Automatic laboratory-based strategy to improve the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in primary care     

Maria Salinas  Maite López-Garrigós  Emilio Flores  Maria Leiva-Salinas  Javier Lugo  Francisco J Pomares  Alberto Asencio  Miguel Ahumada  Carlos Leiva-Salinas 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2016,26(1):121-128

Introduction

To study the pre-design and success of a strategy based on the addition of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the blood samples of certain primary care patients to detect new cases of type 2 diabetes.

Materials and methods

In a first step, we retrospectively calculated the number of HbA1c that would have been measured in one year if HbA1c would have been processed, according to the guidelines of the American Diabetes Association (ADA). Based on those results we decided to prospectively measure HbA1c in every primary care patient above 45 years, with no HbA1c in the previous 3 years, and glucose concentration between 5.6-6.9 mmol/L, during an 18 months period. We calculated the number of HbA1c that were automatically added by the LIS based on our strategy, we evaluated the medical record of such subjects to confirm whether type 2 diabetes was finally confirmed, and we calculated the cost of our intervention.

Results

In a first stage, according to the guidelines, Hb1Ac should have been added to the blood samples of 13,085 patients, resulting in a cost of 14,973€. In the prospective study, the laboratory added Hb1Ac to 2092 patients, leading to an expense of 2393€. 314 patients had an HbA1c value ≥ 6.5% (48 mmol/mol). 82 were finally diagnosed as type 2 diabetes; 28 thanks to our strategy, with an individual cost of 85.4€; and 54 due to the request of HbA1c by the general practitioners (GPs), with a cost of 47.5€.

Conclusion

The automatic laboratory-based strategy detected patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care, at a cost of 85.4€ per new case.Key words: type 2 diabetes, HbA1c, diagnosis, preanalytical phase, test request appropriateness, costs, cost analysis  相似文献   

Media Archeology in Spain     

Francisco Javier Frutos  Carmen López San Segundo 《Media History》2016,22(1):1-12

Based on a carefully selected list of references in Spanish, the following text presents a brief history of the magic lantern in Spain, from its invention to the beginning of its decadence as a social medium of communication. The magic lantern emerged in the seventeenth century, with the application of a series of physical principles that allowed the first attempts and experiences of image projection, such as the one described by Juana Inés de la Cruz in Sueño, a silva strophe published in Seville in 1692. As a device, the magic lantern finally was consolidated during the last quarter of the eighteenth century, mainly due to the popular sessions of phantasmagorias, which, in Spain, were run by projectionists such as Juan González Mantilla, or Robertson himself. After the magic lantern became institutionalized and commercialized throughout the whole Iberian Peninsula—the same as in the rest of Europe—its decline took place in the last decade of the nineteenth century, when it had to compete with the cinematograph.  相似文献   

The determination of factors related to academic achievement in the university: Implications for the selection and counselling of students     

Touron  Javier 《Higher Education》1983,12(4):399-410

An initial diagnosis of some educational and psychological capacities of students on arrival at university were studied. This enabled us to find out what factors had a greater influence on academic achievement at the end of the first year. Using the techniques of multiple regression we established the optimal achievement performances expected from each of the students. Secondary school marks, the academic achievement tests and the intermediate examinations at university were the best set of predictors of academic performance. Differential aptitudes of intelligence increase considerably the accuracy of the prediction. Values of R of between 0.71 to 0.88 were reached depending on the criteria used. The usefulness of the prediction equations as a tool for increasing personalized attention to students is pointed out and a case made for the establishment of objective mechanisms for admission to higher education.

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Patterns of interaction in the processes of joint reflection by student teachers     

Teresa Mauri  Marc Clarà  Rosa Colomina  Javier Onrubia 《师资教育杂志》2017,43(4):427-443

Although some research results indicate that joint reflection can improve student-teachers’ reflection, it is not clear how the interaction between student-teachers during a joint reflection process helps this to happen. The aim of this paper is to explore how the organisation of joint activity in processes of joint reflection assists students’ reflection, by identifying patterns of joint reflection (considering all the participants rather than only tutor–student dyads) and by discussing the functional role of these patterns within the students’ processes of reflection and internalisation. Two cases of joint reflection processes between a group of student teachers (15 and 13) and their tutors were examined. In each case, five seminars lasting around one-and-a-half hours each were videotaped and analysed, and individual written reflections after each seminar were gathered and scored. Results showed that joint reflection developed in each case according to different interaction patterns, and that individual written students’ reflections improved from seminar 1 to seminar 5 in one of the cases, but not in the others. These results suggest a relationship between interaction patterns of joint reflection and progress in students’ individual reflection.  相似文献   

Supporting collaborative reflection in teacher education: a case study     

Marc Clarà  Teresa Mauri  Rosa Colomina  Javier Onrubia 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2019,42(2):175-191

The aim of this paper is to understand how certain educational supports promote preservice teachers’ learning to reflect in collaborative settings. To address this issue, we present a case study on collaborative reflection among 14 preservice teachers and one teacher educator over the course of five weekly consecutive sessions. The results suggest that collaborative reflection can be supported by organizing the process according to a twofold dynamic: from analysis to synthesis, and from open facilitation to directive facilitation. Six different types of assistance related to this dynamic, and provided by the teacher educator, are identified and qualitatively described: framing, oppositional voice, counterpoising alternatives, asking for the dilemma, problematizing, and modelling.  相似文献   

‘Analysis of leadership styles developed by teachers and administrators in technical-technological programs: the case of the Cooperative University of Colombia’     

María del Pilar Jaime Cuadros  María Pilar Cáceres Reche  Francisco Javier Hinojo Lucena 《International Journal of Leadership in Education》2018,21(1):1-16

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ZigID: Improving visibility in industrial environments by combining WSN and RFID     

Pablo García Ansola  Andrés García  Javier de las Morenas  Javier García Escribano  Francisco Javier Otamendi 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2011,12(11):849-859

The objective of this work is to provide decision-making processes with an updated/real picture of the mobile resources in industrial environments through a constant feedback of information. The combination of identification technologies and wireless sensor networks (WSN) is proposed as a key development to guarantee an accurate and timely supply of online information regarding the localization and tracking of the mobile wireless devices. This approach uses a cooperative and distributed localization system, called ZigID, which is a WSN based on a Zigbee network with radio frequency identification (RFID) active tags as end nodes. The WSN can recover not only the ID information stored at the tags attached to mobile resources, but also any other useful data captured by specific sensors for acceleration, temperature, humidity and fuel status. This paper also shows the development of ZigID, including devices and information flows, as well as its implementation in ground handling operations at the Ciudad Real Central Airport, Spain.  相似文献   

Exploring the derivative suffix frequency effect in Spanish speaking children     

Miguel Lázaro  Joana Acha  Saray de la Rosa  Seila García  Javier Sainz 《Reading and writing》2017,30(1):163-185

This study was designed to examine the developmental course of the suffix frequency effect and its role in the development of automatic morpho-lexical access. In Spanish, a highly transparent language from an orthographic point of view, this effect has been shown to be facilitative in adults, but the evidence with children is still inconclusive. A total of 90 2nd, 4th and 6th grade children performed a go/no go lexical decision task, with words containing either high or low frequency suffixes. Results showed significant main effects for grade and for derivative suffix frequency, with no interaction between both. This finding suggests that the suffix frequency effect emerges very early in reading development and that its role is well established from the beginning of reading experience, suggesting that sensitivity to suffix frequency can be a good predictor of a child’s ability to internalize orthographic regularities at an early stage. These findings are interpreted in the light of previous evidence paying special attention to orthographic transparency and morpheme regularity in Spanish language.  相似文献   

Organizational knowledge and collaborative human resource practices as determinants of innovation     

Julia?NievesEmail author  Agustín?Quintana  Javier?Osorio 《知识管理研究与实践》2016,14(3):237-245

A basic premise of the literature states that innovation depends on the ability of firms to manage knowledge. However, despite the major role of services in the economy, studies that assess the role of knowledge in innovation performance are particularly limited in this sector. Moreover, knowledge and human resource practices are intrinsically related concepts, as it is people who generate processes and refine knowledge. An empirical analysis is conducted on the role of organizational knowledge and collaborative human resource practices in innovation performance. The results show that: (i) existing knowledge in a certain domain provides a base for introducing innovations into the domain; (ii) knowledge of a more general nature favours the introduction of various types of innovation; (iii) collaborative human resource practices are an antecedent of product innovation; and (iv) development of organizational knowledge may be based on a broader perspective associated with human resource management.  相似文献   

The Identification of High Ability Students: results of a detection process in Navarra (Spain)     

Javier Tourón  Charo Repáraz  Felisa Peralta 《High Ability Studies》1999,10(2):163-181

This article focuses on the development and analysis of a two‐stage early detection process (screening and diagnostic) for high ability students carried out in the region of Navarra (Spain) on a random sample of 1,274 elementary school students. Spanish versions of the Raven Progressive Matrices (SPM), the Renzulli Scales for Rating Behavioural Characteristics of Superior Students (SRBCSS), and participants’ academic achievement were the main variables in the initial screening phase. The Spanish edition of WISC‐R, as well as the Young Children's Academic Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (Gottfried, 1986), and the Self‐concept Questionnaire (Marsh, 1988), were the main variables in the diagnostic phase. The findings of the detection process show that the WISC‐R results were incompatible with those expected in accordance with the normal distribution of IQs. Results may suggest a clear problem with scoring rules, the Spanish norms for the test, or both. These possibilities are discussed in light of the results obtained. The paramount importance of validating and developing adequate instruments for the identification of the gifted is emphasized.  相似文献