怎样使学生理解教材     

З·И·卡尔梅科娃  禾心 《教育理论与实践》1987,(4)

迅速提高教学质量,这是摆在学校面前的一项任务。这一任务之所以难解决,是因为学校改革关于实施适合于学生年龄和个性的教学大纲和教科书的要求,还没有得以实现。但是,如果每个教师都能依据有关理解教材的过程特点的知识,按教材的书面或口头表述的心理要求,现在就能非常有效地工作。本文仅就此问题进行探讨。教材的可行性,首先取决于国家教学大纲所规定的科学内容的特点。但是科学的逻辑与掌握课程内容的逻辑是不一致的。所以,必须掌握的课程内容是根据学生相应的年龄特点,尽可能地按有代表性的学生个性特征改编出来的,这就决定了理解教材——卓有成效地掌握知识的中心环节。“只有弄懂了的知识,才能成为构成学生思维和个性的环节。”  相似文献   

基于红外图像的绝缘子高温区域特征研究     

宫政  西日艾力.吾斯曼  罗俊  尹迪晖  闫书佳 《教育教学论坛》2019,(1):104-105

绝缘子故障会引起表面温度的上升,造成局部区域高温。因此,准确识别绝缘子的高温区域是故障检测的有效途径。本文提出了基于灰度共生矩阵的绝缘子高温特征提取方法。红外图像经过图像分割后,提取纹理特征,选取能量、熵、惯性矩和相关性作为特征值。试验结果验证该方法准确性高,可为绝缘子高温区域的识别提供参考。  相似文献   

Broken Promises     

Lorraine M.Gregoire  晓雾 《英语自学》2001,(3)

“Sheesh!Give me a few points for self control!”Isnapped at my cranky husband.I wanted to stop at a sport-ing goods store“Going Out of Business”sale we passed inthe mall.“There's nothing we need”,his usual grumpymale comment.“It's all overpriced junk.If they had anythinggood they wouldn't be going out of business.”  相似文献   

开罗夜未眠     

G.WILLOW WILSON 《海外英语》2007,(11):24-25

During the last few years, my neighborhood in Cairo has experienced such an influxof refugees from the Iraq war that longtime residents have begun, with a mixture of  相似文献   

俄罗斯中等职业教育改革     

A.M诺维科夫  师程梅 《世界职业技术教育》2001,(3):12-13

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提高学生数学成绩——数学课堂教学建议     

道格拉斯·A·格如维斯  克里斯丁·J·塞布拉  陈智勇 《中学数学杂志》2003,(6)

过去三十年来有关数学教育的研究数量急剧增长 .这些研究结果 ,以及在其他领域 ,比如认识心理学上的相关研究结果 ,都被用来确认成功的教学策略和实践 .数学的教和学是复杂的任务 .很难确认一个单一教学行为的变化对学生学习的影响 .这是因为与之相联的其他教学活动 ,以及教学进行时的情景同时也对学生学习有影响 .这些研究结果表明 ,当教师努力想改进自己的数学教学行为时 ,某些教学策略和方法值得仔细地考虑 .对要了解下述建议的读者来说 ,很清楚 ,许多教学行为都是相关的 .有相当一批不同的教学行为已被确认为是有效的教学行为 ,因此许多…  相似文献   

Effect of boundary conditions and convection on thermally induced motion of beams subjected to internal heating     

MALIK Pravin KADOLI Ravikiran GANESAN N. 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2007,8(7):1044-1052

Numerical exercises are presented on the thermally induced motion of internally heated beams under various heat transfer and structural boundary conditions. The dynamic displacement and dynamic thermal moment of the beam are analyzed taking into consideration that the temperature gradient is independent as well as dependent on the beam displacement. The effect of length to thickness ratio of the beam on the thermally induced vibration is also investigated. The type of boundary conditions has its influence on the magnitude of dynamic displacement and dynamic thermal moment. A sustained thermally induced motion is observed with progress of time when the temperature gradient being evaluated is dependent on the forced convection generated due to beam motion. A finite element method (FEM) is used to solve the structural equation of motion as well as the heat transfer equation.  相似文献   

自密实混凝土和高性能混凝土在预制法施工中性能的比较研究     

ROUGEAU  MAILLARD  C.MARY-DIPPE  张金强 《石家庄铁路工程职业技术学院学报》2002,1(2):36-39

在混凝土预制厂中制作挡土墙时，对自密实混凝土(简称SCC)和高性能混凝土(简称HPC)进行了比较，试验表明，SCC某种情况下可以替代HPC。在试验室中进行的性能研究，包括材料的微观结构分析及与之相关的耐久性，尤其突出了一系列系数的测定(渗透性、氯化物的扩散性、碳化程度等)以及分别在有和没有防冻盐两种条件下的抗冻性。试验室条件下的试验结果，显示了SCC抵抗CO2和氯化物转移的良好性能。在研究中，SCC(尤其是BAP3)也显示了比HPC更加良好的抗冻性。  相似文献   

Risk factors for the perpetration of child sexual abuse: a review and meta-analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Whitaker DJ  Le B  Karl Hanson R  Baker CK  McMahon PM  Ryan G  Klein A  Rice DD 《Child abuse & neglect》2008,32(5):529-548

OBJECTIVES: Since the late 1980s, there has been a strong theoretical focus on psychological and social influences of perpetration of child sexual abuse. This paper presents the results of a review and meta-analysis of studies examining risk factors for perpetration of child sexual abuse published since 1990. METHOD: Eighty-nine studies published between 1990 and April of 2003 were reviewed. Risk factors were classified into one of the following six broad categories: family factors, externalizing behaviors, internalizing behaviors, social deficits, sexual problems, and attitudes/beliefs. Sex offenders against children (SOC) were compared to three comparison groups identified within the 89 studies: sex offenders who perpetrated against adults (SOA), non-sex offenders, and non-offenders with no history of criminal or sexual behavior problems. RESULTS: Results for the six major categories showed that SOC were not different from SOA (all d between -.02 and .14) other than showing lower externalizing behaviors (d=-.25). Sex offenders against children were somewhat different from non-sex offenders, especially with regard to sexual problems and attitudes (d=.83 and .51). Sex offenders against children showed substantial differences from non-offenders with medium sized effects in all six major categories (d's range from .39 to .58). CONCLUSION: Child sex offenders are different from non-sex offenders and non-offenders but not from sex offenders against adults. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study suggests that the presence of general risk factors may lead to a variety of negative behavioral outcomes, including the perpetration of child sexual offending. Family factors were strongly related to the perpetration of child sex offending (vs. non-sexual offending or non-offending) and may be valuable intervention points for interrupting the development of child sex offending, as well as other negative behaviors. Other potential points for intervention may focus on the development of appropriate social and emotional skills that contribute to sexual offending.  相似文献   

Could HIV tests land doctors in court?     

Coghlan A 《New scientist (1971)》1994,141(1910):6

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