Ethos,Habitus and Situation for Learning: An ecology     

Edwin Smith 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2003,24(4):463-470

It is argued that the concept of ethos connects with Bourdieu's 'habitus' and the notion of situated learning. It can be argued that ethos can be defined as an organisation's habitus. An ecological perspective suggests that habituses external to the school provide dispositions that continuously construct and re-construct school ethos, and the evolving ethos itself provides developing dispositions and contexts for situated co-learning and participation in communities of practice; for example, shared learning about how to learn. Some implications for school improvement and leadership in schools are discussed.  相似文献   

Overlap Probabilities and Delay Detonators     

Neil T Diamond 《Teaching Statistics》1999,21(2):52-53

A problem in mining engineering concerning detonators for rock blasting is considered. Simple probability calculations give very useful information about the detonation sequence.  相似文献   

The economic impact of nonresident students on West Virginia's economy     

Edwin R. Smith  Dr. Kathleen K. Bissonnette 《Research in higher education》1989,30(2):229-238

This paper describes a cost-benefit analysis of the impact of nonresident higher education students on the economy of West Virginia during the academic year 1985–86. During that year, the 10,091 FTE nonresident students enrolled in higher education institutions in West Virginia contributed to the state economy an estimated $72,182,000 through tuition and fees, living expenses, and travel expenses of parents and friends. The $72,182,000 flowing through the state's economy generated $86,618,318 in direct and indirect financial benefit to the state, while the state allocation attributed to the education of these nonresident students was $28,668,537. This return on investment, a benefit to cost ratio of 3.02, represents the net economic impact on West Virginia's state and local economies associated with higher education's nonresident enrollment in 1985–86. The ratio suggests that for each one dollar invested by the state in non-resident students, the state realized a return of $3.02 over the period of one academic year.Presented at the Twenty-Seventh Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research, Kansas City, May 1987.  相似文献   

The Developing Bodily Self: How Posture Constrains Body Representation in Childhood     

Janna M. Gottwald  Laura-Ashleigh Bird  Samantha Keenaghan  Clare Diamond  Eliana Zampieri  Haleema Tosodduk  Andrew J. Bremner  Dorothy Cowie 《Child development》2021,92(1):351-366

Adults’ body representation is constrained by multisensory information and knowledge of the body such as its possible postures. This study (N = 180) tested for similar constraints in children. Using the rubber hand illusion with adults and 6- to 7-year olds, we measured proprioceptive drift (an index of hand localization) and ratings of felt hand ownership. The fake hand was either congruent or incongruent with the participant’s own. Across ages, congruency of posture and visual–tactile congruency yielded greater drift toward the fake hand. Ownership ratings were higher with congruent visual–tactile information, but unaffected by posture. Posture constrains body representation similarly in children and adults, suggesting that children have sensitive, robust mechanisms for maintaining a sense of bodily self.  相似文献   

Urban school leadership for elementary science instruction: Identifying and activating resources in an undervalued school subject     

Spillane J.P.  Diamond J.B.  Walker L.J.  Halverson R.  Jita L. 《科学教学研究杂志》2002,39(1):104-104

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Urban school leadership for elementary science instruction: Identifying and activating resources in an undervalued school subject     

James P. Spillane  John B. Diamond  Lisa J. Walker  Rich Halverson  Loyiso Jita 《科学教学研究杂志》2001,38(8):918-940

This article explores school leadership for elementary school science teaching in an urban setting. We examine how school leaders bring resources together to enhance science instruction when there appear to be relatively few resources available for it. From our study of 13 Chicago elementary (K–8) schools' efforts to lead instructional change in mathematics, language arts, and science education, we show how resources for leading instruction are unequally distributed across subject areas. We also explore how over time leaders in one school successfully identified and activated resources for leading change in science education. The result has been a steady, although not always certain, development of science as an instructional area in the school. We argue that leading change in science education involves the identification and activation of material resources, the development of teachers' and school leaders' human capital, and the development and use of social capital. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 918–940, 2001  相似文献   

National Perspectives on State Guidance Office Functions     

Edwin L. Herr 《Counselor Education & Supervision》1971,10(3):209-218

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Hypothetical mode of action of earthworm extract with hepatoprotective and antioxidant properties     

Balamurugan M  Parthasarathi K  Ranganathan LS  Cooper EL 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2008,9(2):141-147

The hepatoprotective potential of earthworm extract (EE) (Lampito mauritii, Kinberg) was evaluated against paracetamol-induced liver injury in Wistar albino rat, in comparison with silymarin, the standard hepatoprotective drug. We observed a reduction in liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx),and catalase (CAT) and in serum total protein, and an increase in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), serum aspertate aminotranferase (AST), serum alanine aminotranferase (ALT), bilirubin and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) due to liver injury in the paracetamol-administered rats (2 g/kg). On the contrary, increased activities of liver GSH, SOD, GPx,CAT and serum total protein level, and decrease in the contents of serum ALP, AST, ALT, bilirubin and liver TBARS were observed in rats administered with different doses of EE (100, 200 and 300 mg/kg), which are similar to the activities of hepatoprotective drug silymarin (150 mg/kg). The mode of action of EE as evidenced by the above parameters may suggest that EE, on the one hand, prevents the formation of the reactive oxygen groups, or scavenges these groups, thereby preventing the damage on the hepatic cells, and, on the other hand, modulates the genes responsible for synthesis of antioxidant enzymes such as GPx, CAT and SOD in liver tissue and decreases the serum enzymatic activities such as ALP, AST and ALT.  相似文献   

Abilities and neural mechanisms underlying AB performance   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A Diamond 《Child development》1988,59(2):523-527

Schacter, Moscovitch, Tulving, McLachlan, and Freedman propose that infants may make the AB error because of immaturity of the memory system damaged in amnesia (e.g., the hippocampus). They contrast this with the proposal that infants may make the AB error because of immaturity of the frontal lobe system (Diamond; Diamond & Goldman-Rakic). Schacter et al.'s choice of subjects, however, did not permit a test of these 2 proposals, and characteristics of their task, such as length of delay, make comparison with infants difficult. Schacter et al. discuss sensitivity to proactive interference as a possible explanation for the AB error, but sensitivity to PI is more closely associated with frontal lobe damage than with amnesia. Schacter et al. associate perseveration with immaturity or damage to the frontal lobe; it is suggested here that this is better characterized as lack of inhibitory control. Tasks that are most likely to require frontal cortex function are those that demand both short-term memory and inhibitory control. AB is an excellent example of such a task.  相似文献   

From the Editor     

Karen E. Diamond  Editor 《Early childhood research quarterly》2003,18(4):399-400

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