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Taylor HG Anselmo M Foreman AL Schatschneider C Angelopoulos J 《Journal of learning disabilities》2000,33(2):200-210
Most existing research on early identification of learning difficulties has examined the validity of methods for predicting future academic problems. The present study focused instead on the sensitivity of kindergarten teachers to learning problems in their students and on the continuity of teacher-identified problems over time. To identify early learning problems, kindergarten teachers in a suburban school district rated student progress toward six academic objectives as satisfactory or unsatisfactory. Twenty percent of the district's 303 kindergarten children received unsatisfactory ratings in at least one area. Thirty-eight of these children (identified group) were matched to 34 children with satisfactory ratings in all areas (nonidentified group). Results of testing conducted during kindergarten revealed poorer academic achievement in identified children than in nonidentified children. Children from the identified group also performed more poorly than children from the nonidentified group on tests of phonological processing and working memory/executive function and were rated by teachers as having more behavior and attention problems and lower social competence. Follow-up of the sample to first grade documented continued learning problems in the identified group. These findings support the use of teacher judgements in early detection of learning problems and argue against reliance on discrepancy criteria. 相似文献
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Laura Teague 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2018,39(1):92-106
Whilst there has been increasing focus on the impact of neoliberal education policy on the curriculum covered in schools, as well as on teacher and student subjectivities, less research has been done on the possibility, or otherwise, for teachers to challenge curriculum constraints. Arguing that these curriculum constraints are not simply imposed by an external censor, this article takes up Judith Butler’s concept of the ‘domain of the sayable’ to theorise what it is possible to imagine teaching in the primary school classroom in the first place. I draw on two different ethnographic data episodes to explore the parameters of the domain of the sayable in the space of the classroom in which I taught, mapping the silences and sudden swerving away from topics that seem to be straying close to what is impossible to say or hear. This process offers new insight into how we might conceptualise teacher resistance and counter politics within the current educational policy milieu in the United Kingdom. 相似文献
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DeFriez CB Morton DA Horwitz DS Eckel CM Foreman KB Albertine KH 《Anatomical sciences education》2011,4(5):285-293
A challenge for new residents and senior residents preparing for board examinations is refreshing their knowledge of basic science disciplines, such as human gross anatomy. The Department of Orthopaedics at the University of Utah School of Medicine has for many years held an annual Orthopedic Resident Anatomy Review Course during the summer months for all of its residents. The primary purpose of the course is to renew competencies in basic science disciplines so that incoming residents more quickly reach a level of functional proficiency and to afford senior residents a platform to teach their junior colleagues. Before 2005, this course was conducted with minimal participation from anyone outside of the Department of Orthopaedics. Many of the residents voiced concerns that the educational benefits were not proportionate to the time invested. To improve the teaching of orthopedic-related anatomy, an educational collaboration between the Departments of Neurobiology and Anatomy and Orthopaedics was established in 2004 and continues to the present time. The major objectives of refining the course pedagogy, developing a Course Manual and Dissection Guide, and evaluating the results by administering a course survey questionnaire are described in this article. Implementation of all facets of the revised course has resulted in better participation by orthopedic faculty and more favorable reviews by the participating residents. Based on current levels of interest and positive comments from course participants, the Anatomy and Orthopedic faculty course directors plan to continue to develop course materials and pedagogy. 相似文献
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Ian Dempsey Phil Foreman 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》1997,44(3):207-216
This paper reports the results of an analysis of trends in the placement of students with intellectual, physical, sensory, or behavioural disabilities in New South Wales for the period 1986 to 1994. Although there was a general trend of movement of students from special schools to support classes, there were some major differences across disability groups. The results are discussed in relation to current special education policy in New South Wales and the philosophy of including students with a disability in regular schools and classes. 相似文献
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Roberta Bramwell Kathleen Foreman 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1993,39(6):561-575
This paper begins with case studies of innovative approaches to the education of Aboriginal Canadian Peoples and Philippine Aboriginal Peoples. These illustrate that, in such situations, where more traditional approaches have little success, the power to design, implement and evaluate educational programs can beneficially be shared between teacher and learner. Learners co-operate with each other in deciding what they need to learn. They examine their own needs and issues and assess their learning in terms of their cultural, economic and community value systems. Leadership is shared with the teacher/facilitators and word, image, number, gesture and sound are all employed to acquire knowledge and to demonstrate what that knowledge means to the group. In this particular enterprise, popular theatre has a major role to play in democratizing the provision of education and in encouraging educational development in circumstances where other approaches have been ineffectual. In the latter part of the paper, a model of education implied by the case studies is constructed and examined to provide alternatives to the traditional views of epistemology, of ethics and of pedagogy based on a notion of democracy as a daily struggle.
Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel beginnt mit Fallstudien über innovative Ansätze zur Bildung kanadischer und philippinischer Einheimischer. Diese Studien belegen, daß dort, wo traditionellere Ansätze wenig Erfolg zeigen, die Aufgaben der Planung, Implementierung und Evaluierung von Bildungsprogrammen zu gegenseitigem Nutzen unter Lehrern und Schülern aufgeteilt werden kann. Die Lernenden arbeiten bei der Entscheidung über ihren Lernbedarf zusammen. Sie bewerten ihre eigenen Bedürfnisse und Ergebnisse, entscheiden über die für sie wichtigen Themenbereiche und schätzen ihre Lernergebnisse in Form eigener kultureller, wirtschaftlicher und gemeinschaftlicher Wertsysteme ein. Schüler, Lehrer und Organisatoren teilen sich die Entscheidung über die Unterrichtsgestaltung; Worte, Bilder, Zahlen, Gesten und Töne werden dazu genutzt, Wissen zu erwerben und die Bedeutung dieser Kenntnisse für die Gruppe aufzuzeigen. Bei diesem speziellen Unternehmen spielt das Volkstheater eine wesentliche Rolle bei der Demokratisierung des Bildungsangebots und für den Anreiz zur Weiterentwicklung der Bildung in Bereichen, in denen andere Ansätze erfolglos blieben. Im Schlußteil wird ein durch die Fallstudien angeregtes Bildungsmodell entworfen und untersucht, um aufgrund täglichen Bemühens um eine Demokratie Alternativen zu traditionellen Ansichten über Epistemologie, Ethik und Pädagogik zu bieten.
Résumé Le présent article commence par des études de cas d'approches novatrices de l'enseignement destiné aux peuples indigènes du Canada et des Philippines. Elles montrent que dans les situations où les approches plus traditionnelles ont moins de succès, le pouvoir de conception, d'exécution et d'évaluation des programmes d'éducation peut être avantageusement partagé entre enseignant et apprenant. Les apprenants coopèrent les uns avec les autres pour définir ce qu'ils doivent apprendre. Ils examinent leurs propres besoins et problèmes et évaluent leur apprentissage en fonction de leurs systèmes de valeurs culturelles, économiques et communautaires. La direction est assurée à la fois par les apprenants l'enseignant et les facilitateurs, et le mot, l'image, le nombre, le geste et le son sont tous mis à contribution pour acquérir les connaissances et pour expliquer ce qu'elles signifient pour le groupe en question. Dans cette entreprise particulière, le théâtre populaire a un rôle majeur à jouer dans la démocratisation de l'offre d'éducation et dans la promotion du développement de l'éducation là où d'autres approches n'ont pas réussi. Dans la dernière partie de l'article, on construit et on examine un modèle d'éducation à partir des études de cas pour offrir des solutions de rechange aux vues traditionnelles de l'épistémologie, de l'éthique et de la pédagogie fondées sur une notion de la démocratie vue en tant que lutte quotidienne.相似文献
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