Prediction of segmental lean mass using anthropometric variables in young adults     

Scafoglieri A  Tresignie J  Provyn S  Marfell-Jones M  Reilly T  Bautmans I  Clarys JP 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(8):777-785

The aim of the present study was to develop and cross-validate anthropometrical prediction equations for segmental lean tissue mass (SLM). One hundred and seventeen young healthy Caucasians (67 men and 50 women; mean age: 31.9 ± 10.0 years; Body Mass Index: 24.3 ± 3.2 kg · m(-2)) were included. Body mass (BM), stretch stature (SS), 14 circumferences (CC), 13 skinfolds (SF) and 4 bone breadths (BB) were used as anthropometric measurements. Segmental lean mass of both arms, trunk and both legs were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry as the criterion method. Three prediction equations for SLM were developed as follows: arms = 40.394(BM) + 169.836(CCarm-tensed) + 399.162(CCwrist) - 85.414(SFtriceps) - 39.790(SFbiceps) - 7289.190, where Adj.R (2) = 0.97, P < 0.001, and standard error of estimate (SEE) = 355 g;trunk = 181.530(BM) + 155.037(SS) + 534.818(CCneck) + 175.638(CCchest) - 88.359(SFchest) - 147.232(SFsupraspinale) - 46522.165, where Adj.R(2) = 0.97, P < 0.001, and SEE = 1077g; and legs = 55.838(BM) + 88.356(SS) + 235.579(CCmid-thigh) + 278.595(CCcalf) + 288.984(CCankle) - 84.954(SFfront-thigh) - 53.009(SFmedial calf) - 28522.241, where Adj.R (2) = 0.96, P < 0.001, and SEE = 724 g. Cross-validation statistics showed no significant differences (P < 0.05) between observed and predicted SLM. Root mean squared errors were smallest for arms (362 g), followed by legs (820 g) and trunk (1477 g). These new prediction equations allow an accurate estimation of segmental lean mass in groups of young adults, but estimation errors of 8 to 14% can occur in certain individuals.  相似文献   

Science and sports: a brief history of muscle, motion and ad hoc organizations     

Clarys JP  Alewaeters K 《Journal of sports sciences》2003,21(9):669-677

Both the history of biolocomotion (later to become motion analysis/biomechanics) and of electrology (later kinesiological electromyography) are to be traced back to approximatively the same period in the second half of the seventeenth century. The major contributors to these emergent sciences were Swammerdam in 1658 and Borelli in 1680. Some 150 years later, electrophysiological methods were derived and motion-cinephotography was developed from their pioneering work. Subsequently, use was made of motion analysis by means of cinephotography, forming a basis for biomechanics. The work of Marey in 1873 in particular stimulated the multidisciplinary study of human activity, providing models for contemporary sports scientists working in applied settings. The link between theory and practice in motion sciences and the multidisciplinary model of Marey were the motive and the example for establishing the Working Group of Biomechanics in the 1960s. This body has gone through a series of progressive developments, culminating in the approval of the World Commission of Science and Sports as a service group of the International Council for Sport Science and Physical Education (recognized by UNESCO).  相似文献   

论特色建馆   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

戴维民 《上海高校图书情报学刊》1998,8(3):10-12

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叙词表传统模式的突破——《教育分面叙词表》的编制理论与技术     

戴维民  侯汉清 《中国图书馆学报》1989,15(2)

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加速图书馆现代化建设增强教学科研服务保障能力：空军政治学院图书馆现代…     

戴维民  董慧 《文献工作研究》1996,(6):28-30

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Practicing a maximal performance task: a cooperative strategy for muscle activity     

Gabriel DA  Boucher JP 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2000,71(3):217-228

The effect of practice on predicting elbow flexion movement time was studied. Participants (N = 18) performed 400 elbow flexion trials to a target in the horizontal plane. The trials were distributed equally over four sessions. The goal was to decrease the movement time (MT) for the same degree of accuracy. The electromyographic (EMG) activity of the biceps and triceps brachii was monitored with standard Beckman Ag/AgCl surface electrodes. The EMG measures formed two variable sets within one prediction equation. One variable set was composed of the onset of muscle activity relative to the start of movement (motor time) and the duration of muscle activity. The other variable set consisted of the mean amplitude value of the entire burst and of the first 30 ms (Q30) of activity. As the maximal speed of limb movement increased, the duration of muscle activity (motor time and EMG duration) decreased, and the magnitude of muscle activity (MAV and Q30) increased. Most of the change in the duration of muscle activity occurred in Session 1, while the magnitude of muscle activity continued to increase until Session 3. Multiple regression analysis revealed a cooperative strategy between the magnitude and duration of muscle activity. Early in learning, participants adjusted the magnitude of muscle activity to increase limb movement speed. As practice continued, alterations in the duration of muscle activity became more important, while the magnitude changes were less involved. Late in learning, both dimensions of muscle activity were used to decrease MT. We suggest that the interplay between the magnitude and duration of muscle activity may be due to: (a) cognitive factors related to the division of attention in a motor skill, (b) an increase in the frequency of motor unit firing that affects both dimensions of muscle activity, or (c) some combination of (a) and (b).  相似文献   

在全军“军用主题词表辅助标引系统”使用骨干培训班结业仪式上的讲话     

戴维民 《信息管理(上海)》2006,19(4):5-6

在军事科学院战争理论和战略研究部、全军信息化工作办公室领导的亲切关怀和领导下，由全军军用主题词表编管委员会主办，我院承办的全军“军用主题词表辅助标引系统”使用骨干培训班今天就要结业了。在此，我代表上海分院全体同志对培训班圆满成功表示热烈的祝贺!  相似文献   

铜对猪的促生长作用（综述）     

Bowl.  JP 马卫东 《农业科技译丛(湖南)》1991,20(1):47-51

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Enhancing the MeSH thesaurus to retrieve French online health resources in a quality-controlled gateway     

Douyère M  Soualmia LF  Névéol A  Rogozan A  Dahamna B  Leroy JP  Thirion B  Darmoni SJ 《Health information and libraries journal》2004,21(4):253-261

The amount of health information available on the Internet is considerable. In this context, several health gateways have been developed. Among them, CISMeF (Catalogue and Index of Health Resources in French) was designed to catalogue and index health resources in French. The goal of this article is to describe the various enhancements to the MeSH thesaurus developed by the CISMeF team to adapt this terminology to the broader field of health Internet resources instead of scientific articles for the medline bibliographic database. CISMeF uses two standard tools for organizing information: the MeSH thesaurus and several metadata element sets, in particular the Dublin Core metadata format. The heterogeneity of Internet health resources led the CISMeF team to enhance the MeSH thesaurus with the introduction of two new concepts, respectively, resource types and metaterms. CISMeF resource types are a generalization of the publication types of medline. A resource type describes the nature of the resource and MeSH keyword/qualifier pairs describe the subject of the resource. A metaterm is generally a medical specialty or a biological science, which has semantic links with one or more MeSH keywords, qualifiers and resource types. The CISMeF terminology is exploited for several tasks: resource indexing performed manually, resource categorization performed automatically, visualization and navigation through the concept hierarchies and information retrieval using the Doc'CISMeF search engine. The CISMeF health gateway uses several MeSH thesaurus enhancements to optimize information retrieval, hierarchy navigation and automatic indexing.  相似文献   

Hormonal responses to exercise after partial sleep deprivation and after a hypnotic drug-induced sleep     

Mougin F  Bourdin H  Simon-Rigaud ML  Nguyen NU  Kantelip JP  Davenne D 《Journal of sports sciences》2001,19(2):89-97

The aim of this study was to determine the hormonal responses, which are dependent on the sleep wake cycle, to strenuous physical exercise. Exercise was performed after different nocturnal regimens: (i) a baseline night preceded by a habituation night; (ii) two nights of partial sleep deprivation caused by a delayed bedtime or by an early awakening; and (iii) two nights of sleep after administration of either a hypnotic compound (10 mg zolpidem) or a placebo. Eight well-trained male endurance athletes with a maximal oxygen uptake of 63.5 +/- 3.8 ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) (mean value +/- s(x)) were selected on the basis of their sleeping habits and their physical training. Polygraphic recordings of EEG showed that both nights with partial sleep loss led to a decrease (P< 0.01) in stage 2 and rapid eye movement sleep. A delayed bedtime also led to a decrease (P < 0.05) in stage 1 sleep. Zolpidem had no effect on the different stages of sleep. During the afternoon after an experimental night, exercise was performed on a cycle ergometer. After a 10-min warm-up, the participants performed 30 min steady-state cycling at 75% VO(2-max) followed by a progressively increased workload until exhaustion. The recovery period lasted 30 min. Plasma growth hormone, prolactin, cortisol, catecholamine and lactate concentrations were measured at rest, during exercise and after recovery. The concentration of plasma growth hormone and catecholamine were not affected by partial sleep deprivation, whereas that of plasma prolactin was higher (P < 0.05) during the trial after an early awakening. Plasma cortisol was lower (P < 0.05) during recovery after both sleep deprivation conditions. Blood lactate was higher (P < 0.05) during submaximal exercise performed after both a delayed bedtime and an early awakening. Zolpidem-induced sleep did not affect the hormonal and metabolic responses to subsequent exercise. Our results demonstrate only minor alterations in the hormonal responses to exercise after partial sleep deprivation.  相似文献