The processing of informative feedback about multiple-choice test performance     

Gary D. Phye 《Contemporary educational psychology》1979,4(4):381-394

From a cognitive perspective, informative feedback is assumed to be confirmatory or corrective. However, feedback is not always effective and errors persist. In cases where errors persist, an analysis of errors as well as correct responses is recommended in order to better understand the processing of informative feedback. A model of multiple-choice processing is introduced to provide the context for a consideration of the role of error analysis. Data from experiment 1 demonstrate the use of semantic retrieval cues in multiple-choice performance. While informative feedback improves post-test performance, it is difficult to demonstrate a differential effect for type of feedback. Experiment 2 suggests a threshold effect for informative feedback. Information beyond that which is necessary for the confirmation of a correct response and/or the correction of an error has a deleterious effect on post-test performance. Error analysis indicated a disproportionate number of perseverative errors when the use of a retrieval process was not required at post-test.  相似文献   

Variation as Unalikeability     

Mike Perry  Gary Kader 《Teaching Statistics》2005,27(2):58-60

This article discusses concepts of variability and suggests a possible alternative measure that appears to support some students’ intuition.  相似文献   

Classroom Peer Acceptance, Friendship, and Victimization: Destinct Relation Systems That Contribute Uniquely to Children's School Adjustment?     

Gary W. Ladd  Becky J. Kochenderfer  Cynthia C. Coleman 《Child development》1997,68(6):1181-1197

The proposition that relationships make differential (i.e., unique, redundant, contingent) contributions to adjustment was examined by investigating the linkages between children's participation in different types of peer relationships (i.e., friendship, peer acceptance, peer victimazation) and their adjustment to school. Relationship measure were gathered for 5-to 6- year-old children(105 males, 95 females) twice during kindergaten (i.e., fall and spring) nad were correlated with adjustment indicators at each time of assessment and used to predict changes in school adjstment over time. Examination of the relative associations between the relationship measures and children's adjustment revealed of both unshared (i.e., unique) and shared (i.e., redundant) linkages, depending on the form of adjustment examined.These findings suggest that adjustment may be influenced by the diverse experiences (i.e., provisions) that children encounter in different forms of relationship, and that certain types of relationships may have greater or lesser adaptive significance depending on the adjustment outcome examined  相似文献   

A differential feature-cost analysis of nine computer-assisted career guidance systems     

James P. Sampson Jr.  Robert C. Reardon  Janet K. Humphreys  Gary W. Peterson  Michael A. Evans  Dorothy Domkowski 《Journal of Career Development》1990,17(2):81-111

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A comparative analysis of the impact of SIGI and SIGI PLUS     

Robert C. Reardon  Gary W. Peterson  James P. Sampson Jr.  Rebecca E. Ryan-Jones  Michael Shahnasarian 《Journal of Career Development》1992,18(4):315-322

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Enhancing rice resistance to fungal pathogens by transformation with cell wall degrading enzyme genes from Trichoderma atroviride     

刘梅  孙宗修  朱洁  徐同  HARMAN Gary E  LORITO Matteo 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2004,5(2)

Three genes encoding for fungal cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs), ech42, nag70 and gluc78 from the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma atroviride were inserted into the binary vector pCAMBIA1305.2 singly and in all possible combinations and transformed to rice plants. More than 1800 independently regenerated plantlets in seven different populations (for each of the three genes and each of the four gene combinations) were obtained. The ech42 gene encoding for an endochitinase increased resistance to sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani, while the exochitinase-encoding gene, nag70, had lesser effect. The expression level of endochitinase but exochitinase was correlated with disease resistance. Nevertheless, exochitinase enhanced the effect of endochitinase on disease resistance when the two genes co-expressed in transgenics. Resistance to Magnaporthe grisea was found in all kinds of regenerated plants including that with single gluc78. A few lines expressing either ech42 or nag70 gene were immune to the disease. Transgenic plants are being tested to further evaluate disease resistance at field level. This is the first report of multiple of expression of genes encoding CWDEs from Trichoderma atroviride that result in resistance to blast and sheath blight in rice.  相似文献   

An intifada of our very own     

Richard M. Berthold  Henry Ashby Turner  Bahman Baktiari  Philip Mattar  John Rodenbeck  Gary G. Sick 《Academic Questions》1997,10(4):5-8

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Minority and Nonminority Adjustment to College: Differences or Similarities?   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

Eimers  Mardy T.  Pike  Gary R. 《Research in higher education》1997,38(1):77-97

Using a model of retention, this study focused on minority and nonminority students' adjustment to college. Data were collected via mailed questionnaire from 799 freshmen at a residential, public research university in the Midwest. Path analysis was used to test the model. Results indicated that perceived quality had significant effects on intent to persist for minorities but not for nonminorities, and academic achievement had significant effects on intent to persist for nonminorities but not for minorities. Similarities between the two groups, however, clearly overshadowed differences. For instance, perceived racial discrimination exerted equivalent effects (although weak) on intent to persist for minorities and nonminorities.  相似文献   

Memorable Messages as Sources of Hope     

Andy J. Merolla  Gary A. Beck  Alice Jones 《Communication quarterly》2017,65(4):456-480

Based on hope theory, this study examined potential links between hope and memorable messages. Using qualitative methods, the authors coded the content and form of memorable messages in three domains: academics, relationships, and finances. Quantitative analysis then tested if the memorable message characteristics of positivity and efficacy were associated with dispositional and domain-specific hope. Consistent with predictions, participants with higher dispositional hope reported more positive and efficacious messages across message domains. Hierarchical regression analysis suggested that the agency, but not the pathways, dimension of dispositional hope predicted message positivity and efficacy. Regression results also indicated that participants with higher domain-specific pathways reported more efficacious memorable messages.  相似文献   

海外收购与消化不良     

Gary Mcwilliams 《现代企业教育》2006,(21):7

为扩大知名度、追逐更丰厚的利润,中国的许多低成本制造商都热衷于收购全球性知名品牌.但一些率先在西方国家购得知名品牌的中国企业却出现了消化不良的现象. 　　电子消费产品生产商TCL集团股份有限公司(TCLCorp.)在它2003年收购的RCA和汤姆逊(Thomson)电视机品牌上的损失正在日渐扩大.去年斥资12.5亿美元收购国际商业机器公司(IBM)个人电脑业务、并因此成为全球第三大个人电脑制造商的联想集团(Lenovo Group)由于策略上的失误,造成其产品的全球市场占有率开始萎缩.……  相似文献