The Theater of Stylized Amateurism     

Philippe R. Perebinossoff 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》1978,1(1):137-144

  相似文献   

Glycated nail proteins as a new biomarker in management of the South Kivu Congolese diabetics     

Philippe B. Katchunga  Patrick N. Mirindi  Antoine S. Kishabongo  Justin C. Cikomola  Socrate Bwanamdogo  Jan Philippé  Marijn M. Speeckaert  Joris R. Delanghe 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2015,25(3):469-473

Introduction

Diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa, based on blood analyses, are hampered by infrastructural and cultural reasons. The first aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of glycated nail proteins for diabetes mellitus. The second aim was to compare the course of short- and long-term glycemic biomarkers after 6 months of antidiabetic treatment. These objectives should support our hypothesis that glycated nail proteins could be used as an alternative glycemic biomarker.

Materials and methods

This case-control study consisted of 163 black diabetics and 67 non-diabetics of the South Kivu (Democratic Republic of Congo). Diagnostic accuracy of glycated nail proteins was evaluated using ROC curve analysis. At the start of the study, glycated nail protein concentrations were compared between diabetics and non-diabetics, using a nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) colorimetric method. In a subgroup of 30 diabetics, concentrations of glycated nail proteins, fasting glucose (Accu-Chek® Aviva), serum fructosamine (NBT) and HbA1c (DCA-2000+®) were measured at start and after 6 months.

Results

ROC analysis yielded an AUC of 0.71 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65-0.76) and a cut-off point of 3.83 μmol/g nail. Concentration of glycated nail proteins was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in diabetics in comparison with non-diabetics. After 6 months of antidiabetic treatment, a significant drop in the fasting glucose concentration (P = 0.017) and concentration of glycated nail proteins (P = 0.008) was observed in contrast to serum fructosamine and HbA1c.

Conclusions

Measurement of glycated nail proteins could be used to diagnose and monitor diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa.Key words: fasting glucose concentration, fructosamine, hemoglobin A1c protein, nails, sub-Saharan Africa, diabetes mellitus  相似文献   

Balance Among Cognitive Control Processes: A Case Study of a Gifted Youth     

Sébastien Urben  Valérie Camos  Stéphanie Habersaat  Lauriane Constanty  Philippe Stéphan 《Roeper Review》2018,40(1):56-61

This case study analyzed the cognitive strategies of Ethan, a gifted youth, when performing a Stop Signal Task assessing cognitive control processes including response inhibition as well as proactive and reactive adjustments of response. In the case of Ethan, the response inhibition score was biased, revealing that Ethan did not follow the instructions but challenged them and was successful in doing this. Specifically, he made important proactive adjustments, by both slowing down and speeding up (i.e., risk taking) his responses according to the likelihood of the apparition of the stop signal (triggering response inhibition). Ethan’s performance indicated that he perfectly understood the procedure behind the task and completed it according to his own comprehension. Ethan’s results showed that researchers and clinicians must be careful when assessing gifted children and adolescents by using tasks that they cannot defeat.  相似文献   

Greater fatigability in knee-flexors vs. knee-extensors after a standardized fatiguing protocol     

Giuseppe Coratella  Sidney Grosprêtre  Philippe Gimenez  Laurent Mourot 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1110-1118

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a standardized fatiguing protocol on central and peripheral fatigue in knee-flexors and knee-extensors. Thirteen healthy men (age: 23?±?3 years; height: 1.78?±?0.09 m; body-mass: 73.6?±?9.2?kg) volunteered for the present study. Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), Electromyography (EMG) activity, voluntary activation level (VAL) as an index of central fatigue and twitch potentiation as an index of peripheral fatigue were measured before and after the fatiguing protocol. The fatiguing protocol consisted of a 0.6 duty-cycle to exhaustion (6?s isometric contraction, 4?s recovery) at 70% MVC. After the fatiguing protocol, MVC decreased in both (Effect-size (ES)?=?1.14) and knee-extensors (ES?=?1.14), and EMG activity increased in both knee-flexors (ES?=?2.33) and knee-extensors (ES?=?1.54). Decreases in VAL occurred in knee-flexors (ES?=?0.92) but not in knee-extensors (ES?=?0.04). Decreases in potentiation occurred in both knee-flexors (ES?=?0.84) and knee-extensors (ES?=?0.58). The greater central occurrence of fatigue in knee-flexors than in knee-extensors may depend on the different muscle morphology and coupled with a greater tolerance to fatigue in knee-extensors. The present data add further insight to the complicated knee-flexors-to-knee-extensors strength relationship and the mechanisms behind the different occurrence of fatigue.  相似文献   

Assessment of the risk and biomechanical consequences of lateral epicondylalgia by estimating wrist and finger muscle capacities in tennis players     

Laurent Vigouroux  Benjamin Goislard de Monsabert  Chris Hayot  Philippe Androuet  Éric Berton 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2017,16(4):434-451

Previous studies suggested that a pronounced weakness of the extensor muscles relative to the flexor muscles could increase the risk of occurrence of lateral epicondylalgia. This study investigates this hypothesis by estimating the ratio of extensor to flexor muscle capacities among healthy non-players (n = 10), healthy tennis players (n = 20), symptomatic players (n = 6), and players who have recovered from lateral epicondylalgia (n = 6). Maximum net joint moments in flexion or extension were measured during seven tasks involving the voluntary contraction of wrist and fingers. Using these data, the muscle capacities of the main muscle groups of the hand (wrist flexors, wrist extensors, finger flexors, finger extensors, and intrinsic muscles) were estimated using a musculoskeletal model. These capacities were then used to compute the extensor/flexor capacity ratios about the wrist and the finger joints. Compared to healthy non-players, healthy players presented higher extensor muscle capacities and greater capacity ratios showing that playing tennis generates specific adaptations of muscle capacities. Interestingly, symptomatic players, similar to those of non-players, showed more imbalanced ratios than healthy players. These results confirm that the ratio of extensor/flexor muscle capacities seems to be associated with lateral epicondylalgia and can be further used to understand its incidence and consequences.  相似文献   

‘White men can’t jump in a black basketball game?’ An exploratory investigation of implicit strategies of outgroup discrimination     

Rodolphe Perchot  Florent Mangin  Marie-Françoise Lacassagne  Philippe Castel 《Sport in Society》2017,20(11):1644-1666

Examining the ‘natural’ athlete myth and utilizing the recent literature on cultural/social factors in athleticism and basketball, this study through survey research examines the influence of stereotypes on the impression formation of basketball players. The primary research question is to determine from a group of students the attitudes of basketball players in terms of how they evaluate white and black players in basketball. The purpose is to identify participants’ perceptions and their appreciation as to whether or not black are superior to white basketball players. The theoretical framework employed is articulated around the theory of social categorization and racial stereotypes already observed in sports. In an initial qualitative phase, the results show that stereotypical representations exert an influence on the skills associated with basketball players depending on the colour of their skin, which is reflected in the use of adjectives specific to each of the categories of black and white. In a second quantitative phase, whereas a more favourable view of black basketball players might have been attributable to positive discrimination as per the anti-racist norm, the results show the activation of a bias towards favouring one’s own group. Once all of the initial adjectives have been expressed, the targets behave in the expected way in terms of the laws of social categorization i.e. they have a more positive view of the members of their own group (the Whites) than of the other group (the Blacks) as adjectives are cited for describing skills.  相似文献