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51.
Wilson C Simpson SE van Emmerik RE Hamill J 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2008,7(1):2-9
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of skill of expert triple jumpers on the coordination variability of lower extremity intra-limb couplings. In contrast to the traditional motor learning perspective, we hypothesized that as skill and thus performance increases, movement coordination variability will also increase. Three-dimensional kinematic and ground reaction force data were collected during the hop-step transition phase of the triple jump. Relative motion plots and a modified vector coding technique were used to quantify the coordination variability across the trials. The results were consistent with a U-shaped curve, representing coordination variability, as skill increases. The high coordination variability in less skilled athletes is present while the appropriate characteristics defining the movement coordination patterns are acquired. This coordination variability may not be beneficial to performance. As the refinement of these characteristics is achieved, coordination variability decreases, resulting in a more consistent or regulated performance. In the final stages of developing a skilled performance, a functional variability is accessed that brings flexibility to the system allowing it to cope with perturbations. This study highlights the need to address the learning effect when analysing coordination variability from a dynamical systems perspective. 相似文献
52.
Renáta Tichá Christine A. Espin Miya Miura Wayman 《Learning disabilities research & practice》2009,24(3):132-142
The validity and reliability of curriculum‐based measures in reading as indicators of performance and progress for secondary‐school students were examined. Thirty‐five grade 8 students completed reading aloud and maze‐selection measures weekly for 10 weeks. Criterion measures were the state standards test in reading and the Woodcock–Johnson III Test of Achievement. Different time frames for each measure were compared. Most alternate‐form reliability coefficients were above .80. Criterion‐related validity coefficients ranged from .77 to .89. No differences related to time were found. Only maze selection reflected significant growth, with an average increase of 1.29 correct choices per week. Maze growth was related to the reading performance level and to change on the Woodcock–Johnson III from pre‐ to posttest. 相似文献
53.
A.F. Zahm 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1948,245(4):331-336
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Elizabeth A. Geiser 《Publishing Research Quarterly》1997,13(3):110-117
This article is an overview of the development of education for publishing programs in the U.S. Information and addresses
for the main introductory summer programs, the continuing education programs, the degree-granting Masters Programs, and a
selection of organizations outside the United States offering courses in publishing are included in the article. 相似文献
60.
Joy A. Frechtling 《Educational Measurement》1991,10(4):23-25
What are the advantages of performance assessment? What are the risks of employing only performance assessments in large-scale testing programs? 相似文献