Research abstracts     

Editor Donald P. Ely 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1993,41(2):125-128

Abstracts are compiled by Nancy R. Preston, ERIC Clearinghouse on Information Resources, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244-2340. Telephone: 315-443-3640. Internet: ERIC@SUVM.SYR.EDU.  相似文献   

Using the Q-sort as a predictor of academic success in self-paced,individualized science classes     

Larry Melton  Donald Humphreys 《科学教学研究杂志》1980,17(3):243-249

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Diurnal patterning of eight activities in 14 species of muroid rodents     

Denis J. Baumgardner  Susan E. Ward  Donald A. Dewsbury 《Learning & behavior》1980,8(2):322-330

The diurnal patterning of locomotion, stereotypy, grooming, eating, drinking, sleeping, postural readjustment, and inactivity was studied in 14 species of muroid rodents in the laboratory using a visual observation technique.Microtus canicaudus, M. montanus, M. ochrogaster, andM. pennsylvanicus exhibited acyclic activity patterns, whilePeromyscus eremicus,P. gossypinus, P. leucopus, P. maniculatus bairdi, P. polionotus, Calomys callosus, Mus musculus, andOnychomys leucogaster displayed nocturnality in their behavioral patterning.Rhabdomys pumilio exhibited crepuscular activities andNeofiber alleni displayed a complex pattern of nocturnality. Species differed in total amount of time spent per day for all activities but eating. The acyclicity ofMicrotus species appears to be related to high metabolic rates and a semifossorial life-style.  相似文献   

Proactive effects in pigeons’ timing behavior: Implications for an internal-clock model     

Donald M. Wilkie 《Learning & behavior》1988,16(2):132-136

We have found proactive effects in pigeons’ timing behavior, a finding inconsistent with internal-clock models of timing that assume a resetable working-memory component. Six pigeons were trained to discriminate between 2- and 10-sec illuminations of a white light; choice of a red pecking key was correct and rewarded after presentation of the short stimulus whereas choice of a green key was correct and rewarded after presentation of the long stimulus. During training sessions, there were 60 trials separated by a 20-sec intertriai interval; short and long light occurred in a randomized order and correct choices were reinforced with 5-sec access to grain on a partial (75%) schedule. During test sessions, there were 120 trials separated by a 2-sec intertrial inter val. Light presentations occurred in a fixed order throughout these sessions: 2, 6, 10, 10, 6, 2 2, 6, 10 sec, and so forth. Choice of either red or green after 6 sec was not reinforced. However, red continued to be correct after 2 sec and green continued to be correct after 10 sec. Of central interest was how the subjects classified 6 sec of light in ascending (2, 6, 10) and descending (10. 6, 2) sequences of durations: Subjects chose the short alternative on 42% of the 6-sec trials in ascending series but only 29% in descending series, a result most plausibly interpreted as show ing that duration information from a preceding trial affects duration classifications on the cur rent trial. Such proactive effects should not occur according to working-memory models that as sume that stored information is cleared at the end of a trial.  相似文献   

Achieving the educational standards we need     

Donald M. Stewart 《Assessment Update》1992,4(1):1-7

This article is based on remarks presented by Donald M. Stewart at the Open Forum on National Standards held at the Second National Conference on School/College Collaboration, cosponsored by the American Association for Higher Education and the College Board in Atlanta, Georgia, on July 26, 1991.  相似文献   

Using Internet delivered video cases,to support pre-service teachers' understanding of effective early literacy instruction: An exploratory study     

Schrader  P.G.  Leu  Donald J.  Kinzer  Charles K.  Ataya  Rosemarie  Teale  William H.  Labbo  Linda D.  Cammack  Dana 《Instructional Science》2003,31(4-5):317-340

This preliminary study explores the effects ofusing CTELL (Case Technologies EnhancingLiteracy Learning) cases on preserviceteachers' learning. Students participated inone of three instructional treatments:traditional, traditional plus video, andtraditional plus CTELL cases. A pre-postconcept web, describing students' understandingof effective reading instruction, served as themajor outcome measure. This was supplementedwith a unidimensional confidence measure,journal entries, and student interviews. Nosignificant differences were found for any ofthe three treatment conditions on the conceptmapping task or the confidence measure.However, the journal entries and interview datahighlight important issues, challenges andbenefits, with respect to the use of multimediacases. Implications for teacher education areexplored.  相似文献   

THE USE OF MULTIPLE MODERATORS IN ACADEMIC PREDICTION1     

Stephen P. Klein  Donald A. Rock  Franklin R. Evans 《Journal of Educational Measurement》1968,5(2):151-160

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Book reviews     

Ian Lister  Donald J. McCarty  Arthur Levine  Roy Niblett  Philip G. Altbach  Alec Ross  Brace Williams  V. N. Balasubramanyam  W. W. Sweet 《Higher Education》1983,12(3):359-372

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Adjunctive behavior of the rat under periodic food delivery in a 24-hour environment     

Gary A. Lucas  William Timberlake  Donald J. Gawley 《Learning & behavior》1988,16(1):19-30

The behavior of 4 rats living in complex environments was monitored 24 h per day during free-feeding baseline and under conditions of periodic access to food. Under the periodic schedules, the minimum interfood interval (IFI) was increased from 16 to 512 sec in an ascending series. Periodic food produced robust overall increases in investigation of the feeder, drinking, general activity, and rearing, but not in wheel-running. The temporal distribution of behavior within the IFI was similar across subjects and supported the hypothesis that some responses were largely time-locked to the period immediately following eating, while other responses expanded to fill the interval. However, these response differences were not adequately captured by present classification schemes. Finally, the distribution of drinking following a food pellet strongly resembled the distribution of drinking following bouts of feeding in baseline. The results suggest that adjunctive behavior stems from three sources: (1) a simple increase in the number of opportunities for expression of normal preprandial and postprandial behavior, (2) an increase in the preprandial behavior directed toward the site of expected food, and (3) an increase in the postprandial distribution of both site-directed and more general exploratory behavior. These findings suggest that adjunctive behavior is not extraneous, but is an orderly distribution of responses ordinarily related to feeding and foraging for food.  相似文献   

Book review     

Sheila Slaughter  Charler Carter  Donald Bligh  Arthur Levine  D. Selby 《Higher Education》1981,10(4):491-495

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