Incentives affecting behavior changes in the retarded     

J Rapp  E A Lemke  J Landis 《Exceptional children》1971,38(3):229-232

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Book reviews     

Walter Hahn  Helmut Skowronek  H. J. Butcher  Hans-Martin Müller-Wolf  J. C. Cairns  Michael Angermaier  Maureen Woodhall  Ha Wun Sung  Oskar Anweiler  John A. Smyth  Gilbert de Landsheere  Gaby Venstermans  Erika Voigt  Anza Amen Lema  David Wolsk  Robert O. Berdahl 《International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue internationale l'éducation》1974,20(1):83-107

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International Medical Documentation     

Seidell A 《Bulletin of the Medical Library Association》1946,34(4):330-332

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Infant visual acuity as a function of viewing distance.     

P Salapatek  A G Bechtold  E W Bushnell 《Child development》1976,47(3):860-863

Dynamic retinoscopy has suggested that near vision may be more acute than far vision during early infancy. To test this, acuity thresholds were determined by presenting square wave gratings in a preference paradigm to 1- and 2-month-old human infants at 4 viewing distances. Gratings were paired with unpatterned fields; direction of first fixation was the dependent measure. Infants exhibited the same acuity at each of the distances at which gratings were presented. The results were interpreted as compatible with the fact that considerable optical defocusing does not seriously affect a visual system, such as the infant's, that is sensitive only to low spatial frequencies.  相似文献   

CAI course in the early identification of handicapped children     

C A Cartwright  G P Cartwright  G G Robine 《Exceptional children》1972,38(6):453-459

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Validation of an integrated experimental set-up for kinetic and kinematic three-dimensional analyses in a training environment     

Boisnoir A  Decker L  Reine B  Natta F 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2007,6(2):215-223

Biomechanical analyses using synchronized tools [electromyography (EMG), motion capture, force sensors, force platform, and digital camera] are classically performed in a laboratory environment that could influence the performance. We present a system for studying the running sprint start that synchronizes motion capture, EMG, and ground reaction force data. To maximize motion capture (Vicon 612 with six cameras), a special dim environment was created in the stadium. "Classical" tools were combined with "purpose-built" tools intended to analyse the different aspects of movement. For example, a synchronization system was built to create a common time-base for all data recordings and a portable EMG system was synchronized by a cable that was "disconnected" by the athlete's movement out of the blocks. This disconnection represented an independent event recorded by different tools. A "gap" was measured for some sprint start events between kinetic and kinematic (motion capture) data. Calibration results, measurements of time "gap", and duration of the independent event were used to validate the accuracy of motion capture and the synchronization system. The results validate the entire experimental set-up and suggest adjustment values for motion capture data. This environment can be used to study other movements and can easily be applied to several sports.  相似文献   

Trial-by-trial analysis or averaging: implications for electromyographic models of rapid limb control     

Sherwood DE  Enebo BA 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2007,78(4):307-317

The control of human limb movement has been the focus of research for more than a century. A major issue to emerge from this work is the manner in which the central nervous system regulates electromyographic (EMG) activity to produce movements that differ in distance, velocity, and movement time. However the different methods of analysis often used to analyze EMG data could result in different kinematic-EMG relationships. In this study, participants performed an elbow flexion task to one of five distance goals (between 5 degrees and 50 degrees) using three movement speeds. EMG data from the right elbow flexors were compared using a trial-by-trial analysis and one based on averaged data. Averaging across trials underestimated biceps EMG amplitude at all movement distances and speeds compared to a trial-by-trial analysis. Averaging overestimated EMG burst duration compared to the trial-by-trial analysis. Peak agonist EMG amplitude was positively related to distance and inversely related to movement time. Agonist EMG duration was constant for movement distances less than 30 degrees but increased in the 50 degrees condition. The results support the view that peak EMG amplitude and duration can be controlled independently, but EMG duration changes only for longer distance movements when additional force is required.  相似文献   

“The Fishes and the Poet's Hands”: Frank Yerby,A Black Author in White America     

Bruce A. Glasrud  Laurie Champion 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2000,23(4):15-21

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Happiness     

A. D. M. WALKER 《Philosophical Books》1990,31(1):42-43

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A primer on due process: education decisions for handicapped children.     

A Abeson  N Bolick  J Hass 《Exceptional children》1975,42(2):68-74

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