A GLOBE Collaboration to Develop Land Cover Data Collection and Analysis Protocols     

Becker  Mimi Larsen  Congalton  Russell G.  Budd  Rebecca  Fried  Alan 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1998,7(1):85-96

Global Learning and Observations to Benefit the Environment (GLOBE) is an international environmental education and science partnership which coordinates the work of students (aged 5 to 18), teachers and scientists from 48 countries on five continents to study and better understand the global environment. Accurate ground reference data is fundamental to the use of remotely sensed data for land cover classification and mapping. Because very little ground reference data has been collected, the accuracy of many land cover maps may be questioned, thus accurate land cover ground reference data is an important need that could be addressed through GLOBE scientist-student collaboration. If earth systems scientists are to use student data, it is important that those data be as accurate as possible to ensure reliability of research results. Thus a key question for this research is whether student collected data are accurate enough to support rigorous scientific investigations. This paper describes results of the GLOBE Science-Education Team on Data Validation and Accuracy Assessment's collaboration with teachers and students to: (1) design and test the pre-protocol learning activities; (2) test the protocols intended to guide the collection and analysis of data; and (3) implement the learning activities and protocols to determine the relative accuracy of student collected versus professionally collected land cover data. To ensure the most accurate classification of land cover possible, a new international hierarchical land cover classification system, the Modified Unesco Classification (MUC) system was developed. GLOBE Data Collection Protocols and methods were designed and implemented to test the accuracy of student collected reference data were designed and implemented. Students who collected land cover reference data using GLOBE protocols, obtained data which are at least as accurate as that collected by professionals.  相似文献   

Compelling Case Experiences; Performance,Practice, and Application for Emerging Instructional Designers     

Marti F. Julian  Mahle B. Kinzie  Valerie A. Larsen 《Performance Improvement Quarterly》2000,13(3):164-201

Instructional design (ID) case studies, which pose authentic ill‐defined design problems in realistic environments, can help instructional design students bridge the gap between novice and expert practice. Over the past three years, we have explored aspects of this educational approach through the development of Web‐based ID cases at the Curry School of Education, University of Virginia. This paper begins with a look at case study methods and how they are used to help students gain experience in professional practice. We describe the design and development of our Web‐based ID Case Competition and follow with a report on the competition involving seven universities. Officials and students felt that the case experience was valuable for developing ID expertise and preparation for professional practice. These advantages, and the opportunity for team collaboration, were noted as motivators for participation. Most of the students were enthusiastic about the inclusion of emergent ID and performance technology issues in the case and felt the experience expanded their knowledge of ID practice and application. We close with a discussion of implications for professional development and recommendations for future development activities.  相似文献   

The importance of cohesion and enjoyment for the fitness improvement of 8–10-year-old children participating in a team and individual sport school-based physical activity intervention     

Anne-Marie Elbe  Johan Michael Wikman  Miky Zheng  Malte Nejst Larsen  Glen Nielsen  Peter Krustrup 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(3):343-350

This study investigates the enjoyment and cohesion of school children participating in a school-based high-intensity physical activity (PA) intervention. Both enjoyment and cohesion have been found to be important factors for adherence to regular physical and sport activity, an important outcome of PA interventions. The sample consisted of 300 pupils (mean age: 9.3 years; 52.7% female) assigned to a team sport intervention, an individual sport intervention, or a control group for 10 months. The Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale and Youth Sport Environment Questionnaire were used to measure enjoyment and cohesion. The Yo-Yo IR1C test determined fitness improvements. Results showed that enjoyment and cohesion (social) measured at the beginning of the intervention significantly predict fitness improvements achieved after 10 months. No differing developmental effects over time could be found in the intervention groups with regard to cohesion and enjoyment when comparing them to the control group. However, enjoyment and cohesion (social) significantly decreased in the groups that performed individual sports. Team sports seem to be more advantageous for the development of enjoyment and cohesion, which are both factors that positively impact the health outcomes of the intervention.  相似文献   

Doctor Who in Time and Space: Essays on Themes,Characters, History and Fandom, 1963‐2012 Gillian I. Leitch,Editor. Jefferson,NC: McFarland, 2013.          下载免费PDF全文

Katherine Larsen 《Journal of American culture (Malden, Mass. : 2003)》2015,38(3):287-288

  相似文献   

Effects of increased teacher support on young children's learning.     

J M Larsen 《Child development》1975,46(3):631-637

6 groups of middle-class children (N = 116) received training in a motor skill, skipping, and a cognitive task, conservation of substance, under 2 conditions of teacher supportive behavior. Children in 3 treatment groups received instruction under the condition of increased teacher support, while instruction was given with nonvaried teacher support to 3 control groups. Experimental and control group gain scores on the 2 learning tasks were compared. Findings suggested that preschool children, especially girls, benefit significantly by increased teacher support in learning a motor skill, but greater gain was made in the cognitive area when receiving training under the condition of nonvaried teacher support.  相似文献   

Teacher MA attainment rates, 1970–2000     

S. Eric Larsen 《Economics of Education Review》2010

The share of female teachers in the U.S. with an MA more than doubled between 1970 and 2000. This increase is puzzling, as it is much larger than that of other college-educated women, and it occurred over a period of declining teacher aptitude. I estimate the contribution of changes in teacher demographic characteristics, increases in the returns to an MA, and changes in teacher certification requirements to increases in teacher MA attainment rates. I find that the majority of the rise in attainment not attributable to secular trends and increases in the average age of teachers can be explained by increases in the returns to an MA among teachers. The increase in MA returns among teachers presents a second puzzle, as there is little evidence that master's degrees increase teacher productivity.  相似文献   

Dimensional studies of specific microscopic fibre structures in deteriorated parchment before and during shrinkage     

Kathleen Mühlen Axelsson  René Larsen  Dorte V.P. Sommer 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2012,13(2):128-136

This paper reports the first systematic study of the dimensions of morphological changed microscopic collagen fibres in historical and new reference parchments with the aim to improve the knowledge on deterioration and the diagnosis of their damage in connection with conservation activities. The dimensions of fibres from the parchments were measured before and during shrinkage, with special emphasis on fibres with degradation characteristics designated as “pearls on a string” and “butterflies”. In addition, measurements of the total shrinkage of the length of fibres and pieces of parchment were also carried out. The observations support the assumption that in vivo transformation of the fibre structure by natural ageing is similar to that taking place when heating parchment and fibres in water. Based on statistical cluster analysis, four subpopulations of pearls representing different stages of deterioration are found. Moreover, the dimensional changes in the specific structures observed at room temperature can be related to specific temperatures in the interval of shrinkage suggesting that the hydrothermal stability of the fibres may be predicted on the basis of the ratio between length and width of the so-called pearls (P_l/P_w). The total shrinkage measured is drastic, in average around 56% for fibres and 43 to 48% for pieces of parchment depending on the direction of the skin. The total shrinkage of fibres corresponds to a mean change in the ratio P_l/P_w from around 10 to around 2.3. Finally, relations between the measured dimensions at the microscopic level with those of collagen at nanoscopic and molecular levels including known and potential chemical splitting points strongly indicate that the formation of the butterfly-like fragments formed by cleavage of two adjacent pearls in the fibre can be ascribed to chemical modification of specific tripeptides in the collagen molecule.  相似文献   

Performance,Perseverance, and the Full Picture of College Readiness          下载免费PDF全文

Matthew N. Gaertner  Katie Larsen McClarty 《Educational Measurement》2015,34(2):20-33

Although college readiness is a centerpiece of major educational initiatives such as the Common Core State Standards, few systems have been implemented to track children's progress toward this goal. Instead, college‐readiness information is typically conveyed late in a student's high‐school career, and tends to focus solely on academic accomplishments—grades and admissions test scores. Late‐stage feedback can be problematic for students who need to correct course, so the purpose of this research is to develop a system for communicating more comprehensive college‐readiness diagnoses earlier in a child's K‐12 career. This article introduces college‐readiness indicators for middle‐school students, drawing on the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS), a nationally representative longitudinal survey of educational inputs, contexts, and outcomes. A diversity of middle‐school variables was synthesized into six factors: achievement, behavior, motivation, social engagement, family circumstances, and school characteristics. Middle‐school factors explain 69% of the variance in college readiness, and results suggest a variety of factors beyond academic achievement—most notably motivation and behavior—contribute substantially to preparedness for postsecondary study. The article concludes with limitations and future directions, including the development of college‐readiness categories to support straightforward communication of middle‐school indicators to parents, teachers, and students.  相似文献   

Humidity Control in Historic Buildings in Denmark     

Poul Klenz Larsen 《文物保护研究》2018,63(5):164-169

ABSTRACT

Historic buildings in Denmark have a high relative humidity (RH) all year, so the interiors are exposed to biological degradation. The acceptable range for RH is 60–70%, which is higher than the usual recommendations for museums and galleries. There are two options for humidity control: conservation heating or mechanical dehumidification. Calculation of the energy performance of a generic building was used to determine which method is the most efficient. Studies of a cottage in Liselund Park, and of two medieval churches in Hellerup and Vemb have confirmed these predictions: dehumidification is less energy consuming than conservation heating in buildings with poor thermal insulation and a moderate air infiltration rate (AER?<?0.6?h^?1). Dehumidification is suitable for historic buildings, where heating is not needed for human comfort. A condensing dehumidifier uses less than half the energy per kg water compared to an absorption dehumidifier. But it does not work at temperatures below 2°C. The combination of a condensing dehumidifier and a little heating to prevent frost is the most energy efficient solution for humidity control. These results are only valid in mild and humid climatic conditions similar to Denmark.  相似文献   

Motor coordination difficulties in 5–6‐year‐old children with severe behavioural and emotional problems     

Synnøve Iversen  Ann‐Mari Knivsberg  Bjørn Ellertsen  Magne Nødland  Tommy Både Larsen 《Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties》2013,18(3):169-185

Incidence, severity and types of motor difficulties in children with severe behavioural and emotional problems were evaluated. A group of 6‐year‐olds (n = 29) with such problems and controls (n = 29) were compared on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (M‐ABC). The groups were compared on total scores as well as manual dexterity, ball skills and balance. Individual M‐ABC profiles were compared with Teacher's Report Form profiles. It was found that 62.1% in the high‐risk group and 20.7% in the control group showed motor coordination difficulties. In the high‐risk group 55.2% fulfilled the criteria of the DSM‐IV for developmental coordination disorder, compared to 3.4% controls. The high‐risk group showed significant difficulties within all sub‐areas of the M‐ABC. There was a significant relationship between attention problems and manual dexterity difficulties. The combination of problems identified makes these children vulnerable with regard to school inclusion and in need of proper assessment and intervention.  相似文献