Monitoring the ‘Enlaces’ educational computer network     

Pedro Hepp  Ernesto Laval  Gerardo Moënne  Miguel Ripoll 《Education and Information Technologies》1996,1(1):5-20

The use of networks in education is experiencing world-wide growth. Many schools have taken advantage of the reduction of price in modems, the emergence of electronic bulletin boards and world-wide web pages with educational content, and the availability of software for public participation in networks. Nevertheless, little information is available about the quality and quantity of existing network traffic; information that would allow organizations, network project administrators and supporters, to evaluate its impact, know its usage, evolution and projections. This paper presents some of the traffic monitoring mechanisms presently in use in a Chilean educational network (the Enlaces Project), together with examples of the information collected through these mechanisms.  相似文献   

Using a Group‐Centered Approach to Observe Interactions in Early Childhood Education          下载免费PDF全文

Saskia D. M. van Schaik  Paul P. M. Leseman  Mariëtte de Haan 《Child development》2018,89(3):897-913

This study examined the value of using a group‐centered approach to evaluate process quality of early childhood education and care (ECEC). Is observed support of group processes a different aspect of classroom quality, and does it predict children's collaborative play in ECEC in the Netherlands? In two play situations, 37 teachers and 120 two‐ to four‐year‐old children were observed with the Classroom Assessment Scoring System (CLASS) Toddler and two new measures. In a two‐level structural equation model, teachers’ support of group processes was positively related to the CLASS domains and to children's collaborative play, over and above the effect of children's cognitive ability and social competence. These findings suggest that ECEC quality evaluation could be enriched by adding group‐centered indicators of classroom quality.  相似文献   

"佐太"及以其配伍的藏成药毒性评析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

斗嘎 《青海师专学报》2005,25(4):72-75

汞在藏药中应用历史悠久，使用范围很广，疗效奇特，但必须炮制成“佐太”方能内服．“佐太”经过洗、涤、煮、煅等极为严格而缜密炮制工艺，然后配以中和、抵制汞毒及具有治疗功用的其它众多药物制成多种藏成药，经干百年临床应用验证和现代毒理实验证明长期使用对人体无明显的毒性作用，对机体的一般状态、生长发育、血液指标、肝肾功能、重要脏器的组织学结构均无明显影响，完全可以放心服用。  相似文献   

Professional controversies between teachers about their summative assessment practices: a tool for building assessment capacity     

Lucie Mottier Lopez  Raphaël Pasquini 《Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice》2017,24(2):228-249

Abstract

This article describes two collaborative research projects whose common goal was to explore the potential role of professional controversies in building teachers’ summative assessment capacity. In the first project, upper primary teachers were encouraged to compare their practices through a form of social moderation, without prior instructor input or theoretical preparation. In the second project, lower secondary school teachers were encouraged to compare their summative assessment practices with reference to a theoretical model of curriculum alignment, under the guidance of an instructor. The findings support the potentially constructive role of professional controversies in supporting teachers’ professional development for summative assessment. They highlight the status of references called upon in discussion of controversies, and their contribution to the construction of the subjects under discussion.  相似文献   

6- and 8-year-olds’ performance evaluations: Do they differ between self and unknown others?     

Nesrin Destan  Manuela A. Spiess  Anique de Bruin  Mariëtte van Loon  Claudia M. Roebers 《Metacognition and Learning》2017,12(3):315-336

The current study investigated kindergarteners and second graders’ ability to monitor and evaluate their own and a virtual peer’s performance in a paired-associate learning task. Participants provided confidence judgments (CJs) for their own responses and performance-based judgments (judgments provided after receiving feedback on their performance) for both their own and a virtual peer’s responses. For the performance-based judgments, children were confronted with their own or the peer’s answer as well as the correct answer. Additionally, participants were asked to credit their own and the peer’s correct and incorrect answers while facing feedback. Results indicate an age-related progression in metacognitive monitoring skills, with second graders differentiating more strongly in their confidence judgments between correct and incorrect responses compared to kindergarteners. Regarding performance-based judgments, children of both age groups provided higher judgments for correctly compared to incorrectly recognized items as well as for their own responses in comparison to the responses of the unknown child. Similarly, when crediting, participants of both age groups gave more credits for correct recognition than for incorrect recognition and for their own responses than for the peer’s responses. The significant interaction between age group and recognition accuracy for the crediting shows that second graders gave more credits for correctly recognized items while kindergarteners gave more credits for incorrect answers than the older children – primarily for their own incorrect answers. In conclusion, the study provides new insights into 6- and 8-year-olds’ evaluations of their own and an unknown child’s performance in a paired-associate learning task by showing that children of both age groups generally judged and credited responses in their own favor. These results add to our understanding of biases in children’s performance evaluations, including metacognitive judgments and judgments provided after receiving feedback.  相似文献   

Transition from high school to university: a person-centered approach to academic achievement     

Mikaël De Clercq  Benoît Galand  Mariane Frenay 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2017,32(1):39-59

Although a vast body of studies regarding the variables related to students’ achievement exists, only a handful has investigated how these variables combine and interact together. Such an investigation might make it possible to more accurately illustrate the heterogeneity of students enrolling in university and assess the impact of this diversity on academic achievement. The current study focused on the person-centered approach and investigated the possibility of determining significant subgroups of freshmen in the very first week of the academic year in the Belgian educational context. Using k-mean clustering, 2178 freshmen were classified according to their past performance, socioeconomic status, study choice process, and academic self-efficacy beliefs at the beginning of the first year at university. Analyses of variance were also conducted to analyze the relationship between these student clusters and academic achievement outcomes. Six distinct profiles of students were identified representing different combinations of achievement predictors. Results revealed different odds of success among these profiles. The implications of our approach to the understanding of the heterogeneity of freshmen and the first-year achievement process are discussed.  相似文献   

康熙年间小清河两次整治行为初探     

李嘎 《滨州学院学报》2007,23(1):73-76

清代前期小清河为患严重,康熙年间山东主政者主要进行了两次大的治理工程,两次治河各有得失,短期内取得了一定成效,但并未持久。缺乏一个专司小清河事务的管理机构,政区地理方面的原因造成的地方官彼此扯皮、百姓肆意决堤,以及鲁北地区特殊的地质地貌是小清河治理成效甚微的主要导因。  相似文献   

Mental Effort and Performance as Determinants for the Dynamic Selection of Learning Tasks in Air Traffic Control Training     

Salden  Ron J.C.M.  Paas  Fred  Broers  Nick J.  van Merriënboer  Jeroen J.G. 《Instructional Science》2004,32(1-2):153-172

The differential effects of four task selectionmethods on training efficiency and transfer incomputer-based training for Air Traffic Controlwere investigated. A non-dynamic condition, inwhich the learning tasks were presented to theparticipants in a fixed, predeterminedsequence, was compared to three dynamicconditions, in which learning tasks wereselected on the basis of performance, mentaleffort, and a combination of both (i.e., mentalefficiency). Using the 3-factor mentalefficiency formula of Tuovinen and Paas (2004, this issue), the hypothesis that dynamic taskselection leads to more efficient training thannon-dynamic task selection was confirmed.However, the hypothesis that dynamic taskselection based on mental efficiency leads tomore efficient training than dynamic taskselection based on performance or mental effortalone was not supported. The results arediscussed in light of the theoretical frameworkand suggestions are given for futureresearch.  相似文献   

Effects of Web-based Support for the Construction of Competence Maps     

Angela Stoof  Rob L. Martens  Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer 《Instructional Science》2006,34(3):189-211

Educationalists experience difficulties with the construction of competence maps that describe final attainment levels of educational programs. Web-based support was developed with three supportive aids: A construction kit, a phenomenarium, and an information bank. Each supportive aid was expected to improve perceived process and product quality as well as learning. In a full factorial experiment, 266 educational science students constructed a competence map, whether or not supported by different combinations of the three supportive aids. The availability of the construction kit and the phenomenarium had positive effects on perceived process quality and learning. Furthermore, if there was no phenomenarium with example materials, the absence of the construction kit greatly diminished experienced support (i.e., one aspect of process quality); if a phenomenarium was present, the availability of the construction kit had relatively little effect on perceived support. In general, this study indicates that well-designed Web-based support helps to construct competence maps. in final form: 2 February 2006  相似文献   

日喀则地区沙尘天气的初步研究     

卓嘎 《西藏科技》2007,(2):59-63,23

近年来,各地开展了许多对沙尘天气的研究,有了诸多的成果.但对西藏沙尘天气的研究甚少,为此本文利用日喀则地区5个站点近44年的地面资料,对日喀则沙尘天气的时空分布特征进行分析,表明日喀则地区大风、浮尘、扬沙、沙尘暴天气发生次数总的演变趋势是在波动中逐渐减少.日喀则西部地区的沙尘天气日数明显多于沿江和南部边缘地区.本文还对日喀则沙尘天气的成因进行了分析,通过对沙尘天气出现前地面、高空要素变化特点的分析,得出预报沙尘天气的粗浅方法.  相似文献