Roommate Effects on Grades: Evidence from First-Year Housing Assignments     

Patrick J. McEwan  Kristen A. Soderberg 《Research in higher education》2006,47(3):347-370

This paper estimates the effect of students’ background characteristics on the academic outcomes of their college roommates. It uses data from four classes of students at Wellesley College, where roommate assignment is credibly random, conditional on student responses to a housing preference form. In linear specifications, there are no peer effects on students’ grade point averages. There is some evidence that students’ SAT scores have nonlinear effect on their roommates’ achievement, but the results are not robust. We conclude that roommate peer effects might exist among small groups of students, but they are not a key determinant of students’ average academic outcomes at Wellesley College.  相似文献   

The relationship between reading and listening comprehension: shared and modality-specific components     

Wolf  M. C.  Muijselaar  M. M. L.  Boonstra  A. M.  de Bree  E. H. 《Reading and writing》2019,32(7):1747-1767

This study aimed to increase our understanding on the relationship between reading and listening comprehension. Both in comprehension theory and in educational practice, reading and listening comprehension are often seen as interchangeable, overlooking modality-specific aspects of them separately. Three questions were addressed. First, it was examined to what extent reading and listening comprehension comprise modality-specific, distinct skills or an overlapping, domain-general skill in terms of the amount of explained variance in one comprehension type by the opposite comprehension type. Second, general and modality-unique subskills of reading and listening comprehension were sought by assessing the contributions of the foundational skills word reading fluency, vocabulary, memory, attention, and inhibition to both comprehension types. Lastly, the practice of using either listening comprehension or vocabulary as a proxy of general comprehension was investigated. Reading and listening comprehension tasks with the same format were assessed in 85 second and third grade children. Analyses revealed that reading comprehension explained 34% of the variance in listening comprehension, and listening comprehension 40% of reading comprehension. Vocabulary and word reading fluency were found to be shared contributors to both reading and listening comprehension. None of the other cognitive skills contributed significantly to reading or listening comprehension. These results indicate that only part of the comprehension process is indeed domain-general and not influenced by the modality in which the information is provided. Especially vocabulary seems to play a large role in this domain-general part. The findings warrant a more prominent focus of modality-specific aspects of both reading and listening comprehension in research and education.

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Book reviews     

J. Heywood  E. T. Balten  Ronald Goldman  Arnold Morrison  Peter J. M. McEwan  Frank Musgrove  L. R. B. Elton  Colin Lacey  K. A. Percy 《Higher Education》1973,2(1):113-131

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Interval running with self-selected recovery: Physiology,performance, and perception     

Gary McEwan  Rosemary Arthur  Shaun M Phillips  Neil V Gibson 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(8):1058-1067

This study (1) compared the physiological responses and performance during a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) session incorporating externally regulated (ER) and self-selected (SS) recovery periods and (2) examined the psychophysiological cues underpinning SS recovery durations. Following an incremental maximal exercise test to determine maximal aerobic speed (MAS), 14 recreationally active males completed 2 HIIT sessions on a non-motorised treadmill. Participants performed 12?×?30?s running intervals at a target intensity of 105% MAS interspersed with 30?s (ER) or SS recovery periods. During SS, participants were instructed to provide themselves with sufficient recovery to complete all 12 efforts at the required intensity. A semi-structured interview was undertaken following the completion of SS. Mean recovery duration was longer during SS (51?±?15?s) compared to ER (30?±?0?s; p?d?=?1.46?±?0.46). Between-interval heart rate recovery was higher (SS: 19?±?9?b?min^?1; ER: 8?±?5?b?min^?1; p?d?=?1.43?±?0.43) and absolute time ≥90% maximal heart rate (HR_max) was lower (SS: 335?±?193?s; ER: 433?±?147?s; p?=?.075; d?=?0.52?±?0.39) during SS compared to ER. Relative time ≥105% MAS was greater during SS (90?±?6%) compared to ER (74?±?20%; p?d?=?0.87?±?0.40). Different sources of afferent information underpinned decision-making during SS. The extended durations of recovery during SS resulted in a reduced time ≥90% HR_max but enhanced time ≥105% MAS, compared with ER exercise. Differences in the afferent cue utilisation of participants likely explain the large levels of inter-individual variability observed.  相似文献   

Word-to-text integration in English as a second language reading comprehension     

Mulder  Evelien  van de Ven  Marco  Segers  Eliane  Krepel  Alexander  de Bree  Elise H.  de Jong  Peter F.  Verhoeven  Ludo 《Reading and writing》2021,34(4):1049-1087

Reading and Writing - We assessed the relationship between word-to-text-integration (WTI) and reading comprehension in 7th grade students (n?=?441) learning English as a second language...  相似文献   

Identifying gaps in consumer health library collections: a retrospective review     

Eleni Giannopoulos  Michelle Snow  Mollie Manley  Katie McEwan  Andrew Stechkevich  Meredith Elana Giuliani  Janet Papadakos 《Journal of the Medical Library Association》2021,109(4):656

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