Development of an Empirically Based Questionnaire to Investigate Young Students' Ideas About Nature of Science     

Sufen Chen  Wen‐Hua Chang  Sang‐Chong Lieu  Huey‐Lien Kao  Mao‐Tsai Huang  Shu‐Fen Lin 《科学教学研究杂志》2013,50(4):408-430

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An investigation of Taiwanese high school students’ science learning self-efficacy in relation to their conceptions of learning science     

Tzung-Jin Lin  Chin-Chung Tsai 《Research in Science & Technological Education》2013,31(3):308-323

Background: Past studies have shown significant associations between students’ conceptions of learning science and their science learning self-efficacy. However, in most of the studies, students’ science learning self-efficacy has often been measured by a singular scale.

Purpose: Extending the findings of these studies, the present study adopted a multi-dimensional instrument to assess Taiwanese high school students’ science learning self-efficacy and investigate the relationships with their conceptions of learning science.

Sample: A total of 488 Taiwanese high school students (265 male and 223 female) were invited to participate in this survey.

Design and method: All the participants responded to the Conceptions of Learning Science (COLS) questionnaire regarding ‘Memorizing’, ‘Testing’, ‘Calculating and practicing’, ‘Increase of knowledge’, ‘Applying’ and ‘Understanding and seeing in a new way’ and the Science Learning Self-Efficacy (SLSE) instrument, including ‘Conceptual understanding’, ‘Higher-Order cognitive skills’, ‘Practical work’, ‘Everyday application’ and ‘Science communication’.

Results: The path analysis results derived from the structural equation modeling method indicated that, of all five SLSE dimensions, the ‘Understanding and seeing in a new way’ COLS displayed as a positive predictor, while the ‘Testing’ COLS was a significant negative predictor. The ‘Applying’ COLS item can only positively contribute to the SLSE dimensions of ‘Higher-Order thinking skills’, ‘Everyday application’ and ‘Science Communication’.

Conclusions: In general, students in strong agreement with learning science as understanding and seeing in a new way or the application of learned scientific knowledge are prone to possess higher confidence in learning science. However, students who consider learning science in terms of preparing for tests and examinations tend to hold lower science learning self-efficacy.  相似文献   

Generational differences in online safety perceptions,knowledge, and practices     

Mengtian Jiang  Hsin-yi Sandy Tsai  Shelia R. Cotten  Nora J. Rifon  Robert LaRose  Saleem Alhabash 《Educational gerontology》2013,39(9):621-634

ABSTRACT

As Internet usage has proliferated in recent years so have online security threats. Internet users are increasingly susceptible to online security threats. Using a qualitative approach, this study conducted 18 focus groups to examine how three different generations perceive online safety, use coping strategies, and protect themselves online: Silent and GI generation (SGI) (born 1945 or earlier), older Baby Boomers (1946–1954), and Millennials (1977–1992). Results show that although each generation shares a variety of online safety concerns, SGIs and Boomers are more suspicious about online security, have less confidence in their abilities, are uncertain about the effectiveness of protection resources, perform fewer protection behaviors, and are more likely to rely on others’ assistance compared to the Millennial group. Our findings indicate online safety training is needed for all three generations, but especially for older adults. Tailored approaches are suggested to reach different generations.  相似文献   

On-line learning performance and computer anxiety measure for unemployed adult novices using a grey relation entropy method     

Jyh-Rong Chou  Hung-Cheng Tsai 《Information processing & management》2009

On-line learning is an asynchronous computer-based learning mode that allows learners to learn anytime and anywhere in their own environment using information and communication technology. It can be considered as a way to bridge the digital gap. How a computer novice performs in such virtual and asynchronous learning environments is an interesting issue in human–computer interaction research. This paper presents the results of a study to investigate on-line learning performance and computer anxiety for unemployed adult novices. In this study, we propose a novel idea that integrates the concept of Shannon entropy into a grey relational analysis model. The proposed method was used to measure human information behavior in relation to on-line learning performance and computer anxiety. A total of 115 unemployed adults voluntarily participated in the experimental study. All experimental subjects were divided into groups according to individual differences in gender, age ranges, educational levels, and learning performances. Taking advantage of the grey relation entropy operation, we derived the perceptive correlations among different classified groups in terms of the accessibility of on-line learning and computer anxiety scales, respectively. Through the empirical study, certain on-line learning characteristics were also identified.  相似文献   

Finite-time stabilization of memristor-based inertial neural networks with discontinuous activations and distributed delays     

Leimin Wang  Zhigang Zeng  Xiaofeng Zong  Ming-Feng Ge 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(6):3628-3643

In this paper, the finite-time stabilization problem for memristor-based inertial neural networks (MINNs) with discontinuous activations (DAs) and distributed delays is investigated. To deal with the discontinuous property of the MINNs, the nonsmooth analysis theory is invoked. Furthermore, to simplify the MINNs with second-order state derivative, an order-reduced method is adopted. Then the second-order MINNs is transformed into a simpler first-order differential system. Moreover, the verifiable algebraic criteria are derived for the finite-time stabilization of MINNs with DAs and distributed delays under the designed control approach. Finally, the effectiveness of the obtained results are illustrated via numerical simulations.  相似文献   

Formation-containment control for multi-robot systems with two-layer leaders via hierarchical controller–estimator algorithms     

Xiang-Yu Yao  Hua-Feng Ding  Ming-Feng Ge 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2018,355(12):5272-5290

This paper studies the formation-containment control for multi-robot systems with two-layer leaders in the presence of parametric uncertainties, input disturbances and directed interaction topologies. To cope with the aforementioned issues, we establish a novel formation-containment control framework, where the analysis of the systems is carried out step by step. A hierarchical controller–estimator (HCE) algorithm, containing distributed sliding-mode estimators in each sub-algorithm, is proposed for the two-layer leaders system. Moreover, by invoking finite-time stable and input-to-state stable theories, the sufficient conditions for convergence of the proposed HCE algorithm are presented. Finally, numerous simulations are performed to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical results.  相似文献   

社交媒体用户隐私悖论行为影响因素初探   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

谢兴政  蔡念中  黄志铭  魏武 《图书情报工作》2018,62(18):55-63

[目的/意义]频繁的隐私被社交媒体泄露,导致用户对自身的信息安全产生了一定的担忧,因此,用户表现出隐私悖论行为。社交媒体用户的隐私悖论行为的形成因素是值得探讨的议题。[方法/过程]以调节定向理论和调节匹配理论为基础,构建社交媒体用户的隐私悖论行为产生的研究模型,包含感知次级控制、侵犯隐私经验、集体主义倾向、社交媒体信任度以及隐私顾虑等因素。同时,通过网络问卷的方式,对社交媒体用户进行调研及分析。[结果/结论]通过对394个样本的分析,发现用户的感知次级控制和集体主义对社交媒体信任度有正向促进作用,进而驱动用户的社交媒体契合行为;而用户的隐私侵犯经验会影响其隐私顾虑,从而激发用户隐私保护行为。  相似文献   

IDENTIFYING SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ MISCONCEPTIONS ABOUT STATISTICAL CORRELATION, AND THEIR POSSIBLE CAUSES: AN EXPLORATORY STUDY USING CONCEPT MAPPING WITH INTERVIEWS     

Tzu-Chien Liu  Yi-Chun Lin  Chin-Chung Tsai 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2009,7(4):791-820

Correlation is an essential concept in statistics; however, students may hold misconceptions about correlation, even after receiving instruction. This study aimed to elucidate (1) the misconceptions held by senior high school students about correlation, using the tool of concept mapping along with interviewing, (2) the possible causes of these misconceptions, and (3) the effectiveness, advantages, and limitations of the adopted concept mapping using an interviewing technique for identifying student misconceptions. Twenty-five grade-12 students who had received tuition on correlation were the subjects of this study. Concept mapping through interviewing was used to collect and analyze data in order to identify the subjects’ misconceptions, and their possible causes. The major study results are as follows. (1) Seven misconceptions about correlation were detected. Of these seven misconceptions, five were newly discovered by this study, while the other two are similar to those found by previous studies. Each of the seven misconceptions was held by 20–68% of the subjects, showing their prevalence and significance. (2) Four major factors related to the development of misconceptions about correlation were identified: learning materials, language, daily-life experiences, and existing mathematical concepts. (3) The concept mapping through the interviewing technique adopted in this study was effective in detecting misconceptions about statistics, especially in revealing new misconceptions, and it was also helpful in exploring their possible causes. However, tremendous effort and the time consumed are the major limitations of this technique. (4) The paper concluded by providing some recommendations for researchers and educators.  相似文献   

Exploring benchmark corporations in the semiconductor industry based on efficiency     

Chia-Han Tsai  Hung-Yi Wu  I-Shuo Chen  Jui-Kuei Chen  Rih-Wei Ye 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2017,28(2):188-207

The aim of this study is to explore benchmark corporations in the semiconductor industry based on efficiency. In this study, perspectives of intellectual capital and corporate governance are taken into account for the input data, whereas firm value is considered as the output data. Data envelope analysis (DEA), including CCR and BCC models, is utilized to ensure that the benchmark standards are precisely selected. Based on the result, suggestions for both semiconductor corporations and future research are provided at the end of this article.  相似文献   

Overcoming Junior High School Students' Misconceptions About Microscopic Views of Phase Change: A Study of an Analogy Activity   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Tsai  Chin-Chung 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》1999,8(1):83-91

This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of an analogy activity, which was designed to overcome junior high students' misconceptions about the microscopic views of phase change. Eighty Taiwanese 8th graders were randomly assigned to either a control group or an experimental group. For the control group, the subjects were instructed through traditional teaching whereas for the experimental group, an analogy activity was conducted on students. This specific analogy activity was presented in the form of role-playing in which students acted as particles and worked together to perform the conditions of phase changes. Through analyzing these students' drawings of the atom arrangements for the three states of some substances, it was found that the students of experimental group, though in many cases, did not perform statistically better than did those of control group in an immediate posttest. The comparisons of a delay test between these two groups indicated that the analogy activity had clearly positive impacts on students' conceptual change on these scientific concepts in terms of long-term observations.  相似文献