ReinforcementBased Fuzzy Neural Network Control with Automatic Rule Generation     

WU Geng feng DONG Jian quan CHEN Yi min CAO Min ZHANG Yue 《上海大学学报(英文版)》1999,3(4):282-286

１　Ｉｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎ　Ａｆｕｚｚｙｎｅｕｒａｌｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｒｂａｓｅｄｏｎｔｈｅｃｏｍｂｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆｆｕｚｚｙｌｏｇｉｃｓｙｓｔｅｍａｎｄｎｅｕｒａｌｎｅｔｗｏｒｋｈａｓｕｎｉｑｕｅｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓ．Ｉｔｎｏｔｏｎｌｙｈａｓｔｈｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｅａｒｎｉｎｇａｎｄａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｖｅｍｅｍｏｒｙｂｕｔａｌｓｏｃｌｅａｒｌｙｒｅｐｒｅｓｅｎｔｓａｋｉｎｄｏｆｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｄｋｎｏｗｌｅｄｇｅａｎｄｄｏｅｓｆｕｚｚｙｉｎｆｅｒｅｎ…  相似文献   

Gadobutrol at different injection rates for dynamic supra-aortic imaging by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography     

FAN Bing  WANG Xiao-ying  LI Miao  ZHANG Yu-dong  ZHANG Bao-cui  LUO Jian 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2013,12(4):147-154

The aim of this study was to compare differences in imaging quality at different injection rates of gadobutrol(Gadovist? 1.0M) for dynamic supra-aortic imaging by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography(CEM RA). In 6 healthy volunteers,dynamic CEM RA examinations were performed twice at a 7 d interval with a gadobutrol dose of 0.1 mmol given to 1 kg body mass. For the two examinations,the contrast medium was injected at rates of 1.5 mL/s and 2.0 mL/s,followed by 20 mL normal saline injected at the same rate. Using a GE Signa 3.0T M R apparatus and the time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics(TRICKS) technique,scanning was performed continuously for 15 phases at a time resolution of about 2.4 s. Vascular reconstruction was undertaken by multiplane reconstruction and maximum intensity projection techniques. Two radiologists experienced in CEM RA diagnosis subjectively evaluated the contrast effect,vascular detail,and pseudo-shadow of all images,and graded them via a 5-point scale. With the two drug injection rates,the image quality,peak signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR) were compared for imaging of the infra-aortic arch,brachiocephalic trunk,subclavian artery(left/right),common carotid artery(left/right),internal carotid artery(left/right),and external carotid artery(left/right). Characteristics of the time-signal-intensity(T-S-I) curves were also analyzed at the two injection rates. All studies were performed successfully,without any complications. There was good image quality with both gadobutrol injection rates of 1.5 mL/s and 2.0 mL/s,and subjective scores for image quality,SNR and CNR were not significantly different between the two rates(P 0.05). The time-to-peak(TTP) from the hand dorsal vein injection site to the carotid artery ranged from 16.0 s to 27.1 s(mean 21.7 s ±3.4 s) in the 6 subjects,and was also not significantly different between the two drug injection rates(P 0.05). We conclude that dynamic CEM RA examination of the supra-aortic arch with gadobutrol injection at a rate of 1.5 mL/s was feasible,and satisfactorily reflected vascular shape and dynamic blood flow information.  相似文献   

“Early China： the Formative Period of. Chinese Civilization” Disphyed in Capital Museum     

Jian Zhong 《中外文化交流(英文版)》2010,(1):18-21

Last autumn, the exhibition ＂Early China： the Formative Period of Chinese Civilization＂ was held in the Capital Museum in Beijing. The 210 sets or pieces of exhibits showcase the origin and early evolution of Chinese civilization from 3500 BC to 1400 BC.  相似文献   

Reactant enrichment in hollow void of Pt NPs@MnOx nanoreactors for boosting hydrogenation performance     

Yanfu Ma  Liwei Wang  Wantong Zhao  Tianyi Liu  Haitao Li  Wenhao Luo  Qike Jiang  Wei Liu  Qihua Yang  Jun Huang  Riguang Zhang  Jian Liu  G.Q.Max Lu  Can Li 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2023,(10):114-122

In confined mesoscopic spaces,the unraveling of a catalytic mechanism with complex mass transfer and adsorption processes such as reactant enrichment is a great challenge.In this study,a hollow nanoarchitecture of MnO_x-encapsulated Pt nanoparticles was designed as a nanoreactor to investigate the reactant enrichment in a mesoscopic hollow void.By employing advanced characterization techniques,we found that the reactant-enrichment behavior is derived from directional diffusion of the r...  相似文献   

Warming-induced phenological mismatch between trees and shrubs explains high-elevation forest expansion     

Xiaoxia Li  Eryuan Liang  J.Julio Camarero  Sergio Rossi  Jingtian Zhang  Haifeng Zhu  Yongshuo H.Fu  Jian Sun  Tao Wang  Shilong Piao  Josep Pe?uelas 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2023,(10):62-71

Despite the importance of species interaction in modulating the range shifts of plants,little is known about the responses of coexisting life forms to a warmer climate.Here,we combine long-term monitoring of cambial phenology in sympatric trees and shrubs at two treelines of the Tibetan Plateau,with a meta-analysis of ring-width series from 344 shrubs and 575 trees paired across 11 alpine treelines in the Northern Hemisphere.Under a spring warming of +1℃,xylem resumption advances by 2-4 days in ...  相似文献   

Effective transport network driven by tortuosity gradient enables high-electrochem-active solid-state batteries     

Qing-Song Liu  Han-Wen An  Xu-Feng Wang  Fan-Peng Kong  Ye-Cai Sun  Yu-Xin Gong  Shuai-Feng Lou  Yi-Fan Shi  Nan Sun  Biao Deng  Jian Wang  Jia-Jun Wang 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2023,(3):178-188

Simultaneously achieving high electro chemical activity and high loading for solid-state batteries has been hindered by slow ion transport within solid electrodes,in particular with an increase in electrode thickness.Ion transport governed by ’point-to-point’ diffusion inside a solid-state electrode is challenging,but still remains elusive.Herein,synchronized electrochemical analysis using X-ray tomography and ptychography reve als new insights into the nature of slow ion transport in solid-stat...  相似文献   

How variable progenitor clones construct a largely invariant neocortexOA     

Zhongfu Shen  Jiajun Yang  Qiangqiang Zhang  Kuiyu Wang  Xiaohui Lv  Xiaolin Hu  Jian Ma  Song-Hai Shi 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2024,(1):129-144

The neocortex contains a vast collection of diverse neurons organized into distinct layers. While nearly all neocortical neurons are generated by radial glial progenitors(RGPs), it remains largely unclear how a complex yet organized neocortex is constructed reliably and robustly. Here, we show that the division behavior and neuronal output of RGPs are highly constrained with patterned variabilities to support the reliable and robust construction of the mouse neocortex. The neurogenic process of ...  相似文献   

A novel mutation in CD40 ligand gene in a sporadic patient with hyper-IgM syndrome     

Sun Jian 《上海大学学报(英文版)》1998,2(2):164-169

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＨｙｐｅｒ－ＩｇＭｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅ（ＨＩＭ）ｉｓａｒａｒｅｉｍｍｕｎｏｄｅｆｉｃｉｅｎｃｙｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｚｅｄｂｙａｎｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｄｓｕｓｃｅｐｔｉｂｉｌｉｔｙｔｏｒｅｃｕｒｒｅｎｔｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｓａｎｄｍａｒ...  相似文献   

Factors underlying the association of body mass index with serum ALT in Chinese hypertensive adults without known hepatic diseases     

Yan ZHANG  Xian-hui QIN  Jian-ping LI  Yi-min CUI  Ze-yuan LIU  Zhi-gang ZHAO  Jun-bo GE  De-ming GUAN  Jian HU  Yan-ni WANG  Fu-min ZHANG  Xin XU  Xi-ping XU  Yong HUO 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(8):743-748

Objective:High body mass index (BMI) is considered as the most important risk factor for elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) concentration. This study examined an array of factors, including waist circumference (WC) and folate deficiency, which may mediate the association of BMI with serum ALT concentration in Chinese hypertensive adults without known hepatic diseases. Methods:A multicenter, cross-sectional study was carried out. A total of 378 patients with mild or moderate hypertension and without known hepatic diseases were recruited from five hospitals in Harbin, Shanghai, Beijing, Xi’an, and Nanjing. Results:Of the 360 hypertensive patients with complete data in our final analysis, 13.6% had high ALT concentrations (>40 IU/L). Factors including BMI, WC, triglyceride level, and folate concentration were associated with ALT concentration in univariate analysis. Consistently higher prevalence rates of elevated ALT were observed in subjects with lower folate concentrations (≥12 vs. <12 nmol/L, 9.9% vs. 17.8%, P=0.03), with higher BMI (≥28 vs. <28 kg/m2, 21.5% vs. 11.4%, P=0.02) or higher WC (≥90 vs. <90 cm, 18.5% vs. 10.0%, P=0.02). However, in multivariate analysis, the association between BMI and ALT concentration disappeared (P=0.802 in males and 0.369 in females), while WC in females (P<0.001) and folate concentration (P=0.036 in males and 0.044 in females) remained as significant predictors for ALT concentration. Conclusions:This multicenter study demonstrated that WC and low folate concentration were important factors underlying the association between BMI and ALT concentrations in Chinese hypertensive adults without known hepatic diseases.  相似文献   

终身学习——少数民族妇女扫盲课程开发的一种新取向     

赵政 《西北成人教育学报》2013,(3):10-11

根据时代发展,提出"终身学习"作为少数民族妇女扫盲课程开发的价值取向,并结合妇女文盲自身实际,为了实现她们的全面可持续发展,从五方面对"终身学习"的价值取向做了详细阐述:以妇女文盲的需求为基点;考虑妇女文盲全面的自我发展;融合妇女文盲自身的生活经验和社区的课程资源;注意妇女文盲创造性思维的培养;充分利用现代通信和网络信息技术。  相似文献