On the mineral resources of North Carolina     

Fred&#x;k A. Genth 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1872,93(2):114-130

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The American Perception of Japanese Education     

William k. Cummings 《比较教育学》1989,25(3):293-302

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Simulation of Bayes' rule by means of Monte Carlo method          下载免费PDF全文

Mikuláš Gangur  Milan Svoboda 《Teaching Statistics》2018,40(3):83-87

This contribution shows a simple implementation of Monte Carlo simulation method when presenting Bayes' rule. The implementation is carried out in the environment of Microsoft Excel spreadsheets by means of a generator of random numbers. The empiric results gained by simulation serve to confirm the correctness of the chosen procedures in calculations using Bayes' formula.  相似文献   

Fuzzy ILP Classification of web reports after linguistic text mining     

Jan Dědek  Peter Vojtáš  Marta Vomlelová 《Information processing & management》2012

In this paper we study the problem of classification of textual web reports. We are specifically focused on situations in which structured information extracted from the reports is used for classification. We present an experimental classification system based on usage of third party linguistic analyzers, our previous work on web information extraction, and fuzzy inductive logic programming (fuzzy ILP). A detailed study of the so-called ‘Fuzzy ILP Classifier’ is the main contribution of the paper. The study includes formal models, prototype implementation, extensive evaluation experiments and comparison of the classifier with other alternatives like decision trees, support vector machines, neural networks, etc.  相似文献   

Models and Modelling: Routes to More Authentic Science Education   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

John?K.?GilbertEmail author 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2004,2(2):115-130

It is argued that a central role for models and modelling would greatly increase the authenticity of the science curriculum. The range of ontological states available for the notion of model is outlined, together with the modes available for their representation. Issues in the selection of models for and the development of modelling skills within the model-based curriculum are presented. It is suggested that learning within such a curriculum entails: acquiring an acceptable understanding of what a model is and how modelling takes place; having a developed capacity to mentally visualise models; understanding the natures of analogy and of metaphor, processes which are central to models and modelling. The emphases required in teaching for this learning to be supported are discussed. Finally, implications of the model-based curriculum for teacher education are evaluated. It is concluded that a great deal of detailed research and development will be needed if the potential of this change in emphasis within the science curriculum is to be realised.An earlier version of this paper was given at the International Conference on Science and Mathematics Learning held in Taipei, Taiwan, 16 December 2003.  相似文献   

Thinking big in Iowa: collaboration and technology in school library media centers     

Susan?SchroderEmail author 《TechTrends》2003,47(1):25-26

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The effect of dust particles on cellulose degradation     

Benjamin Bartl  Ludmila Mašková  Hana Paulusová  Jiří Smolík  Lenka Bartlová  Petr Vodička 《文物保护研究》2016,61(4):203-208

This study focuses on the changes in properties of cellulose-based paper, which can take place as a consequence of its contamination by dust particles. The PM1 (fine) and PM10 (coarse) fractions of the dust particles from archival repositories were collected on cellulose filters Whatman 41, polytetrafluorethylene, and quartz filters. The latter two types of samples were subsequently analyzed gravimetrically, with ion chromatography, PIXE, and the thermal–optical transmission method, giving mass, ionic, elemental carbon, and organic carbon concentrations. After artificial aging, the viscosity-average degree of polymerization of cellulose (DP_v) was measured. It was confirmed that cellulose-based paper can undergo substantial changes when contaminated by dust particles and artificially aged. The decrease of the DP_v of cellulose showed a negative correlation with the deposited mass of sulfate ions in the dust particles. Considering the particle size fraction, the results suggest the decisive importance of the fine (PM1) particles. The results provide better understanding of how particulate matter contributes to the chemical degradation of cellulose-based paper. Such knowledge is of importance when considering appropriate conservation measures in archives, libraries, and galleries.  相似文献   

The influence of sitting posture on mechanics and metabolic energy requirements during sit-skiing: a case report     

K. B. Hofmann  M. L. Ohlsson  M. Höök  J. Danvind  Uwe G. Kersting 《Sports Engineering》2016,19(3):213-218

Several different sitting postures are used in Paralympic cross-country sit-skiing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sitting posture on physiological and mechanical variables during steady-state double-poling sit-skiing, as well as to determine how seat design can be improved for athletes without sufficient trunk control. Employing a novel, custom-designed seat, three trunk positions were tested while performing double-poling with submaximal oxygen consumption on an ergometer. Cycle kinematics, pole forces, and oxygen consumption were monitored. The athlete performed best, with longer cycle length and less pronounced metabolic responses, when kneeling with the trunk resting on a frontal support. For this case, a forward leaning trunk with knees below the hip joint was interpreted as most optimal, as it showed lower oxygen consumption and related parameters of performance during cross-country sit-skiing. Further investigations should examine whether such improvement is dependent on the level of the athlete’s handicap, as well as whether it is also seen on snow.  相似文献   

Cognitive support embedded in self-regulated e-learning systems for students with special learning needs     

K.?ChatzaraEmail author  C.?Karagiannidis  D.?Stamatis 《Education and Information Technologies》2016,21(2):283-299

This paper presents an anthropocentric approach in human – machine interaction in the area of self-regulated e-learning. In an attempt to enhance communication mediated through computers for pedagogical use we propose the incorporation of an intelligent emotional agent that is represented by a synthetic character with multimedia capabilities, modelled to imitate human behaviour. The agent is aiming to provide cognitive support to users with learning difficulties and attention disorders and is designed to accommodate self regulated learning elements. We review the basic principles of self regulated learning which, in turn, act as a basis for designing and implementing our system. Kolb’s learning cycle is used to provide a framework upon which agents’ pedagogical behaviour is constructed. A study between 24 students from higher education with learning difficulties and attention disorders is presented. The learning particularities of this special group that contradict with the principles of self regulated learning are reported. The study refers to students in higher education, in the domain of information technology. The analysis of results indicates that emotional agents improve communication between users of the particular learning group and learning environments by providing cognitive support through behavioural communication, compared to agents with neutral behaviour.  相似文献   

Research on mathematics teachers as partners in task design     

Keith?JonesEmail author  Birgit?PepinEmail author 《Journal of Mathematics Teacher Education》2016,19(2-3):105-121

Mathematical tasks and tools, including tasks in the form of digital tools, are key resources in mathematics teaching and in mathematics teacher education. Even so, the ‘design’ of mathematical tasks is perceived in different ways: sometimes seen as something distinct from the teaching and learning process, and sometimes as integral to it. Whilst task design has often been carried out by designers or mathematicians (perhaps as textbook authors), the focus for this review article is research that has involved mathematics teachers as partners in the design of tasks. The article provides a state-of-the-art review of relevant literature and is presented under three headings that consider, in turn, the role of mathematical ‘tasks’; the nature of ‘task design’; and the notion of ‘partnerships for task design’ in mathematics education. Subsequently, we present current research that is providing new insights into tasks, task design, and task design partnership. Based on this, we argue that ‘task design’ needs to pay particular attention to what to design, which tools are necessary or beneficial, and under what conditions; digital tools and task resources offer particular affordances that traditional resources cannot provide; and not only do teachers benefit from being partners in task design (in terms of their professional learning) but without their involvement some aspects of task design would most likely be neglected.  相似文献