Alternative assessment of strategy use with self-report instruments: a discussion     

Marcel V. J. Veenman 《Metacognition and Learning》2011,6(2):205-211

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Upper secondary and first-year university students’ explanations of animal behaviour: to what extent are Tinbergen’s four questions about causation,ontogeny, function and evolution,represented?     

Rianne Pinxten  Mathieu Desclée  Marcel Eens 《International Journal of Science Education》2016,38(14):2303-2325

In 1963, the Nobel Prize-winning ethologist Niko Tinbergen proposed a framework for the scientific study of animal behaviour by outlining four questions that should be answered to have a complete understanding: causation, ontogeny, function and evolution. At present, Tinbergen’s framework is still considered the best way to guide animal behavioural research. Given the importance in science instruction of demonstrating how scientists work and ask questions, we investigated to what extent Tinbergen’s questions are addressed in biology textbooks in secondary education in Flanders, Belgium, and represented in upper-secondary and first-year university students’ explanations of behaviour in general and of specific animal behaviours. Our results revealed that teaching of animal behaviour mainly addresses ontogeny and causation, and that Tinbergen’s framework is not explicitly referred to. Students typically addressed only one or two questions, with the majority addressing causation or both causation and ontogeny when explaining behaviour in general, but function or causation and function when explaining specific animal behaviours. This high prevalence of function may be due to teleological thinking. Evolution was completely neglected, even in university students who had recently completed an evolution course. Our results revealed that transfer of the concepts of ontogeny and evolution was (almost) absent. We argue why Tinbergen’s framework should be an integral part of any biology curriculum.  相似文献   

Introduction: Reflexions on Interdisciplinarity in Adapted Physical Activity     

Janice Causgrove Dunn  Donna Goodwin  Marcel Bouffard 《Quest (Human Kinetics)》2016,68(1):1-3

ABSTRACT

The articles included in this special issue of Quest emerged from a research workshop entitled Thinking About Our Thinking in Adapted Physical Activity, held at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Canada, from June 18–19, 2013. The aim of the workshop was to examine different worldviews that contribute to the adapted physical activity research literature, to identify key disciplinary assumptions, and to outline their consequences for multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary research in the field. A lack of understanding of the basic assumptions held by researchers often impedes communication between the disciplines. Hence, a sub-theme of this special issue is communication across disciplines. These conversations are, of course, essential to interdisciplinary inquiry.  相似文献   

Developmental changes and predictability of static strength in individuals of different maturity: A 30-year longitudinal study     

Jan Taeymans  Peter Clarys  Hassane Abidi  Marcel Hebbelinck  William Duquet 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):833-841

Abstract

This longitudinal study analyses the development and predictability of static strength and their interactions with maturation in youth. Of 515 children followed annually from age 6 to 18 years, 59 males and 60 females were measured again at age 35. Early, average, and late maturity groups were established. Body height and mass were assessed. Static strength was measured using handgrip dynamometry. Pearson correlations were used as tracking coefficients. From 6 to 12 years of age, no static strength differences were found to exist between the maturity groups of both sexes. Static strength is significantly higher in early than in average and late maturing boys (age 13–16). In girls, a dose–response effect exists (age 11–14). Adult static strength predictability is low in early maturing boys and late maturing girls. It is moderate to high (50–76%) in the other maturity groups up to age 14. Predictors for adult static strength are childhood and adolescent handgrip dynamometry (in females only), medicine ball throw, sit-up, hockey ball throw, and 25-m sprint. Handgrip is a fair predictor of adult static strength at most ages in early and average maturing females; in average maturing males, it is a predictor at age 11. Other indicators of strength (e.g. hockey ball throw) are predictors in males.  相似文献   

Cardiorespiratory Responses to Downhill Versus Uphill Running in Endurance Athletes     

Marcel Lemire  Evelyne Lonsdorfer-Wolf  Marie-Eve Isner-Horobeti  Blah Y. L. Kouassi  Bernard Geny  Fabrice Favret 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):511-517

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The Social Embeddedness of Transactions: Evidence from the Residential Real-Estate Industry     

Steve Sawyer  Kevin Crowston  Rolf T. Wigand  Marcel Allbritton 《The Information Society》2003,19(2):135-154

Information and communications technologies (ICT) are becoming pervasive in the residential real-estate industry and their usage is affecting the work lives of real-estate agents. Drawing on data from a regional study of the residential real-estate industry in the United States, we focus on the disintermediation or, more accurately, the reintermediation of real-estate agents in the sales process. Using data collected from interviews, direct observation, and archival records, we examine how real-estate agents are (1) taking advantage of new ICT in their work, and (2) protecting themselves from others wishing to displace their position in the real-estate value chain. Our analysis of this activity draws on two contrasting theoretical perspectives to illuminate the roles of residential real-estate agents: transaction cost and social capital. The results of this study provide insights into the ways in which ICT are used to build and draw on the social relationships that underpin the actual transactions, to help guide the process of buying/selling a house, and to invoke expertise as needed.  相似文献   

Redefining Journalism During the Period of the Mass Press 1880–1920     

John Steel  Marcel Broersma 《Media History》2015,21(3):235-237

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Identifying the value of data analytics in the context of government supervision: Insights from the customs domain     

Boriana Rukanova  Yao-Hua Tan  Micha Slegt  Marcel Molenhuis  Ben van Rijnsoever  Jonathan Migeotte  Mathieu L.M. Labare  Krunoslav Plecko  Bora Caglayan  Gavin Shorten  Otis van der Meij  Suzanne Post 《Government Information Quarterly》2021,38(1):101496

eCommerce, Brexit, new safety and security concerns are only a few examples of the challenges that government organisations, in particular customs administrations, face today when controlling goods crossing borders. To deal with the enormous volumes of trade customs administrations rely more and more on information technology (IT) and risk assessment, and are starting to explore the possibilities that data analytics (DA) can offer to support their supervision tasks. Driven by customs as our empirical domain, we explore the use of DA to support the supervision role of government. Although data analytics is considered to be a technological breakthrough, there is so far only a limited understanding of how governments can translate this potential into actual value and what are barriers and trade-offs that need to be overcome to lead to value realisation. The main question that we explore in this paper is: How to identify the value of DA in a government supervision context, and what are barriers and trade-offs to be considered and overcome in order to realise this value? Building on leading models from the information system (IS) literature, and by using case studies from the customs domain, we developed the Value of Data Analytics in Government Supervision (VDAGS) framework. The framework can help managers and policy-makers to gain a better understanding of the benefits and trade-offs of using DA when developing DA strategies or when embarking on new DA projects. Future research can examine the applicability of the VDAGS framework in other domains of government supervision.  相似文献   

Sustainability science and the university: pitfalls and bridges to interdisciplinarity     

Marcel Bursztyn 《Environmental Education Research》2014,20(3):313-332

Interdisciplinarity plays a major role in the debate about the sustainability of human societies, in general, and about the crisis and the future of the University. If the twentieth century can be identified as an era of specialization in Academia, there is a tendency now to add interdisciplinary spaces to the traditional disciplinary research and training organization. Non-academic research institutions (NARIs) are showing more flexibility than universities to respond to problem-oriented demands. This article analyzes the current prevalence of a rigid disciplinary academic framework and discusses its limitations in the face of complex demands, such as sustainability science (SS) and technology. Examples from the Brazilian graduate programs in SS are presented to describe some institutional pathologies that usually affect the attempts to achieve interdisciplinarity and SS and technology. Among the main conclusions, are the need for more interaction among universities and NARIs and the need to integrate disciplinarity and interdisciplinarity, rather than continue to deal with them as opposites.  相似文献