A critique of the Brighton case study and the lessons learned provides a basis for clarifying the activities that universities might want to measure and the key questions they need to ask when determining which tools are appropriate.  相似文献   

The juxtaposition of instructor and student perspectives on mathematics courses for elementary teachers     

Lynn C. Hart  Susan Oesterle  Susan L. Swars 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2013,83(3):429-451

This qualitative study examined perspectives of two key stakeholder groups, instructors and students, on mathematics content courses for prospective elementary teachers (Mathematics for Teachers [MFT] courses). A collective case study approach, which drew from the data of two cases in different but comparable settings, contributed to the robustness of the findings. Cross-case analysis of the interview data revealed several convergent themes: the role of affect in student learning, pedagogy and instructor disposition, connections to the elementary classroom, and mathematics content. The findings included both conflicting and complementary perspectives between the two key stakeholder groups. When juxtaposed, the multiple viewpoints offer insights into some of the central issues related to teaching and learning in MFT courses and suggest potential avenues for improving experiences in these courses.  相似文献