Corrigendum to “Private-collective innovation,competition, and firms’ counterintuitive appropriation strategies” [RESPOL 42/4 (2013) 895–913]     

Oliver Alexy  Markus Reitzig 《Research Policy》2014

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Theories of Causality: From Antiquity to the Present by John Losee; The Oxford Handbook of Causation by Helen Beebee,Christopher Hitchcock,and Peter Menzies (Eds.)     

Keith A. Markus 《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(4):708-715

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More technology,better learning resources,better learning? Lessons from adopting virtual microscopy in undergraduate medical education     

Laura Helle  Markus Nivala  Pauliina Kronqvist 《Anatomical sciences education》2013,6(2):73-80

The adoption of virtual microscopy at the University of Turku, Finland, created a unique real‐world laboratory for exploring ways of reforming the learning environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the students' reactions and the impact of a set of measures designed to boost an experimental group's understanding of abnormal histology through an emphasis on knowledge of normal cells and tissues. The set of measures included (1) digital resources to review normal structures and an entrance examination for enforcement, (2) digital course slides highlighting normal and abnormal tissues, and (3) self‐diagnostic quizzes. The performance of historical controls was used as a baseline, as previous students had never been exposed to the above‐mentioned measures. The students' understanding of normal histology was assessed in the beginning of the module to determine the impact of the first set of measures, whereas that of abnormal histology was assessed at the end of the module to determine the impact of the whole set of measures. The students' reactions to the instructional measures were assessed by course evaluation data. Additionally, four students were interviewed. Results confirmed that the experimental group significantly outperformed the historical controls in understanding normal histology. The students held favorable opinions on the idea of emphasizing normal structures. However, with regards to abnormal histology, the historical controls outperformed the experimental group. In conclusion, allowing students access to high‐quality digitized materials and boosting prerequisite skills are clearly not sufficient to boost final competence. Instead, the solution may lie in making students externally accountable for their learning throughout their training. Anat Sci Educ 6: 73–80. © 2012 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

Histological knowledge as a predictor of medical students' performance in diagnostic pathology     

Markus Nivala  Erno Lehtinen  Laura Helle  Pauliina Kronqvist  Jorma Paranko  Roger Säljö 《Anatomical sciences education》2013,6(6):361-367

Over the years, the role and extent of the basic sciences in medical curricula have been challenged by research on clinical expertise, clinical teachers, and medical students, as well as by the development and diversification of the medical curricula themselves. The aim of this study was to examine how prior knowledge of basic histology and histopathology among students predicts early learning of diagnostic pathology. Participants (N=118, representing 91% of the full student cohort) were medical students at the University of Turku, Finland. Data were collected during two preclinical courses that students attended in their first and second years of medical school. The measurements included tests on biomedical and clinical knowledge and a performance test in diagnostic pathology. Second‐year performance on the diagnostic pathology examinations was predicted by the students' prior knowledge of histology, but not by the students' prior knowledge of histopathology. Although earlier research has demonstrated similar results in studies with shorter longitudinal designs, the present study demonstrates that the effect remains even if there is a considerably long time delay (a year) between the measurements, thus confirming the long‐term value of basic science studies in the preclinical phase. Anat Sci Educ 6: 361–367. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

Where angels fear to tread: online peer-assessment in a large first-year class     

Markus Mostert 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2013,38(6):674-686

In the context of widening participation, large classes and increased diversity, assessment of student learning is becoming increasingly problematic in that providing formative feedback aimed at developing student writing proves to be particularly laborious. Although the potential value of peer assessment has been well documented in the literature, the associated administrative burden, also in relation to managing anonymity and intellectual ownership, makes this option less attractive, particularly in large classes. A potential solution involves the use of information and communication technologies to automate the logistics associated with peer assessment in a time-efficient way. However, uptake of such systems in the higher education community is limited, and research in this area is only beginning. This case study reports on the use of the Moodle Workshop module for formative peer assessment of students’ individual work in a first-year introductory macro-economics class of over 800 students. Data were collected through an end-of-course evaluation survey of students. The study found that using the feature-rich Workshop module not only addressed many of the practical challenges associated with paper-based peer assessments, but also provided a range of additional options for enhancing validity and reliability of peer assessments that would not be possible with paper-based systems.  相似文献   

    

Dietrich Boles  Cornelia Boles und Markus Schmees 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》2004,18(3-4):165-173

Zusammenfassung. In diesem Artikel werden verschiedene Erlösformen für den Handel mit Web-Content und -Services vorgestellt, bewertet und miteinander verglichen. Ziel des Artikels ist es, auf der einen Seite Anbietern von digitalen Produkten und Dienstleistungen Möglichkeiten aufzuzeigen, wie sie Einnahmen erzielen können, und auf der anderen Seite WWW-Nutzer darauf einzustellen, dass und in welcher Form sie in Zukunft für den Zugriff auf qualitativ hochwertige Web-Inhalte und -Leistungen bezahlen werden müssen.Eingegangen am 18. Juni 2003, Angenommen am 2. Dezember 2003, CR Subject Classification: K.4.4, K.5.1  相似文献   

Sport Clubs in Various European Countries     

Klaus Heinemann  Markus R. Friederici 《Sportwissenschaft》2003,33(3):330-333

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Effects of a training intervention to foster argumentation skills while processing conflicting scientific positions     

Markus H. Hefter  Kirsten Berthold  Alexander Renkl  Werner Riess  Sebastian Schmid  Stefan Fries 《Instructional Science》2014,42(6):929-947

Argumentation skills play a crucial role in science education and in preparing school students to act as informed citizens. While processing conflicting scientific positions regarding topics such as sustainable development in the domain of ecology, argumentation skills such as evaluating arguments or supporting theories with evidence are beneficial for developing deep understanding and well-grounded conclusions. We developed a 50-min training intervention to foster argumentation skills in the domain of ecology on topics related to sustainable development and analyzed its effects in a control-group design: (a) training intervention to foster argumentation skills (n = 41), (b) no such training intervention (n = 42). Results showed that this short-term training intervention successfully fostered three components of argumentation skills (i.e., evaluative knowledge, generative knowledge, and argument quality) and declarative knowledge about argumentation. The positive effect on declarative knowledge was stable 1 week after the training and it was mediated by learning processes during the training intervention: self-explaining the principles of argumentation underlying the video-based examples mediated the effect on declarative knowledge 1 week after the training. In short, the training intervention is an effective instructional method to enhance argumentation skills as well as declarative knowledge about argumentation.  相似文献   

Strategic Management in the Media: Theory to Practice,by Lucy Küng     

Markus Will 《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(1):46-53

Abstract

Management has always been about communications. Business strategy in particular can only work, if implemented. Part of the process is communicating strategy to all company's stakeholders. The more team‐orientated a management style the more communications becomes a key success factor. By the same token, there has never been a management discipline for communications in its own right comparable to all the others that have developed over time: Neither Marketing nor HR nor even Finance were part of the original settings as, for example, laid out by Erich Gutenberg in the 1960s. All these “subs”; were initiated by increasing specialisation of business administration and developed to mature disciplines.

This article will argue for yet another management discipline, communications management. The reasons are mainly twofold: on the one hand there are increasing needs on different types of communications even without the world‐wide web (such as financial communications), which must be integrated in one holistic approach. And on the other hand there are increasing new challenges caused by the digital economy (such as customer related communications), which will have to be integrated in an even advanced holistic management approach. This article will combine both reasons, but mainly focus on the first aspect.  相似文献   

Cognitive and motivational profile shape predicts mathematical skills over and above profile level     

Giselle Reimann  Markus Stoecklin  Kristen Lavallee  Janine Gut  Marie‐Claire Frischknecht  Alexander Grob 《Psychology in the schools》2013,50(1):37-56

The interpretation of subtest profiles from intelligence testing remains popular among many practitioners who use subtest performance to draw diagnostic conclusions, in spite of criticism by some researchers, who point to the low reliability and predictive validity of subtest scores in predicting achievement outcomes. Prior research outlines two approaches to the study of subtest variation: the examination of interindividual variation in specific cognitive domains or subtests as compared to a standard sample, and the examination of intraindividual strengths and weaknesses, regardless of overall level. The present study seeks to add to knowledge in this field with data from 567 children ages 5 to 10 years who exhibit meaningful subtest variation on a new test of intellectual abilities. Results from the present sample point to statistically significant utility, with small to medium effects, of intraindividual cognitive and motivational profile shape over and above profile level in predicting mathematical skills. We discuss implications for school psychological and educational assessment research.  相似文献