Factors contributing to research excellence     

Julie K. Snyder  Gerald W. McLaughlin  James R. Montgomery 《Research in higher education》1991,32(1):45-58

What factors contribute to high-quality funded research activity in research universities? What do these institutions have in common? What management strategies do they employ to encourage funded research excellence and activity? In this period of decreased or level government spending, competition for grants among research universities becomes fierce. In order to stay competitive, it is important to know what works in research management. Preliminary research has allowed us to provide some answers and to clarify some key questions on what makes a successful research program.  相似文献   

The relationship between science process skill and formal thinking abilities     

Michael J. Padilla  James R. Okey  F. Gerald Dillashaw 《科学教学研究杂志》1983,20(3):239-246

The purpose of this study is to examine integrated process skill and formal thinking abilities of middle and high school students and determine the relationship, if any, between the two. A relationship was thought to exist since both sets of skills strongly emphasize conducting fair experiments as well as other abilities. Pencil and paper measures of formal operational and integrated process skill achievement were given to almost 500 grade 7–12 students. Resulting correlations showed a strong relationship between achievement on the two meansures (r = 0.73) and all subtests of both measures. Factor analysis data corroborate the correlational evidence. One potential inference to be drawn from these results is that process skill teaching might influence formal thinking ability. A follow-up experimental study will determine this.  相似文献   

It Takes Two to Replicate: A Mediational Model for the Impact of Parents' Stress on Adolescent Adjustment   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15  

Rand D. Conger  Gerald R. Patterson  Xiaojia Ge 《Child development》1995,66(1):80-97

In this study of parental stress and adolescent adjustment, experiences of negative life events during the recent past were used to generate a measure of acute stress. In addition, multiple indicators based on reports from various informants were used to estimate latent constructs for parental depression, discipline practices, and adolescent adjustment. Employing 2 independent samples of families from 2 different regions of the country (rural Iowa and a medium-sized city in Oregon), structural equation models were used to test the hypothesis that in intact families acute stress experienced by parents is linked to boys' adjustment (average age equaled 11.8 years in the Oregon sample, 12.7 years in the Iowa sample) through 2 different causal mechanisms. The findings showed that parental stress was related to adjustment through stress-related parental depression that is, in turn, correlated with disrupted discipline practices. Poor discipline appears to provide the direct link with developmental outcomes. The structural equation model (SEM) used to test the proposed mediational process was consistent with the data for mothers and boys from both the Oregon and the Iowa samples. The similarity in results was less clear for fathers and boys. Implications of these results for future replication studies are discussed.  相似文献   

The World is a Showcase for Creative People     

Ryan W. O’Donnell  John J. O’Malley  Randolph J. Huis  Gerald B. Halt 《TechTrends》2008,52(2):8-11

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The translucent cadaver: An evaluation of the use of full body digital x-ray images and drawings in surface anatomy education     

Kotzé SH  Mole CG  Greyling LM 《Anatomical sciences education》2012,5(5):287-294

It has been noted by staff at the Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University that medical students neglect the study of surface anatomy during dissection. This study reports on the novel use of Lodox® Statscan® images in anatomical education, particularly the teaching of surface anatomy. Full body digital X‐ray images (Lodox Statscan) of each cadaver (n = 40) were provided to second year medical students. During dissection students were asked to visualize landmarks, organs, and structures on the digital X‐ray and their cadaver, as well as palpate these landmarks and structures on themselves, their colleagues, and the cadaver. To stimulate student engagement with surface anatomy, dissection groups were required to draw both the normal and actual position of organs on a laminated image provided. The accuracy of the drawings was subsequently assessed and students were further assessed by means of practical identification tests. In addition, students were asked to complete an anonymous questionnaire. A response rate of 79% was obtained for the student questionnaire. From the questionnaire it was gathered that students found the digital X‐ray images beneficial for viewing most systems' organs, except for the pelvic organs. Although it appears that students still struggle with the study of surface anatomy, most students believed that the digital X‐rays were beneficial to their studies and supported their continued use in the future. Anat Sci Educ. © 2012 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

International trends in health science librarianship: part 1 - the English speaking world     

Browne R  Lasserre K  McTaggart J  Bayley L  McKibbon A  Clark M  Perry GJ  Murphy J 《Health information and libraries journal》2012,29(1):75-80

This is the second in a series of articles exploring international trends in health science librarianship in the first decade of the 21st century. The invited authors were asked to reflect on developments in their country - viz. Australia, Canada, New Zealand and the United States. Future issues will track trends in Northern Europe, the Nordic countries, Southern Europe and Latin America. JM.  相似文献   

Talking about death: Implementing peer discussion as a coping mechanism to overcome fears about dissection,death, and dying     

Sanet Henriët Kotzé  Calvin Gerald Mole 《Anatomical sciences education》2013,6(3):191-198

Many studies have reported on the perceptions of medical students toward dissection. It is important to understand the feelings and symptoms experienced during dissection so that they can be adequately handled. Prior to dissection, first year students are given lectures on aspects of dissection, death and dying, and death rituals in various cultures. Two separate questionnaires, one given during the first week of dissection and another given one month into the program were then completed anonymously by dissection groups. The questions were designed to be open‐ended, thereby encouraging group discussion amongst students. The questionnaires were used to determine the perception of students to dissection and to discover if these perceptions change during the dissection program. The first questionnaire revealed that students do experience fears and anxiety prior to and at the beginning of dissection; however, most of these fears dissipated by the time of the second questionnaire. One month into dissection students cited talking to peers as their main coping mechanism and fewer students mentioned emotional detachment from their cadaver as a coping mechanism, as was the case in the first questionnaire. Dissection was perceived as a positive experience by our student cohort and most students cited the main advantage of dissection as the ability to visualize organs in three dimensions. The comprehensive answers received from the students indicated that thorough discussion of feelings amongst peers occurred, introducing students to an important coping mechanism at an early stage of their learning. Anat Sci Educ. © 2013 American Association of Anatomists.  相似文献   

The Most Integrated Hour in America: Reframing the Organizational Discourses of Church Purpose     

Gerald W. C. Driskill  Jacob Jenkins 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):433-452

Religious organizations have increasingly drawn the attention of communication scholars. This interest is due in part to the significant role these organizations have in building social capital – particularly in regard to improving racial/ethnic relations. This potential has remained largely unrealized, however, since the Civil Rights Movement over 50 years ago. Consequently, this study seeks to understand how church pastors frame the ambiguous discourse of organizational purpose. Building on an earlier research phase that included 42 pastoral interviews, this study adds to our understanding of framing practices via three dialectical tensions: integration-segregation, belief-practice, and vertical-horizontal. The analysis also reveals how these dialectics were framed through improbability, double bind, alternation, selection, connection, and transcendence, as well as their impact upon ethnic relationships. Theoretic and practical implications are provided.  相似文献   

Studies on the use of fear appeals: A summary and analysis     

Gerald R. Miller 《Communication Studies》2013,64(2):117-124

While a number of studies have been concerned with the effects of varying intensities of fear appeals on audience response, interpretation of the findings poses a number of problems. The author summarizes some of the major research thus far conducted, analyzes several of the problems involved in interpreting the findings of these studies, and provides some tentative suggestions for fruitful approaches to the study of the effects of fear‐arousing appeals.  相似文献   

What next? Three knowledge objectives for communication researchers     

Gerald R. Miller 《Communication Studies》2013,64(4):212-218

This essay identifies as knowledge objectives the need to (1) understand the interrelatedness of communicative contexts, (2) pinpoint more precisely the serial nature of communication, and (3) establish the relationship between laboratory and naturalist investigations  相似文献