Consolidation of stone blocks prior to placement: A case study of the Roman wall in Tarragona (Spain): Report and methodology     

Lourdes Ventolà  Marius Vendrell-Saz  Pilar Giraldez 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2012,13(4):437-441

The possible pre-consolidation of the stones used to repair the Roman wall of Tarragona was studied, on the premise that this had been carried out prior to placement in the wall. A detailed study of the stones was conducted in order to determine whether they had been treated, and if so, how this had been done. A semi-quantitative X-ray mineralogical analysis using the Rietveld method was performed, together with porosity and textural analyses. This paper concludes with a discussion of how the stones studied here were pre-consolidated using lime slurry.  相似文献   

Faculty Engagement in University–Industry Linkages in Turkey and the United States: National Technocenters versus Ecosystems of Knowledge     

Mendoza  Pilar  Öcal  Secil Dayıoğlu 《Higher Education》2022,84(4):723-740

Higher Education - Most of the literature on innovation has focused on high-income nations with strong neoliberal economies, in which faculty become actors immersed in global markets and ecosystems...  相似文献   

School and teacher performance incentives: The Latin American experience     

Alejandra Mizala  Pilar Romaguera 《International Journal of Educational Development》2004,24(6):513

This paper discusses performance evaluation and the introduction of incentives into education in Latin America from an analytical and methodological perspective. The aim is to describe ongoing strategies and learn from practical experiences in this field. The cases analyzed reveal that school-level evaluations and collective incentives adapt better to the characteristics of the educational process and the potential for teamwork, while individual evaluations pose some difficulties. Several evaluation systems currently in use emphasize educational inputs and, in some cases, mainly compliance with rules and procedures, irrespective of education results (output). If the factors considered in assessing school performance do not correlate well with educational achievement, the incentives vanish. Hence, the importance of emphasizing output and ensuring that if measures are included for inputs and processes, these must line up with educational achievement.  相似文献   

The practice of using evidence in kindergarten: The role of purposeful observation     

Sabela F. Monteira  María Pilar Jimnez‐Aleixandre 《科学教学研究杂志》2016,53(8):1232-1258

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Experimental archaeology and historical empathy: key tools for learning about our origins / Arqueología experimental y empatía histórica: herramientas clave para la didáctica de nuestros orígenes     

M. Pilar López-Castilla  Rodrigo Alonso Alcalde 《Cultura y Educación》2019,31(1):170-187

We propose a learning methodology based on the development of historical empathy through experimentation. Experimental archaeology is an active methodology which provides dynamism and an active role and entertainment for students, as well as provoking historical empathy in them. This combination helps the students get a better understanding of the target knowledge. This paper presents a practical illustration of historical empathy through the implementation of experimental archaeology activities.  相似文献   

How young teachers experience their professional work in Chile     

Beatrice Avalos  Pilar Aylwin 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2007

This paper presents results from a qualitative study of 15 neophyte teachers in Chile who were part of a survey of 242 teachers in two geographical regions of the country. They were studied on the basis of questionnaires, interviews, observations and focus groups, all of which served to examine their teaching contexts and working conditions, how they recalled beginning to teach and its problems, their views about their profession and their work at the time of the study. The findings show interesting variations to those themes identified in the literature such as building of professional identity, their socialisation into schools, the relative weights of initial teacher education and experience, and the lack of support as they begin to teach.  相似文献   

An Approach to Introducing Environmental Education into the Science Methods Course in Teacher Education     

María Pilar Jiménez Aleixandre  Isabel Garcia‐Rodeja Gayoso 《Environmental Education Research》1996,2(1):27-38

This approach attempts to use environmental education as a thread in the science methods course in teacher education for lower secondary level (12‐14) in the University of Santiago de Compostela (Spain). The framework of the approach, which stresses the for’ component of environmental education is discussed and some of the strategies and activities used are presented, for instance production of concept maps on environmental issues and a role‐play about traffic restrictions in the historic city of Santiago. Some of the difficulties that student teachers encounter in translating this approach to the practical level are also discussed.  相似文献   

Teaching evolution and natural selection: a look at textbooks and teachers     

Maria Pilar Jimnez Aleixandre 《科学教学研究杂志》1994,31(5):519-535

As a part of a larger study on the learning of natural selection by secondary school students in Spain, data were gathered about how textbooks deal with this topic, and about the ability of teachers to explore pupils' ideas related to it. These data were contrasted with an approach seeking to develop the pupils' capacity to explain biological change using the model of natural selection. Textbooks were analyzed with respect to the following characteristics: the way key ideas in the model were handled, the attention paid to pupils' ideas, and the type of activities used in the instruction. The study involved evaluating the above factors in a sample of 17 books used in Spain, as well as the approaches that teachers used. Results show that in most cases the approach is characterized by superficial handling of key ideas, lack of attention paid to alternative ideas, and little variety in activities. Relation between this approach and the difficulties that pupils show in the use of the model are discussed herein. Mark what Jacob did When Laban and himself were compromis'd, That all the eanlings which were streak' d and pied, Should fall as Jacob's hire, the ewes, being rank, In end of autumn turned to the rams: and when the work of generation was Between these woolly breeders in the act. The skillful shepherd peel'd me certain wands, and, in the doing of the deed of kind, He stuck them up before the fulsome ewes, Who, then conceiving, did in earning time Fall party-colour''d lambs, and those were Jacob's.  相似文献   

Spanish Secondary School Students' Notions on the Causes and Consequences of Climate Change     

Pilar Punter  Montserrat Ochando‐Pardo 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(3):447-464

This paper is part of an extensive study of secondary school students' preconceived ideas about climate change. Here, we undertake a survey in the province of Valencia (Spain) to ascertain secondary school students' notions of the causes and consequences of climate change. Results show, among other things, that students clearly relate the misuse of motor vehicles and factory emissions to the problem. However, the obvious correlation with household energy use is not observed. The usual confusion with other environmental problems, such as the hole in the ozone layer, as described in previous studies, is also detected. Students know almost no greenhouse gases other than CO₂, while the socio‐economic consequences of climate change are the least perceived.  相似文献   

Acute effects of static and dynamic stretching on hamstrings’ response times     

Francisco Ayala  Mark De Ste Croix  Pilar Sainz de Baranda  Fernando Santonja 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(9):817-825

Abstract

The main purposes of this study were to (a) investigate acute effects of static and dynamic lower limb stretching routines on total response time, pre-motor time and motor time of the medial and lateral hamstrings during maximal eccentric isokinetic knee flexion; and (b) determine whether static and dynamic routines elicit similar responses. A total of 38 active adults completed the following intervention protocols in a randomised order on separate days: (a) non-stretching (control condition), (b) static stretching and (c) dynamic stretching. After the stretching or control intervention, total response time, pre-motor time and motor time of the medial and lateral hamstrings were assessed during eccentric knee flexion movements with participants prone. Measures were compared via a mixed-design factorial ANOVA. There were no main effects for total response time, pre-motor time and motor time. The results suggest that dynamic and static stretching has no influence on hamstrings response times (total response time, pre-motor time and motor time) and hence neither form of stretching reduces this primary risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury.  相似文献