Students as political actors? Similarities and differences across six European nations     

Rachel Brooks  Achala Gupta  Sazana Jayadeva  Jessica Abrahams  Predrag Lažetić 《British Educational Research Journal》2020,46(6):1193-1209

Drawing on data from students, higher education staff and policymakers from six European countries, this article argues that it remains a relatively common assumption that students should be politically engaged. However, while students articulated a strong interest in a wide range of political issues, those working in higher education and influencing higher education policy tended to believe that students were considerably less politically active than their predecessors. Moreover, while staff and policy influencers typically conceived of political engagement in terms of collective action, articulated through common reference to the absence of a ‘student movement’ or unified student voice, students’ narratives tended not to valorise ‘student movements’ in the same way and many categorised as ‘political’ action they had taken alone and/or with a small number of other students. Alongside these broad commonalities across Europe, the article also evidences some key differences between nation-states, institutions and disciplines. In this way, it contributes to the comparative literature on young people’s political engagement specifically, as well as wider debates about the ways in which higher education students are understood.  相似文献   

藏族传统吉祥八宝图的文化内涵及其象征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

拉都 《康定民族师范高等专科学校学报》2009,18(6):1-6

藏族传统吉祥八宝图,是藏族民间传统美术中最常见而又被赋予深刻内涵和吉祥喜庆喻意的装饰图。因物喻义,物吉图祥,构思巧妙,主题鲜明,趣味盎然,富有浓厚的民间色彩和民族特色,成为反映藏族人民吉祥愿望、追求幸福、风俗习惯、欣赏趣味的一个独特艺术门类,至今为藏族人们所喜闻乐见。本文介绍了藏族传统吉祥八宝图的文化内涵、象征以及审美意义。  相似文献   

Assessment Focus in Studio: What is Most Prominent in Architecture,Art and Design?     

Barbara De La Harpe  J. Fiona Peterson  Noel Frankham  Robert Zehner  Douglas Neale  Elizabeth Musgrave  Ruth McDermott 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2009,28(1):37-51

What can be learned about assessment from what educators in the creative practices focus their studio publications on? What should form the focus of assessment in architecture, art and design studios? In this article we draw on 118 journal articles on studio published over the last decade in three disciplines; architecture, art and design to inform the focus of studio assessment. We believe that what is published by educators themselves in these disciplines reveals what matters most to them. In addition, we argue that regardless of the primary emphasis placed in each discipline, assessment in studio should encompass a broad set of indicators. Within the wider literature including in architecture, art and design, a view of assessment is emerging that recognises the process and the person, beyond a view that positions the product or art/design arte‐fact above all else. Therefore, drawing on what educators in architecture, art and design mentioned most in the journal publications analysed, as well as the literature on good assessment, we offer a holistic model to guide and take studio assessment in the creative disciplines further.  相似文献   

Factors Affecting the Item Parameter Estimation and Classification Accuracy of the DINA Model     

Jimmy De La Torre  Yuan Hong  Weiling Deng 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2010,47(2):227-249

To better understand the statistical properties of the deterministic inputs, noisy “and” gate cognitive diagnosis (DINA) model, the impact of several factors on the quality of the item parameter estimates and classification accuracy was investigated. Results of the simulation study indicate that the fully Bayes approach is most accurate when the prior distribution matches the latent class structure. However, when the latent classes are of indefinite structure, the empirical Bayes method in conjunction with an unstructured prior distribution provides much better estimates and classification accuracy. Moreover, using empirical Bayes with an unstructured prior does not lead to extremely poor results as other prior-estimation method combinations do. The simulation results also show that increasing the sample size reduces the variability, and to some extent the bias, of item parameter estimates, whereas lower level of guessing and slip parameter is associated with higher quality item parameter estimation and classification accuracy.  相似文献   

The effects of accountability on higher education     

Marcelo Rezende 《Economics of Education Review》2010

This paper analyzes the effects of a higher education accountability system in Brazil. For each discipline, colleges were assigned a grade that depended on the scores of their students on the ENC, an annual mandatory exam. These grades were then disclosed to the public and colleges were rewarded or penalized based on them. I find that the ENC had a positive effect on the education and the proportion of full-time faculty and that it increased the number of vacancies offered, applicants and enrollments. Colleges were affected differently depending on grades, ownership and academic organization, changing the distribution of students among them.  相似文献   

如何应对大学生活和压力     

辛迪 《英语沙龙》2010,(5)

对每个刚入校的大学新生来说,在面临从单纯的高中学习生活到丰富但繁杂的大学生活转变的过程中难免会有些许的不适应:虽然自由度大大提升,但是各种想到的和想不到的问题也接踵而来。如何应对这一切?如何在纷繁复杂、丰富多彩的大学生活中成长又不会迷失自我?如何处理大学中可能遇到的各种压力?看完本文,相信你会找到想要的答案。  相似文献   

Dominant edge direction based fast intra mode decision in the H.264/AVC encoder     

Byeongdu La  Minyoung Eom  Yoonsik Choe 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2009,10(6):767-777

The H.264/AVC video coding standard uses an intra prediction mode with 4×4 and 16×16 blocks for luma and 8×8 blocks for chroma. This standard uses the rate distortion optimization （RDO） method to determine the best coding mode based on the compression performance and video quality. This method offers a large improvement in coding efficiency compared to other compression standards, but the computational complexity is greater due to the various intra prediction modes. This paper proposes a fast intra mode decision algorithm for real-time encoding of H.264/AVC based on the dominant edge direction （DED）. The DED is extracted using pixel value summation and subtraction in the horizontal and vertical directions. By using the DED, three modes instead of nine are chosen for RDO calculation to decide on the best mode in the 4×4 luma block. For the 16×16 luma and the 8 × 8 chroma, only two modes are chosen instead of four. Experimental results show that the entire encoding time saving of the proposed algorithm is about 67% compared to the full intra search method with negligible loss of quality.  相似文献   

Participation in sports in childhood and adolescence and physical activity in adulthood: A systematic review     

Mariana Biagi Batista  Catiana Leila Possamai Romanzini  Cynthia Correa Lopes Barbosa  Gabriela Blasquez Shigaki  Marcelo Romanzini  Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(19):2253-2262

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature to verify the association between participation in sports (PS) in childhood and adolescence and physical activity (PA) in adulthood. A systematic search was conducted in the following databases: Medline (PUBMED), Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus, LILACS and SciELO. All steps of the process followed the recommendations of the PRISMA FlowDiagram. After all the steps of the process, 29 articles were included for analysis. In general, only three of the studies analyzed found no relation between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood. However, a positive relationship was found to be weak in only 7% of the studies, a moderate relation in 62% of the studies, and a strong relation in 21%. It was found that higher weekly frequencies of PS; persistence of at least three years of PS and, finally, the highest level of practice and/or competition reached were related to higher levels of PA in adulthood. Thus, it can be concluded that there is a positive association considered moderate to strong between PS in childhood and adolescence and PA in adulthood.  相似文献   

诗词作品审美散论     

喇国玮 《广东技术师范学院学报》2002,(3):60-63

诗歌是最美的语言艺术和文学样式 ,它集美于一体 ,又把美传播给千千万万的读者 ,无论是中国古体诗词 ,还是新诗或外国自由体诗 ,其给予人的审美享受都是相同的 ,是作者内心主观体验情态的美在读者心中的一种复观。要发现美 ,再现美 ,应从以下方面去把握 :诗词美的类型 ,诗词审美的方式。  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of expectancies of efficacy in in-service and prospective teachers   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Manuel J. de la Torre Cruz  Pedro F. Casanova Arias 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2007

This study examines the beliefs about effective teaching in student teachers and inservice teachers. We constructed a measurement composed of an adaptation in Spanish of the Gibson and Dembo's (1984. Teacher efficacy: A construct validation. Journal of Educational Psychology, 76, 569–582). Teacher Efficacy Scale and of the items included in Emmer and Hickman's (1991. Teacher efficacy in classroom management and discipline. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 51, 755–765) “classroom management/discipline efficacy” dimension. A total of 339 participants took part in the study. The factor analysis carried out of the results obtained showed three principal factors: classroom management/discipline efficacy, personal teaching efficacy and general teaching efficacy. Analyses which compared efficacy expectancies showed significant differences in the management and discipline dimension in favour of the group of working teachers, whereas an opposite pattern emerged in the general teaching dimension. In addition, there were differences in the management/discipline dimension in terms of the number of years’ experience in the group of inservice teachers. The interpretation of the results is expressed in terms of the Bandura's perceived self-efficacy theory. We also indicate some implications that the analysis of these expectancies may have for the training and professional development of teachers, and we suggest lines for future research.  相似文献