A Kantian view of Suits’ Utopia: ‘a kingdom of autotelically-motivated game players’     

Francisco Javier Lopez Frias 《体育哲学杂志》2017,44(1):138-151

In this paper, I engage the debate on Suits’ theory of games by providing a Kantian view of Utopia. I argue that although the Kantian aspects of Suits’ approach are often overlooked in comparison to its Socratic-Platonic aspects, Kant’s ideas play a fundamental role in Suits’ proposal. In particular, Kant’s concept of ‘regulative idea’ is the basis of Suits’ Utopia. I regard Utopia as Suits’ regulative idea on game playing. In doing so, I take Utopia to play a double role in Suits’ theory of games. First, it highlights the primary condition of possibility of game-playing, namely, the lusory attitude. Second, it provides a normative criterion that serves as a critical principle to evaluate instances of game playing and as a counterfactual assumption that makes game playing possible. I provide further support for my Kantian interpretation of Suits’ Utopia by bringing to light the anthropological assumptions upon which Utopia is built. In doing so, I argue that both Suits’ theory of games, in general, and his Utopia, in particular, lay out the conditions of possibility of game playing, not an analysis on the life most worth living.  相似文献   

Psycho-physiological response in an automatic parachute jump     

Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez  José Juan Robles-Pérez  Jesús Fernández-Lucas 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(19):1872-1878

Parachute jump is an extreme activity that elicits an intense stress response that affects jumpers’ body systems being able to put them at risk. The present research analysed modifications in blood oxygen saturation (BOS), heart rate (HR), cortisol, glucose, lactate, creatine kinase (CK), muscles strength, cortical arousal, autonomic modulation, pistol magazine reload time (PMRT) and state anxiety before and after an automatic open parachute jump in 38 male Spanish soldiers (25.6 ± 5.9 years). A MANOVA with samples as a fixed factor and Effect Size (ES) were conducted. MANOVA showed (Wilks lambda = .225; F = 5.980; P = .000) a significantly increase in cortisol (6.2 ± 3.2 vs. 8.2 ± 4.3 nmol/l; P = .025; ES = .47), HR (75.0 ± 14.6 vs. 87.4 ± 17.3 bpm; P = .004; ES = .72), lactate (1.8 ± 1.2 vs. 4.4 ± 2.2 mmol · l^?1; P = .002; ES = 1.18), sympathetic nervous system and leg strength manifestation after the parachute jump. By contrary BOS, PMRT (55.6 ± 27.6 vs. 48.0 ± 16.7 s; P = .021; ES = .46) and somatic anxiety (SA), evaluated by CSAI2R questionnaire, decreased. An automatic parachute jump increased physiological and cortical response and decreased SA of participants. This stress response can affect the jumpers’ abilities and allow us to have a better understanding of the organism stress response and to improve training for both military and sport parachute jumps.  相似文献   

Material Weathering and Structural Damage in Historic Adobe Constructions in Spain: Preliminary Results of a Quantitative Approach     

F. Javier Gómez-Patrocinio  Camilla Mileto  Lidia García-Soriano  Fernando Vegas López-Manzanares 《文物保护研究》2020,65(8):450-464

ABSTRACT

This article presents the study of the main phenomena of material weathering and structural damage that affect traditional architecture built in adobe, analysing the damage found in 553 case studies, representative of different technical varieties of adobe construction in Spain. The analysis methodology proposed in this text made it possible to quantify and identify the risks of damage appearing, establishing its impact and identifying its main mechanisms and causes. At the same time, the behaviour of adobe construction systems was further studied, observing how specific modifications in technique can promote or hinder deterioration and establishing the probable causes of the different responses to these phenomena.  相似文献   

Is possible an eccentric overload in a rotary inertia device? Comparison of force profile in a cylinder-shaped and a cone-shaped axis devices     

F. Javier Núñez  Carlos Galiano  Alejandro Muñoz-López  Pablo Floria 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(14):1624-1628

ABSTRACT

The aims of this study were to compare the force profile of using a horizontal cylinder-shaped axis or a vertical cone-shaped axis to provide resistance in rotary inertia devices, and to report the evolution of kinetic and kinematic variables in experienced athletes during a half-squat exercise. Twenty-two healthy active men participated in the assessment of time, peak velocity, peak force, time to reach the peak force, average force, impulse, and range of movement, during a half-squat incremental test performed on conical inertial device (CP) and on cylinder inertial device (YY). The analysis showed that YY during CON-ECC phased generates substantial higher peak_force, mean_force, impulse, time, and a lower peak_velocity, than CP. We never obtained eccentric overload for peak_force or mean_force. CP offers less resistance to accelerate-decelerate the movement with respect to YY, we need checking whether eccentric overload it is being produced, and the impulse was the only kinetic variable that was able to discriminate between the inertias and devices.  相似文献   

Developing and testing of search filters for the new European Union Member States’ research     

Dan Silviu Radut  Javier Sanz‐Valero 《Health information and libraries journal》2010,27(3):227-234

Background: To develop and apply search filters retrieving the scientific output (SO) after 2000 focusing on Public Health (PH) of the new European Union (EU) Member States after the 2004 and 2007 enlargements. Methods: Twelve geographical filters (GFs) were designed and applied to retrieve references added since 2001 in medline (accessed through Pub Med ) and originated in the new EU countries. The PH area was accessed using Medical Subject Heading terms. The filters were evaluated through a manual check and the agreement/non‐agreement percentages were calculated. Results: A number of 99 912 articles revealing the total SO and 6502 articles focusing on PH were retrieved. More than 66% were published abroad and more than 80% in English. The evaluation revealed an average agreement percentage of 98.97%. The results were compared with those obtained by using simple search strategies. Conclusions: Twelve GFs applied to medline retrieved references belonging to twelve countries for a specific period of time. The evaluation of the GFs through the manual check demonstrated effectiveness of these filters. Complementary studies would be advisable to focus on the development of search filters to retrieve complete and accurate information.  相似文献   

The influence of serve characteristics on performance in men's and women's high-standard beach volleyball     

Buscà B  Moras G  Peña J  Rodríguez-Jiménez S 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(3):269-276

The precise influence of serve type and serve ball speed on beach volleyball performance is unclear. We examined the relationship between serve type and speed and their effectiveness during the 2008 Men's and Women's Open World Tour Tournament. Three hundred and seventy-eight and 375 serves performed by men and women respectively from the main draw tournament were analysed. Serve speed was recorded using a radar gun. Two expert observers recorded serve speed, serve mode, serve effectiveness and rally outcome. There was no relationship between serve speed and its effectiveness for men (r = -0.047, P > 0.05) and for women (r = -0.048, P > 0.05). However, there was a relationship between serve ball speed and its effectiveness both for men and women, when speed was categorised into three groups. There was a better balance between negative and positive outcomes at medium speeds for men and at low and high speeds for women. There was a relationship between ranking and serve ball speed only for women and between ranking and type of serve for both genders. There was no relationship between rally outcome and serve effectiveness. The combination of high ball speed and jump serve is characteristic of high ranking women but not of men.  相似文献   

Barriers that prevent the achievement of inclusive democratic education     

Juan Eduardo García-Huidobro  Javier Corvalán 《Prospects》2009,39(3):239-250

Inclusive education inherently involves the inclusion of all citizens in a democratic society. Based on this view, questions emerge with respect to equality and integration in educational systems. Although inclusion should be viewed as a requirement in a democratic society, along with the integration in schools of students from different social groups, the concept rarely becomes reality, despite its frequent acceptance in discourse. This article analyzes mechanisms that inhibit agreement on how equality and inclusion can be put into practice in education, taking as an example the case of Chile. One inhibitor is a lack of in-depth discussions about the major tendencies prevailing in contemporary educational systems. In addition, three types of segregation are linked to children’s exclusion from schools: charges for educational services, schools’ selection processes and the use of economic incentives. Finally, the article presents possible consequences of two pedagogical orientations: towards autonomous schools and flexible curriculum.  相似文献   

A comparison of extrinsic clustering evaluation metrics based on formal constraints     

Enrique Amigό  Julio Gonzalo  Javier Artiles  Felisa Verdejo 《Information Retrieval》2009,12(5):613-613

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sMOOC,Un Nuevo Modelo De Formación En El Aprendizaje Del Segundo Idioma. Estudio De Caso     

Sara Osuna-Acedo  Javier Gil-Quintana 《The American journal of distance education》2020,34(1):69-82

RESUMEN

Este artículo presenta un trabajo de investigación desarrollado en el Proyecto Europeo ECO (Elearning, Communication, Open-data). El estudio despliega un análisis de enfoque cuantitativo del sMOOC (socialMOOC) llamado “How to succeed in the English B1 Level Exam“, curso destinado a ayudar a los estudiantes a prepararse para cualquier examen de inglés, de nivel B1. El objetivo de la investigación es el análisis de las experiencias comunicativas y pedagógicas percibidas en este contexto específico, aplicadas al aprendizaje de lenguas extranjeras, en general, y al inglés como lengua extranjera, en particular. Esta línea educativa y comunicativa ha sentado las bases para el Proyecto ECO que, más allá de la formación de docentes, apuesta decididamente por una educación abierta para toda la vida. Este estudio ha sido concebido con el propósito de descubrir la valoración de los estudiantes que aprenden a través de este modelo formativo e innovador, que promueve un nuevo esquema horizontal y bidireccional de comunicación. Para reconocer esta realidad, se han analizado los datos compilados a través de la herramienta de cuestionarios incluida en el curso. Se ha llevado a cabo una investigación para la acción, ampliando el rango de innovación con nuevas prácticas pedagógicas y comunicativas en las redes sociales, consiguiendo activar una participación comprometida de los individuos como agentes culturales activos en la creación de la cibercultura del siglo XXI.  相似文献   

Evaluating the quality of websites relating to diet and eating disorders     

Guardiola-Wanden-Berghe R  Gil-Pérez JD  Sanz-Valero J  Wanden-Berghe C 《Health information and libraries journal》2011,28(4):294-301

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