Convergent genomic signatures of high-altitude adaptation among domestic mammals     

Dong-Dong Wu  Cui-Ping Yang  Ming-Shan Wang  Kun-Zhe Dong  Da-Wei Yan  Zi-Qian Hao  Song-Qing Fan  Shu-Zhou Chu  Qiu-Shuo Shen  Li-Ping Jiang  Yan Li  Lin Zeng  He-Qun Liu  Hai-Bing Xie  Yun-Fei Ma  Xiao-Yan Kong  Shu-Li Yang  Xin-Xing Dong  Ali Esmailizadeh  David M Irwin  Xiao Xiao  Ming Li  Yang Dong  Wen Wang  Peng Shi  Hai-Peng Li  Yue-Hui Ma  Xiao Gou  Yong-Bin Chen  Ya-Ping Zhang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(6):952

Abundant and diverse domestic mammals living on the Tibetan Plateau provide useful materials for investigating adaptive evolution and genetic convergence. Here, we used 327 genomes from horses, sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and dogs living at both high and low altitudes, including 73 genomes generated for this study, to disentangle the genetic mechanisms underlying local adaptation of domestic mammals. Although molecular convergence is comparatively rare at the DNA sequence level, we found convergent signature of positive selection at the gene level, particularly the EPAS1 gene in these Tibetan domestic mammals. We also reported a potential function in response to hypoxia for the gene C10orf67, which underwent positive selection in three of the domestic mammals. Our data provide an insight into adaptive evolution of high-altitude domestic mammals, and should facilitate the search for additional novel genes involved in the hypoxia response pathway.  相似文献   

我国原创活动新制度的经济学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

陈雅兰  郭伟锋 《科学学与科学技术管理》2006,27(9):60-64

加强自主创新是我国现阶段科技工作的首要任务,健全我国的原创制度已迫在眉睫。从新制度经济学角度,分析了我国原创制度的缺陷和障碍,提出完善原创制度、维护创新主体权益、激励“生产性努力”的相应策略。  相似文献   

Injectable hybrid inorganic nanoscaffold as rapid stem cell assembly template for cartilage repair     

Shenqiang Wang  Letao Yang  Bolei Cai  Fuwei Liu  Yannan Hou  Hua Zheng  Fang Cheng  Hepeng Zhang  Le Wang  Xiaoyi Wang  Qianxin Lv  Liang Kong  Ki-Bum Lee  Qiuyu Zhang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2022,9(4)

Cartilage injuries are often devastating and most cannot be cured because of the intrinsically low regenerative capacity of cartilage tissues. Although stem-cell therapy has shown enormous potential for cartilage repair, the therapeutic outcome has been restricted by low survival rates and poor chondrocyte differentiation in vivo. Here, we report an injectable hybrid inorganic (IHI) nanoscaffold that facilitates fast assembly, enhances survival and regulates chondrogenic differentiation of stem cells. IHI nanoscaffolds that strongly bind to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins assemble stem cells through synergistic 3D cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions, creating a favorable physical microenvironment for stem-cell survival and differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, chondrogenic factors can be loaded into nanoscaffolds with a high capacity, which allows deep, homogenous drug delivery into assembled 3D stem-cell-derived tissues for effective control over the soluble microenvironment of stem cells. The developed IHI nanoscaffolds that assemble with stem cells are injectable. They also scavenge reactive oxygen species and timely biodegrade for proper integration into injured cartilage tissues. Implantation of stem-cell-assembled IHI nanoscaffolds into injured cartilage results in accelerated tissue regeneration and functional recovery. By establishing our IHI nanoscaffold-templated 3D stem-cell assembly method, we provide a promising approach to better overcoming the inhibitory microenvironment associated with cartilage injuries and to advance current stem-cell-based tissue engineering.  相似文献   

区域一体化对城市创新能力驱动研究——基于长三角的实证分析     

孔令丞  柴泽阳  邱丹霞 《科研管理》2022,43(12):34-43

长三角更高质量一体化发展标志着各种资源要素在长三角区域内的配置效率将进一步提升,有利于形成更强的区域创新能力。本文基于2005—2017年长三角城市统计数据,考察了区域一体化对城市创新能力的驱动作用,并对其中的影响机制和异质性进行了深入分析。结果显示：(1)区域一体化对长三角城市创新能力具有显著的促进作用。(2)机制分析发现,一体化伴随的产业集聚并未形成创新能力提升机制,但一体化推动的区域内部产业转移机制有效提升了城市创新能力。(3)异质性分析表明,长三角区域一体化对非核心城市、欠发达城市、低财政分权城市具有更为显著的城市创新能力驱动作用。  相似文献   

Water molecules bonded to the carboxylate groups at the inorganic–organic interface of an inorganic nanocrystal coated with alkanoate ligands     

Jiongzhao Li  Weicheng Cao  Yufei Shu  Haibing Zhang  Xudong Qian  Xueqian Kong  Linjun Wang  Xiaogang Peng 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2022,9(2)

High-quality colloidal nanocrystals are commonly synthesized in hydrocarbon solvents with alkanoates as the most common organic ligand. Water molecules with an approximately equal number of surface alkanoate ligands are identified at the inorganic–organic interface for all types of colloidal nanocrystals studied, and investigated quantitatively using CdSe nanocrystals as the model system. Carboxylate ligands are coordinated to the surface metal ions and the first monolayer of water molecules is found to bond to the carboxylate groups of alkanoate ligands through hydrogen bonds. Additional monolayer(s) of water molecules can further be adsorbed through hydrogen bonds to the first monolayer of water molecules. The nearly ideal environment for hydrogen bonding at the inorganic–organic interface of alkanoate-coated nanocrystals helps to rapidly and stably enrich the interface-bonded water molecules, most of which are difficult to remove through vacuum treatment, thermal annealing and chemical drying. The water-enriched structure of the inorganic–organic interface of high-quality colloidal nanocrystals must be taken into account in order to understand the synthesis, processing and properties of these novel materials.  相似文献   

网络舆论对伊朗突发新闻关注热点分析——以少将遇袭和导弹袭击事件中的微博为基础     

孔明  刘鸣筝 《传媒观察》2021,(1):39-44

本文探究网络舆论对伊朗突发新闻的关注热点,进而透过社交媒体分析网络舆论对国际热点事件的关注倾向.以含有关键词"伊朗少将遇袭"、"伊朗导弹袭击"和"伊朗"的所有微博作为研究数据,基于词频统计和LDA主题模型提取主题,从文本特征角度分析网络舆论对伊朗局势的关注热点.本研究对基于新浪微博数据检索到的文本内容进行分析发现,网络...  相似文献   

集体备课的新探索     

张为锋  张锐 《基础教育研究》2006,(10):18-19

研究表明,有效的集体备课不仅能够提高课堂教学的质量,也有利于教师在分析研讨和集体交流的过程中实现同伴互助,达到提升个人素质的目的。但长期以来,由于过分看重形式,出现了种种不良倾向,制约了集体备课的效果。我们认为,要想提高集体备课的质量,应该转变观念、关注学生、研讨差异、重视提升。  相似文献   

对创建节约型大学的几点思考   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

方耀楣  孔羽 《高等工程教育研究》2006,(4):34-37

建设节约型大学是建设节约型社会的重要组成部分。本文借鉴新公共管理学和新制度经济学理论,针对我国高等教育发展仍未从根本上改变高投入、高消耗、低效率的粗放型增长方式,稀缺高等教育资源一直存在显性和隐性浪费等问题,对创建节约型大学进行了深层次思考;创建节约型大学是高等教育资源优化配置的必然选择;排除教育产权体制性障碍是解决高等教育资源浪费问题的核心;创建节约型大学必须转变观念,为建设节约性社会作贡献。  相似文献   

高职商务英语人才培养模式——以就业为导向、以职业能力为本位的探索与实践   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

吴寒  何宇  项伟锋 《广东轻工职业技术学院学报》2006,5(3):47-50

高等职业教育是一种以职业能力为基础的教育。以就业为导向、以能力为本位的人才培养模式,是高等职业教育改革和发展的主要任务之一。针对高职商务英语人才培养目标,从课程体系设置和职业素质培养等方面阐述高职商务英语人才培养模式的探索与实践经验。  相似文献   

大学生舞獅锦标赛北獅难度动作运用现状及影响因素研究     

邱丽玲  孔孟村  李军 《中华武术(研究)》2020,(3):124-128

本文采用文献资料法、观察法、问卷调查法、数据统计法,对第十一届大学生舞龙舞獅锦标赛中北獅运动员竞赛难度动作完成情况进行分析,探寻影响北獅难度动作完成的因素,发现影响因素有心理因素、技术因素身体素质因素、比赛场地因素、比赛道具因素、天气因素、出场顺序。基于上述问题,本文尝试提出以下措施:在训练中提升难度动作的完成率、加强难度动作的编排合理性、注重心理训练、提前磨合方桌、服装、道具等,以及科学的训练方法。旨在为促进舞獅运动进一步发展提供有效借鉴和参考。  相似文献