Researching Race Within Educational Psychology Contexts     

Jessica T. DeCuir-Gunby  Paul A. Schutz 《教育心理学家》2014,49(4):244-260

In this article, we question why race as a sociohistorical construct has not traditionally been investigated in educational psychology research. To do so, we provide a historical discussion of the significance of race as well as present current dilemmas in the exploration of race, including an examination of the incidence and prevalence of race-related constructs in top educational psychology journals. As a means of expanding educational psychology's use of race as a sociohistorical construct, we introduce the concepts of race-focused and race-reimaged constructs. We end the article with suggestions for how we can begin exploring race as a sociohistorical construct in the field of educational psychology, including the need to challenge traditional paradigms and embrace culturally relevant methodologies.  相似文献   

What matters in college for retaining aspiring scientists and engineers from underrepresented racial groups     

Mitchell J. Chang  Jessica Sharkness  Sylvia Hurtado  Christopher B. Newman 《科学教学研究杂志》2014,51(5):555-580

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An ecological analysis of infant neglect by adolescent mothers     

Jessica Dym Bartlett  Maryna Raskin  Chie Kotake  Kristen D. Nearing  M. Ann Easterbrooks 《Child abuse & neglect》2014

To inform efforts to prevent child neglect, we investigated a wide range of risk factors that have been largely unexamined in relation to infant neglect, the most commonly occurring form of child maltreatment. Using an ecological model of child neglect, we assessed the influence of characteristics at the level of the child, the mother, the family, and broader childrearing contexts on adolescent mothers’ likelihood of being a perpetrator in a substantiated case of neglect against their firstborn infants (n = 383, M = 12 months). Several factors were associated with infant neglect by young mothers: median block income, low infant birth weight, maternal smoking, maternal childhood history of neglect and of positive care, intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrated by either the mother or her partner, and maternal use of mental health services. In multivariate models, income, a maternal childhood history of positive care, IPV by either a mother or her partner, and mental health service usage made significant contributions to the odds that a mother neglected her infant. Our findings suggest that these factors have particular salience to policymakers’ and practitioners’ efforts to identify high risk families and to intervene during the earliest months of life to prevent child neglect.  相似文献   

Are Student Protests in Arab States Caused by Economic and Political Grievances? Empirical Evidence from the 2006–07 Arab Barometer     

M. Najeeb Shafiq  Jessica Mason  Taylor Seybolt  Kristin DeLuca 《Peabody Journal of Education》2014,89(1):141-158

We investigate the nature of protests by students (age 18 and older) in Algeria, Jordan, Morocco, and Yemen by using subsamples of students from nationally representative and acclaimed public opinion data (the 2006–07 Arab Barometer). We find between 22.1% (Jordan) and 54.7% (Yemen) participated in either the signing of petitions, or marching in street protests, or both between the years 2003–07. To explain student protest participation, we draw from the political economy literature to test four grievance-based hypotheses that link protest to student perceptions on the performance of the economy, personal family socioeconomic status, political exclusion, and preference for democracy. Ordered probit regression analyses indicate that students protest for different reasons in the four countries. We find statistical evidence that student protests are associated with grievances about the economy (Algeria and Morocco) and lack of democracy (Algeria only). Joint hypothesis tests reveal that the four grievances jointly matter in Algeria, Morocco, and Yemen but not Jordan.  相似文献   

Enhancing student learning of research methods through the use of undergraduate teaching assistants     

Jessica Crowe  Ryan Ceresola  Tony Silva 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2014,39(6):759-775

By using a quasi-experimental design, in this study, we test the effect of undergraduate teaching assistants on student learning. Data were collected from 170 students enrolled in four sections of a quantitative research methods course, two sections without undergraduate teaching assistants and two sections with undergraduate teaching assistants, over two semesters. Results indicate that having undergraduate teaching assistants in the classroom can result in higher student performance. Students in the sections with undergraduate teaching assistants earned higher grades, were more likely to pass the course with a C or higher and performed better on half of the student learning outcomes than students in the sections without an undergraduate teaching assistant. Based on the overwhelmingly positive results on student learning, we would recommend the active use of undergraduate teaching assistants in the classroom, but especially for courses that students find challenging.  相似文献   

Component processes in reading: shared and unique variance in serial and isolated naming speed     

Jessica A. R. Logan  Christopher Schatschneider 《Reading and writing》2014,27(5):905-922

Reading ability is comprised of several component processes. In particular, the connection between the visual and verbal systems has been demonstrated to play an important role in the reading process. The present study provides a review of the existing literature on the visual verbal connection as measured by two tasks, rapid serial naming and isolated (or discrete-trial) naming speed, as they relate to reading ability. For each identified study, a secondary data analysis was conducted using the provided correlations between serial naming, isolated naming, and reading. The same analysis was repeated for average population-level correlations among these constructs using meta-analytic weighting techniques. Results suggested that isolated naming acts as a suppressor variable in the relation of serial naming with reading, indicating that there exists at least one cognitive component of the serial naming task that is predictive of reading but is not shared with isolated naming speed. The effect has several implications for understanding the underlying cognitive components reading ability, which are discussed.  相似文献   

The social–emotional development of dual language learners: Looking back at existing research and moving forward with purpose     

Tamara G. Halle  Jessica Vick Whittaker  Marlene Zepeda  Laura Rothenberg  Rachel Anderson  Paula Daneri  Julia Wessel  Virginia Buysse 《Early childhood research quarterly》2014

This review describes the state of existing knowledge with regard to dual language learners’ (DLLs) social–emotional development birth to age 5. The review focuses on several widely recognized dimensions of children's social–emotional development: self-regulation, social competence, social cognition, and problem behaviors. We begin by presenting a theoretical perspective that frames our understanding of the interplay between relational and contextual factors that contribute to the social–emotional well-being of DLLs. A targeted search of the literature identified 14 peer-reviewed studies published from 2000 to 2011 that examined social–emotional outcomes for young DLLs in family, school, and peer contexts. Results suggest that DLLs have at least equal (if not better) social–emotional outcomes compared to native English speakers. There is also some evidence that the use of the home language in early childhood classrooms can be a positive, moderating factor for DLLs’ social–emotional development. Contextual and individual characteristics are highly correlated with DLL status, making it difficult to develop clear conclusions about the unique influence of DLL status on social–emotional outcomes. We conclude by identifying avenues for future inquiry.  相似文献   

Differential growth patterns in emerging reading skills of Turkish-German bilingual and German monolingual primary school students     

Christina K. Limbird  Jessica T. Maluch  Camilla Rjosk  Petra Stanat  Hans Merkens 《Reading and writing》2014,27(5):945-968

Students from Turkish-speaking families are the largest minority language group in Germany. Yet, little is known about this group’s literacy development. Using data from a 3-year longitudinal study, we examined whether the same base reading skills are involved in early reading comprehension of 100 Turkish-German bilingual and 69 German monolingual children. We applied a basic theoretical model of reading development to examine how emerging literacy develops for monolingual compared to bilingual children. Both the bilingual and monolingual children in this sample developed the investigated base reading skills at the same rate. However, the relations among phonological awareness, German vocabulary, and word decoding showed differential patterns in the development of German reading comprehension skills for the two groups: monolingual children appeared to make use of their phonological awareness skills more, whereas reading comprehension depended more on vocabulary skills for bilingual readers. Our findings indicate that bilingual emerging readers require specialized models of reading development to account for their unique routes into reading comprehension. The results of the study point to a need for increased attention to vocabulary building in the early phases of literacy acquisition for bilingual children.  相似文献   

The contributions of vocabulary and letter writing automaticity to word reading and spelling for kindergartners     

Young-Suk Kim  Stephanie Al Otaiba  Cynthia Puranik  Jessica Sidler Folsom  Luana Gruelich 《Reading and writing》2014,27(2):237-253

In the present study we examined the relation between alphabet knowledge fluency (letter names and sounds) and letter writing automaticity, and unique relations of letter writing automaticity and semantic knowledge (i.e., vocabulary) to word reading and spelling over and above code-related skills such as phonological awareness and alphabet knowledge. These questions were addressed using data from 242 English-speaking kindergartners and employing structural equation modeling. Results showed letter writing automaticity was moderately related to and a separate construct from alphabet knowledge fluency, and marginally (p = .06) related to spelling after accounting for phonological awareness, alphabet knowledge fluency, and vocabulary. Furthermore, vocabulary was positively and uniquely related to word reading and spelling after accounting for phonological awareness, alphabet knowledge fluency, and letter writing automaticity.  相似文献   

AUTHOR INDEX FOR VOLUME 38: 2007 Prepared by Assistant Editor James K. Bracken     

Chris Sterling  Jessica M. Fishman   《Communication Booknotes Quarterly》2013,44(4):260-266

PROVOCATEUR: IMAGES OF WOMEN AND MINORITIES IN ADVERTISING by Anthony J. Cortese (Lanham, MD: Rowman &; Littlefield “Postmodern Social Futures,”; 1999—$35.00/24.95, ISBN 0–8476–9174–8 hard, 0–8476–9175–6 paper, 161 pp., photographs, glossary, reference, index)

ADVERTISINQ AQE HANDBOOK OF ADVERTISING by Herschell Gordon Lewis and Carol Nelson (Lincolnwood, IL: NTC Business Books, 1999—$39.95, ISBN 0–8442–3670–5, 228 pp., photographs, appendices, index)

TELECOMMUNICATIONS GUIDE TO THE INTERNET by Jeffrey K. MacKie‐Mason and Christopher Lee (Rockville, MD: Government Institutes “Internet Series,”; 1999—$59.00, paper, ISBN 0–86587–601–0, 241 pp., index)

MEDIA LITERACY ONLINE PROJECT [website] (http://www.interact.uore‐gon.edu/MediaLit/HomePage)

AD WORLDS: BRANDS, MEDIA, AND AUDIENCES by Greg Myers (London and New York: Arnold, 1999—$60.00/19.95, ISBN 0–340–70006–8 hard, 0–340–70007–6 paper, 246 pp., photos, references, index, charts, glossary, tables, illustrations)

LEGAL INFORMATION: HOW TO FIND IT, HOW TO USE IT by Kent C. Olson (Phoenix, AZ: Oryx Press, 1999—price not given, paper, ISBN 0–89774–963–4, 333 pp., tables, index)

THE COPYRIGHT BOOK: A PRACTICAL GUIDE by William S. Strong (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999 [5th ed.]—$34.95, ISBN 0–262–19419–8, 376 pp., appendices, endnotes, index)

THE FATHER OF SPIN: EDWARD L. BERNAYS &; THE BIRTH OF PUBLIC RELATIONS by Larry Tye (New York: Crown Publishers, 1998—$27.50, ISBN 0–517–70435–8, 306 pp., photographs, notes, bibliography, index)

JAHRESBIBLIOGRAPHIE MASSENKOMMUNIKATION 1997/ANNUAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MASS COMMUNICATION 1997 compiled by Wilbert Ubbens (Berlin: Wissenschaftsverlag Volker Spiess, 1999—no price available, ISBN 3–89166–486–9, 446 pp., personal name, title, and corporate name indexes)  相似文献