Word-to-text integration in English as a second language reading comprehension     

Mulder  Evelien  van de Ven  Marco  Segers  Eliane  Krepel  Alexander  de Bree  Elise H.  de Jong  Peter F.  Verhoeven  Ludo 《Reading and writing》2021,34(4):1049-1087

Reading and Writing - We assessed the relationship between word-to-text-integration (WTI) and reading comprehension in 7th grade students (n?=?441) learning English as a second language...  相似文献   

Certainties and mysteries in the within-trial contrast literature: A reply to Zentall (2008)     

Marco Vasconcelos  Peter J. Urcuioli 《Learning & behavior》2008,36(1):23-25

Contrary to Zentall’s (2008) hypothesis that extensive overtraining is required in order to obtain the work ethic effect in pigeons, we find no evidence of this in two separate paradigms designed to assess preference for stimuli encountered after high effort. In light of these findings, along with our previously published results and those of Arantes and Grace (2008), we maintain that the work ethic effect is not a reliable phenomenon in pigeons. On the other hand, we are uncertain about the reason(s) underlying the different preference profiles for high- versus low-deprivation stimuli as a function of successive versus simultaneous discrimination training (Vasconcelos & Urcuioli, 2008). Nevertheless, we disagree with Zentall that additional analyses of the sort he suggests support the conclusion that both training regimens yield within-trial contrast effects.  相似文献   

Music consumption at the dawn of the music industry: the rise of a cultural fad     

Marco Guerzoni  Massimiliano Nuccio 《Journal of Cultural Economics》2014,38(2):145-171

This paper discusses the extent to which sociodemographic characteristics of consumers and their past consumption are less effective in explaining the decision of purchasing a cultural good than the characteristics of the product itself, which allow for imitative behaviors and are at the basis of distinction. While the former approaches are well documented in the literature, the latter refers to Bourdieu’s idea of objectified cultural capital, which has been revisited and empirically explored. Because the various causal effects interact with each other, this paper tests a theoretical model which matches individual characteristics of the consumer with the properties of the cultural product. Specifically, we discussed the emergence of a new version of a cultural good, which is able to broaden the dimension of the market by gaining rapid success in its audience. This diffusion pattern is a quite rare event, but disruptive for the market and extremely profitable for the producer. The authors label this occurrence a disruptive cultural fad and try to understand the determinants of its adoption. The hypotheses of the model are tested on a unique dataset of microdata of purchasing transactions in Milan in the early nineteenth century, when the music by Gioachino Rossini emerged as a disruptive cultural fad at the dawn of the music industry. Results show that key features of a successful disruptive cultural fad are the role of some specific patterns of personal past consumption, the capabilities of generating positive network externalities in the consumption, and, surprisingly, the lack of negative ones due to any possible hip or snob effect.  相似文献   

A procedure for determining the chemical composition of binder and aggregate in ancient mortars: its application to mortars from some medieval buildings in Pisa     

Marco Franzini  Leonardo Leoni  Marco Lezzerini 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2000,1(4):365

The use of a scanning electron microscope equipped with a microanalytical system is proposed for characterising ancient mortars. A calculation procedure is presented that allows a determination of the binder and aggregate compositions (including volatile components) from microprobe data collected on the binder, and chemical, mineralogical, petrographical and physical data collected on the mortar bulk sample. The proposed procedure is applied to 11 mortar samples from three historical monuments built in Pisa throughout the Middle Ages. The binder of the analysed samples consists of a carbonate crystalline fraction and an amorphous carbonate-free fraction that makes up from 20 to 60 % by weight of the binder. The aggregate composition, on average, is close to that of the Arno River sands.  相似文献   

Institutions of Higher Education and the Nationalist State     

Marco Adria 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2000,21(4):575-590

Significant changes in state economic priorities are likely to have a formative and fateful effect on institutions of higher education. Yet economic accounts cannot themselves explain changes in the economic priorities of nationalist states, in part because of the ideological character of such states. The nationalist state's influence on institutions of higher education is often indirect, involving the interactions of social and political actors who are themselves influenced by prevailing social ideologies. Social ideologies contribute to shifts in state economic priorities, and these changes can indirectly but significantly influence the trajectory of institutions of higher education. A longitudinal case study of a Canadian distanceeducation university demonstrates the means by which nationalist sentiment encouraged a shift in state economic priorities, which in turn created a welcoming social climate for a new university's consumerist model of education.  相似文献   

The Representation of Virtual Reality in Education     

Alessandro Antonietti  Chiara Rasi  Ernesto Imperio  Marco Sacco 《Education and Information Technologies》2000,5(4):317-327

Students' opinions about the opportunities and the implications of VR in instruction were investigated by administering a questionnaire to humanities and engineering undergraduates. The questionnaire invited participants to rate a series of statements concerning motivation and emotion, skills, cognitive styles, benefits and learning outcomes associated with the use of VR in education. The representation which emerged was internally consistent and articulated into specific dimensions. It was not affected by gender, by the previous use of VR software, or by the knowledge of the main topics concerning the introduction of IT in instruction. Also the direct participation in a training session based on an immersive VR experience did not influence such a representation, which was partially modulated by the kind of course attended by students.  相似文献   

Protective action against fungal growth of two consolidating products applied to wood     

Marina Clausi  Gino Mirocle Crisci  Mauro Francesco La Russa  Marco Malagodi  Annamaria Palermo  Silvestro Antonio Ruffolo   《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2011,12(1):28-33

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Indirect estimation of injected mortar volume in historical walls using the electrical resistivity tomography     

Nasser Abu Zeid  Marco Balducci  Francesco Bartocci  Roberto Regni  Giovanni Santarato 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(2):220-227

The electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) represents one of the widely used geophysical techniques for the exploration of the subsurface. In the last few years, this method has been demonstrated to be an efficient reconnaissance tool not only for monitoring degradation status of walls and foundations of historical buildings, but also for imaging the spatial distribution of injected mortar, commonly employed for consolidation purposes. A 3D resistivity tomography survey was carried out on four selected wall portions of the historical church of Montepetriolo, Perugia, Central Italy. The obtained 3D resistivity distribution models before and after grouting provided suggestive images of the internal structure of the studied walls. Moreover, the spatial distribution of the zones being filled with mortar was determined quantitatively by scaling the post- to the preinjection resistivity values. Using a well known correlation between resistivity and porosity, established in the geophysical community, a further step towards a more quantitative assessment was attempted to indirectly determine the unit volumes of the injected mortar The obtained results were satisfactory and in some cases almost similar to the yard data. Furthermore, two flat-jack tests confirmed the local increment of the mechanical resistance of the studied left front (2) and right lateral (3) wall portions.  相似文献   

An advanced church heating system favourable to artworks: A contribution to European standardisation     

Dario Camuffo  Emanuela Pagan  Sirkka Rissanen  Łukasz Bratasz  Roman Kozłowski  Marco Camuffo  Antonio della Valle 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(2):205-219

The European project Friendly-Heating (FH): comfortable to people and compatible with conservation of artworks preserved in churches addressed the problems caused by the continuous or intermittent heating of historic churches, which disturbs the microclimatic conditions to which the building and the artworks preserved inside have acclimatised. As thermal comfort and the preservation of artworks often conflict with each other, a balance between the two needs is necessary. The proposed heating strategy is to provide a small amount of heat directly to people in the pew area while leaving the conditions in the church, as a whole, undisturbed. This novel heating system is based on some low-temperature radiant emitters mounted in a pew to provide a desirable distribution of heat to the feet, legs and hands of people occupying it. Due to little heat dispersion, this novel system not only significantly reduces the risk of mechanical stress in wooden artworks and panel or canvas paintings, fresco soiling and cyclic dissolution-recrystallization of soluble salts in the masonry, but is energy-efficient. The detailed environmental monitoring was conducted in the church of Santa Maria Maddalena in Rocca Pietore, Italy over a 3-year period to verify the performance of the novel heating system in comparison to the warm-air system that was active earlier in the church. The methodology and results of this comprehensive and multidisciplinary study were included in three draft standards of the European Committee for Standardisation intended for use in the study and control of environments of cultural heritage objects.  相似文献   

Mechanical properties of adobe walls in a Roman Republican domus at Suasa     

Enrico Quagliarini  Stefano Lenci  Marco Iorio 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2010,11(2):130-137

Adobe is a construction technique that uses raw earth mixed and moulded to form sun-dried blocks to realize a bearing wall. The recent discovery of adobe walls belonging to a Republican domus sited in Suasa (Ancona, Italy) was the starting point of the present work. The research was developed through an experimental approach, in order to characterize the mechanical behavior of this type of walls: firstly some adobe blocks similar to the original ones were reproduced by using the soil directly came from the archaeological site near the adobe walls and adding straw to reduce hygrometric shrinkage and coarse sand, taken from a local quarry, as a stabilizer, as Romans were used to do. Then, after a seasoning period of 4 months, four adobe walls were produced to be tested by compression and shear. From compression tests, maximum strength, first cracking compression stress, Young modulus and breaking manner were evaluated. As well, compression results show a possible two-storey structure of the earthen Republican domus. In fact, it appears that the stress from the two-storey load analysis is lower than the first cracking compression stress. From the shear tests, a proportional law seems to regulate the relation between the maximum value of the mean tangential tensions and the vertical compression the sample is subjected to. This could be the starting point for a future seismic analysis.  相似文献