Biomechanical mechanisms of jumping performance in youth elite female soccer players     

Nathalie M. J. Jeras  Thamar J. H. Bovend’Eerdt 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(11-12):1335-1341

ABSTRACT

We aimed to determine key biomechanical parameters explaining age-related jumping performance differences in youth elite female soccer players. Multiple biomechanical parameters from countermovement (CMJ) squat (SJ) and drop (DJ) jump testing of elite female soccer players (n = 60) within the same national training centre were analysed across ages 9-11y, 12-14y and 15-19y. Effects of age group and jump type on jump height were found, with the older jumping higher than the younger groups in all jumps (P < 0.05). For DJ, higher reactive strength index was found for older, compared to each younger group (P < 0.001). For CMJ and SJ, peak power was the most decisive characteristic, with significant differences between each group for absolute peak power (P < 0.0001) and body-weight-normalised peak power in CMJ (57 ± 7W/kg, 50 ± 7W/kg, 44.7 ± 5.5W/kg; P < 0.05) and between the older and each younger group in SJ (56.7 ± 7.1W/kg, 48.9 ± 7.1W/kg, 44.6 ± 6W/kg; P < 0.01). Age-related differences in jumping performance in youth elite female soccer players appear to be due to power production during standing jumps and by the ability to jump with shorter ground contact times during reactive jumps.  相似文献   

Contribution of temporal processing skills to reading comprehension in 8-year-olds: evidence for a mediation effect of phonological awareness     

Malenfant N  Grondin S  Boivin M  Forget-Dubois N  Robaey P  Dionne G 《Child development》2012,83(4):1332-1346

This study tested whether the association between temporal processing (TP) and reading is mediated by phonological awareness (PA) in a normative sample of 615 eight-year-olds. TP was measured with auditory and bimodal (visual-auditory) temporal order judgment tasks and PA with a phoneme deletion task. PA partially mediated the association between both auditory and bimodal TP and reading, above nonverbal abilities, vocabulary, and processing speed. PA explained a larger proportion of the association between auditory TP and reading (56% vs. 39% for bimodal TP), and most of the association between bimodal TP and reading was direct. This finding is consistent with a dual-phonological and visual-pathway model of the association between TP and reading in normative reading skills.  相似文献   

Reliability and Validity of the Flemish Physical Activity Computerized Questionnaire in Adults     

Lynn Matton  Katrien Wijndaele  Nathalie Duvigneaud  William Duquet  Renaat Philippaerts  Martine Thomis 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):293-306

The purpose of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Flemish Physical Activity Computerized Questionnaire (FPACQ) in employed/unemployed and retired people. The FPACQ was developed to assess detailed information on several dimensions of physical activity and sedentary behavior over a usual week. A triaxial accelerometer, the RT3 Triaxial Research Tracker (RT3), in combination with a written 7-day activity record, was used as the objective criterion measure. In employed/unemployed people, 2-week test-retest reliability for several activity variables calculated from the FPACQ was good to excellent with intraclass correlations (ICCs) ranging from .67 to .99. In retired people ICCs were lower but, except for time spent eating, still fair to excellent, ranging from .57 to .96. Except for time spent in leisure time activities for men and the average energy expenditure related to sports participation in women, correlations between the RT3 and the FPACQ generally supported the relative validity of the FPACQ for employed/unemployed people (r ranging from .37 to .88). Values for retired people were somewhat lower (r ranging from .15 to .85), but most variables still reached at least moderate correlations. Concerning absolute validity, the FPACQ generally overestimated physical activity and underestimated sedentary behavior compared to the RT3. From this study, it can be concluded that the FPACQ is a reliable and reasonably valid questionnaire for assessing different dimensions of physical activity and sedentary behavior.  相似文献   

Students’ Perception of Risk About Nanotechnology After an SAQ Teaching Strategy     

Laurence Simonneaux  Nathalie Panissal  Emmanuelle Brossais 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(14):2376-2406

We experimented with teaching nanotechnology in high school within the perspective of citizenship education in science by involving experts in nanotechnology, education, ethics and philosophy. After training, the students debated a Socially Acute Question (SAQ) that they elaborated during the various phases of instruction. The field of SAQs represents a French orientation for the teaching of SocioScientific Issues. We analyzed the interactions of students in the debate to determine their risk perception on nanotechnology. We compared and put their arguments into perspective using various analytical frameworks. We observed two contrasting argumentative tendencies: one reflecting a positivist view that involved an individualistic use of nanotechnology and science and one carrying a critical and humanistic vision of the use of nanotechnology and science.  相似文献   

El retraso de origen afectivo: nueva orientación en el enfoque de las deficiencias intelectuales y revisión crítica de la literatura sobre la carencia de cuidados maternos     

Nathalie Loutre 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(15):53-65

RESUMEN

Se puede hablar de retraso mental de origen afectivo cuando no se encuentran determinantes biológicos y hay una evidente situación de privación afectiva precoz. La carencia de cuidados maternos provocada por la situación de separación definitiva de la madre podría determinar su desarrollo cognitivo, al incidir en el aprendizaje en curso y en la organización emocional del niño. Se analiza la naturaleza del vínculo madre-hijo desde las diferentes escuelas. Quedan planteadas algunas cuestiones: la posibilidad de que la separación definitiva madre-hijo conlleve en determinados niños una insuficiencia intelectual; a través de qué mecanismos ésto se produce; y la reversibilidad de este proceso. Las contradicciones entre los resultados obtenidos y las divergencias de opinión entre los especialistas nos muestran la complejidad del tema.  相似文献   

Preschool children’s conversational skills for explaining game rules: communicative guidance strategies as a function of type of relationship and gender     

Christine Sorsana  Nathalie Guizard  Alain Trognon 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2013,28(4):1453-1475

Ten trios of children from 4 to 6 years old were observed in a situation where one child (the expert) who had learned the rules of a game explained these rules to two other children at the same time (the novices): one with whom s/he had a positive relationship and the other with whom her/his relationship was negative. Within this asymmetrical situation created artificially, the children functioned on the basis of a complex tutorial contract. The results indicated that, at these young ages, children are capable to strongly manage three dimensions of the explanatory goal: interactional, ideational (management of the object), and linguistic. However, the errors made by the novices were regulated differently, depending on the type of relationship and gender: the experts in boy trios intervened less frequently when errors were made by the novice with whom the relationship was negative (i.e., the not-friend novice) than with the other novice; conversely, the experts in girl trios intervened less frequently when errors were produced by the novice with whom the relationship was positive (i.e., the friend novice) than with the other novice. An analysis of the communicative strategies observed here highlights early sophisticated pragmatic skills in this interactive assigned design.  相似文献   

Objective Vitality as Moderator of Ethnolinguistic Identity Gratifications     

László Vincze  Nathalie Freynet 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(1):117-123

This article examines the role of subjective and objective determinants of ethnolinguistic identity gratifications among Swedish speakers in Finland (N = 703) and French speakers in Canada (N = 4969). As expected, in both settings, the results demonstrated that ethnolinguistic identity as well as ethnolinguistic vitality significantly predicted the linguistic patterns of TV use; furthermore, a significant interaction between identity and vitality indicated that the effect of identity on TV is greater in areas where objective vitality is higher and the TV access in the given ethnic language is greater. Findings and implications are discussed.  相似文献   

Introduction to Special Issue of the “International Information and Library Review”     

Sue O’neill Johnson  Nathalie Leroy 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(2-3):129-132

  相似文献   

Modalités de prise de décision chez les filles et les garçons en la présence ou en l’absence de l’enseignant     

Makram Zghibi  Hajer Sahli  Mohamed Jabri  Samira Ouelhezi  Noomen Guelmemi  Nathalie Wallian 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》2013,59(6):751-769

How girls and boys take decisions in the presence and absence of a teacher – This work is part of an innovative approach to physical and sports education in Tunisia, and team sports in particular. It uses language studies carried out within the framework of this teaching both to generate a reflective attitude on the part of students, and to identify the effect of gender as a variable in the ways in which they make decisions. Discourse analysis highlights the importance of language output by girls and boys in football teaching when a teacher is present or absent. The teacher is an institutional authority who imposes specific uses of language, and when he/she is absent, emotional tensions predominate and may reflect the repression of ideas that occurs when the teacher is present. Although girls appear to take part in the discussion, their utterances are fewer in number, and their analytical statements less effective than those of boys. Girls never gain the upper hand over boys. The study also suggests a redefinition of social role divisions on the basis of gender – masculinity and femininity.  相似文献   

The Effect of Implicit Stereotypes on the Physical Performance of Older Adults     

Gabriele Moriello  J. James Cotter  Nathalie Shook  Diane Dodd-McCue  E. Ayn Welleford 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(8):599-612

The purpose of this study was to explore how stereotypes affect physical performance in older adults. During Experiment 1, older adults were primed with objects representing aging stereotypes to determine whether these objects can activate stereotypes of aging. Results from the first part of this study provide evidence that certain material objects have implicit meaning and can activate stereotypes of aging. During Experiment 2, 96 community dwelling older adults were randomly assigned to one of three groups: exposure to positive stereotypes of aging (n = 32), exposure to negative stereotypes of aging (n = 32), or a neutral condition (n = 31). Gait speed, standing balance, and lower extremity muscle performance were tested before and after exposure to the objects. Results revealed no significant differences between those exposed to positive stereotypes, negative stereotypes, or the neutral condition. Physical performance was not affected by exposure to objects related to stereotypes of aging. Compared to lab settings where stereotypes are activated on a subliminal level, there may be multiple factors competing for the control of behavior when stereotypes are presented as objects, which may lessen the effect of stereotype activation on behavior.  相似文献