Return to Babel: Emergent Diversity, Digital Resources, and Local Knowledge     

Robin Boast  Michael Bravo  Ramesh Srinivasan 《The Information Society》2007,23(5):395-403

Information system research that recognizes, supports, and enables access of diverse knowledge communities online has become a major concern. Of particular concern is how these digital resources can support and preserve local identities and promote grass-roots involvement in creating the infrastructure of devolved governance. The aim of this article is to expose some of the conceptual obstacles to programs of devolved and local knowledge resources, and to provide an account of agency that recognizes that online communities, and community identity, are essential for eliciting, managing, and sharing local knowledges. Further, this article demonstrates how the implications of these issues impact institutions for managing knowledge that may be extended to all sorts of knowledge communities.  相似文献   

Further studies on elastase-like activity in normal and cataractous lenses     

S. Swaminathan  T. N. Pattabiraman 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1990,5(2):111-116

Ca⁺⁺ was not found to be essential for the activation of the latent elastase in normal lenses. However, the activities increased 70–100% in human, bovine, sheep and goat lenses at a concentration of 5.0×10^?3M of CaCl₂. On the other hand, in cataractous human lenses, Ca⁺⁺ inhibited the process of activation. The activation process however, seems to be a divalent metal ion dependent process since ethylene diamine tetra acetate (2.0×10^?3M) blocked the activation of the elastase-like enzyme in both normal and cataractous lenses. p-Hydroxy mercuribenzoate (10^?4M) and benzamidine (1.65×10^?2M) also blocked the activation process, indicating that a trypsin-like enzyme requiring sulfhydryl groups, is involved in the activation of latent elastase.  相似文献   

A biologically active constituent of withania somnifera (ashwagandha) with antistress activity     

Parvinder Kaur  Sheenu Mathur  Meenakshi Sharma  Manisha Tiwari  K. K. Srivastava  Ramesh Chandra 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(2):195-198

In Ayurvedic medicine,Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is well known for its anti-stress activity. A passive rat experimental model, where the animals are subjected to multiple stress of cold, hypoxia, restraint (C-H-R) has been developed to evaluate adaptogenic properties of various fractions of W. somnifera root extracts. We have carried out extraction of roots of W. somnifera with water and further isolated one of the active constituents called compound X and also tested its anti-stress activity in C-H-R model. The effect of administration of W. somnifera water suspension (360 mg/Kg bw) and compound X (20mg/Kg bw) on the fall and recovery of colonic temperature was noted. There was an increase of ≈38% and ≈54% in the time taken to attain T_rec 23°C by rats given a single dose of fresh aqueous suspension and biologically active constituent (Compound X) respectively, where as decrease in the recovery time to attain T_rec 37°C is ≈13% and ≈33% respectively, as compared to control group. It is clear that rats treated with the fresh aqueous suspension and compound X ofWithania somnifera, could withstand the multiple stress of C-H-R better than control group.  相似文献   

Single cell kinase signaling assay using pinched flow coupled droplet microfluidics     

Ramesh Ramji  Ming Wang  Ali Asgar S. Bhagat  Daniel Tan Shao Weng  Nitish V. Thakor  Chwee Teck Lim  Chia-Hung Chen 《Biomicrofluidics》2014,8(3)

Droplet-based microfluidics has shown potential in high throughput single cell assays by encapsulating individual cells in water-in-oil emulsions. Ordering cells in a micro-channel is necessary to encapsulate individual cells into droplets further enhancing the assay efficiency. This is typically limited due to the difficulty of preparing high-density cell solutions and maintaining them without cell aggregation in long channels (>5 cm). In this study, we developed a short pinched flow channel (5 mm) to separate cell aggregates and to form a uniform cell distribution in a droplet-generating platform that encapsulated single cells with >55% encapsulation efficiency beating Poisson encapsulation statistics. Using this platform and commercially available Sox substrates (8-hydroxy-5-(N,N-dimethylsulfonamido)-2-methylquinoline), we have demonstrated a high throughput dynamic single cell signaling assay to measure the activity of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in lung cancer cells triggered by cell surface ligand binding. The phosphorylation of the substrates resulted in fluorescent emission, showing a sigmoidal increase over a 12 h period. The result exhibited a heterogeneous signaling rate in individual cells and showed various levels of drug resistance when treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, gefitinib.  相似文献   

Infants' Perception of Emotion From Body Movements     

Nicole Zieber  Ashley Kangas  Alyson Hock  Ramesh S. Bhatt 《Child development》2014,85(2):675-684

Adults recognize emotions conveyed by bodies with comparable accuracy to facial emotions. However, no prior study has explored infants' perception of body emotions. In Experiment 1, 6.5‐month‐olds (n = 32) preferred happy over neutral actions of actors with covered faces in upright but not inverted silent videos. In Experiment 2, infants (n = 32) matched happy and angry videos to corresponding vocalizations when the videos were upright but not when they were inverted. Experiment 3 (n = 16) demonstrated that infants' performance in Experiment 2 was not driven by information from the covered face and head. Thus, young infants are sensitive to emotions conveyed by bodies and match them to affective vocalizations, indicating sophisticated emotion processing capabilities early in life.  相似文献   

Language non-selective activation of orthography during spoken word processing in Hindi–English sequential bilinguals: an eye tracking visual world study     

Ramesh Kumar Mishra  Niharika Singh 《Reading and writing》2014,27(1):129-151

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Racial/ethnic differences in Medicaid expenditures on psychotropic medications among maltreated children     

Ramesh Raghavan  Derek S. Brown  Benjamin T. Allaire  Lauren D. Garfield  Raven E. Ross  Lonnie R. Snowden 《Child abuse & neglect》2014

This study quantifies racial/ethnic differences in Medicaid expenditures on psychotropic drugs among a national sample of children with suspected maltreatment. We linked 4,445 child participants in the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being (NSCAW) – consisting of children investigated for suspected abuse and neglect – to their Medicaid claims obtained from 36 states. We used propensity score matching to construct a comparison group of children without known child welfare involvement, and estimated two-part generalized linear models to examine differences in annual psychotropic drug expenditures per child between children of different races/ethnicities. When compared to a matched sample of children, African American and Latino children incur $292 and $144 less expenditures on psychotropic drugs, respectively, than white children. Among NSCAW children alone, African American children display $614 less spending on psychotropic drugs when compared to white children. Racial/ethnic differences in expenditures on psychotropic drugs occur among all children on Medicaid, but the differences are especially pronounced among African American children in contact with the child welfare system. These findings demonstrate that policymakers will need to pay special attention to the needs of children of color as Medicaid expansions proceed nationwide.  相似文献   

Evaluation of Preanalytical Quality Indicators by Six Sigma and Pareto`s Principle     

Sweta Kulkarni  R. Ramesh  A. R. Srinivasan  C. R. Wilma Delphine Silvia 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2018,33(1):102-107

Preanalytical steps are the major sources of error in clinical laboratory. The analytical errors can be corrected by quality control procedures but there is a need for stringent quality checks in preanalytical area as these processes are done outside the laboratory. Sigma value depicts the performance of laboratory and its quality measures. Hence in the present study six sigma and Pareto principle was applied to preanalytical quality indicators to evaluate the clinical biochemistry laboratory performance. This observational study was carried out for a period of 1 year from November 2015–2016. A total of 1,44,208 samples and 54,265 test requisition forms were screened for preanalytical errors like missing patient information, sample collection details in forms and hemolysed, lipemic, inappropriate, insufficient samples and total number of errors were calculated and converted into defects per million and sigma scale. Pareto`s chart was drawn using total number of errors and cumulative percentage. In 75% test requisition forms diagnosis was not mentioned and sigma value of 0.9 was obtained and for other errors like sample receiving time, stat and type of sample sigma values were 2.9, 2.6, and 2.8 respectively. For insufficient sample and improper ratio of blood to anticoagulant sigma value was 4.3. Pareto`s chart depicts out of 80% of errors in requisition forms, 20% is contributed by missing information like diagnosis. The development of quality indicators, application of six sigma and Pareto`s principle are quality measures by which not only preanalytical, the total testing process can be improved.  相似文献   

And still they moved     

Ramesh Chander 《Resonance》1998,3(10):41-48

Geologists find that many large masses of rock have been displaced great distances over surfaces of discontinuity called overthrusts. But how is the anticipated large force of friction along an overthrust overcome?  相似文献   

Lessons learned from an evolving DEI programme within a global publisher     

Sowmya Swaminathan  Jessica Gedamu  Thea Sherer 《Learned Publishing》2023,36(1):81-84

• Diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) is at the core of Springer Nature's mission. Prioritizing DEI helps us become the business we aim to be: one that enables millions of people to access, trust and make sense of the latest insights, to improve and enrich both our lives and the planet.
• We are committed to championing DEI across our content, communities and organization—and also across the whole set of businesses that make up Springer Nature Group—education, health, professional and research.
• Working across our business to harness the varied reach, business capabilities and resources of all our colleagues has been important in this journey, but so too is accountability and the collective efforts of pan-publisher initiatives.
• From editorial guidance to internal mentoring programmes and sustainable development curriculum programmes, our DEI work has been varied and successful, but we have learnt lessons along the way—and still have a way to go. This piece looks at what we have done so far, and our priorities for progress moving forward.

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