LISTENING: AN EXPLORATION OF PHILOSOPHICAL TRADITIONS     

Sophie Haroutunian‐Gordon  Megan J. Laverty 《Educational theory》2011,61(2):117-124

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Parental sensitivity and attachment in children with autism spectrum disorder: comparison with children with mental retardation, with language delays, and with typical development     

van Ijzendoorn MH  Rutgers AH  Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ  Swinkels SH  van Daalen E  Dietz C  Naber FB  Buitelaar JK  van Engeland H 《Child development》2007,78(2):597-608

This study on sensitivity and attachment included 55 toddlers and their parents. Samples included children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), mental retardation, language delay, and typical development. Children were diagnosed at 4 years of age. Two years before diagnosis, attachment was assessed with the Strange Situation procedure, and parental sensitivity and child involvement during free play were assessed with the Emotional Availability Scale. Parents of children with ASD were equally sensitive as parents of children without ASD, but their children showed more attachment disorganization and less child involvement. More sensitive parents had more secure children, but only in the group without ASD. Less severe autistic symptoms in the social domain predicted more attachment security. Autism challenges the validity of attachment theory.  相似文献   

科学资源对公众科学兴趣的贡献(上)          下载免费PDF全文

约翰·H·福尔克  科特·帕蒂森  大卫·麦耶大卫·毕贝斯  凯瑟琳·利文斯顿著  杨玉娟译 《自然科学博物馆研究》2019,(3):78-85

学校、科学中心、电视媒体、纸质媒体及网络是五种主要的公共科学教育资源。本研究以美国三座大城市的3000名成人为样本,调查了以上资源对公众科学兴趣的价值及认知倾向的作用。通过文献回顾,确定了以成人现在的科学兴趣价值观和认知倾向与其现在和过去使用相关科学资源的关系为研究目标,通过对洛杉矶、凤凰城和费城家庭样本使用CATI随机抽样得到的数据,采用主成分分析法得出最终问卷,并开展了相关人口统计学变量分析。  相似文献   

科学资源对公众科学兴趣的贡献(下)          下载免费PDF全文

约翰·H·福尔克  科特·帕蒂森  大卫·麦耶大卫·毕贝斯  凯瑟琳·利文斯顿著  杨玉娟 《自然科学博物馆研究》2019,(4):74-81

学校、科学中心、广播媒体、纸质媒体及互联网是五种主要的公共科学教育资源。本研究以美国三座大城市的3000名成人为样本,调查了以上资源对公众科学兴趣的价值及认知倾向的作用。下篇展示了如下调查结果:有五种经历对预测成年后的科学兴趣、价值及认知倾向具有特殊重要性,即青少年早期参观科学中心;青少年早期观看科学类电视节目;成年后参观科学中心;成年后阅读科学类书籍杂志;成年后使用互联网学习科学。本文同时讨论了自我选择、经历的质量以及科学学习生态系统的复杂性和协同性。  相似文献   

Neoliberalism,new public management and the sustainable development agenda of higher education: history,contradictions and synergies     

Sophie E.F. Bessant  Zoe P. Robinson  R. Mark Ormerod 《Environmental Education Research》2015,21(3):417-432

This paper explores the ideological and the practical relationship between neoliberalism and New Public Management (NPM) and the sustainable development agenda of western higher education. Using the United Kingdom and specifically English universities as an example, it investigates the contradictions and the synergies between neoliberal and NPM ideologies and the pursuit and practice of the sustainability agenda, focusing in particular on education for sustainable development (ESD) and ESD research. This paper reveals a range of challenges and opportunities in respect of advancing sustainability in higher education, within the prevailing neoliberal context. It illustrates using examples how neoliberal and managerialist control mechanisms, which govern institutional, departmental and individual academic, as well as student behaviour, are working conversely to both drive and limit the sustainability education agenda. The case is made for further exploration of how ‘nudging’ and ‘steering’ mechanisms within English HE might provide further leverage for ESD developments in the near future, and the implications of this for sustainability educators.  相似文献   

The contribution of science‐rich resources to public science interest          下载免费PDF全文

John H. Falk  Scott Pattison  David Meier  David Bibas  Kathleen Livingston 《科学教学研究杂志》2018,55(3):422-445

This preliminary study examined the effect that five major sources of public science education—schools, science centers, broadcast media, print media, and the Internet—had on adults' science interest values and cognitive predispositions. Over 3,000 adults were sampled in three U.S. metropolitan areas: Los Angeles, California, Phoenix, Arizona, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. To minimize potential sampling bias, the results were weighted by current U.S. Census data to be comparable to demographics from each of the three jurisdictions. Participants were asked to self‐report their current and early adolescent usage of these five science‐related resources, the quality of their experiences with each, and their current abilities, values, and cognitive predispositions relative to science. Data showed that overall, a broad cross‐section of adults living in these cities engaged in a wide array of science‐related activities and that large majorities did so frequently. Nearly two‐thirds of all respondents self‐reported currently participating in some kind of science‐related activity every week and nearly half doing so daily. Results suggested that having frequent; positive science‐related experiences in‐ and out‐of‐school, both early and later in life, correlated with having a strong interest in and positive perception of science as an adult. Although a diversity of positive science‐related experiences correlated with current adult science interest values and cognitive predispositions, only five factors uniquely and significantly predicted adult science interest, values, and cognitive predispositions in the multivariate models: (a) early adolescent experiences visiting a science center, (b) early adolescent experiences watching science‐related television, (c) adult visits to a science center, (d) adults reading books and magazines about science, and (e) adults using the internet to learn more about science. Discussed are issues of self‐selection, quality of experiences, and the complex and synergistic nature of the science learning ecosystem.  相似文献   

Rating and rewarding higher education for sustainable development research within the marketised higher education context: experiences from English universities     

Sophie E. F. Bessant  Zoe P. Robinson 《Environmental Education Research》2019,25(4):548-565

This paper explores one key aspect of marketisation in English universities, the quality-related research funding (QR) system, which central government in the United Kingdom uses to allocate funds to Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), based on a system of reviewing and rating the ‘quality’ of research at different HEIs. Specifically, it focuses on the experiences of 30 members of academic staff from eight universities across England who were engaged in research and/or scholarly activity in the broad field of Higher Education for Sustainable Development (HESD), during the time leading up to the 2014 Research Excellence Framework (REF) submission period. Interviewees were asked to talk about their experiences of being a HESD researcher/scholar within the context of the QR system and their perceptions of the relationship between the QR system and interdisciplinary, sustainability, pedagogic and HESD research. Findings from the semi-structured interviews and resulting qualitative analysis, reveal a number of obstacles facing HESD researchers which are outlined and explored in the paper. Strategies and rationale for improving the quality, reputation and ultimately, the ‘REF-ability’ of HESD research are discussed, and highlight the complex interface between marketisation and sustainability in higher education.  相似文献   

A case study of the lasting impacts of employment in a development through sport,recreation and the arts programme for Aboriginal youth     

Sophie Gartner-Manzon 《Sport in Society》2016,19(2):159-173

In this article, we explore if/how working for Alberta’s Future Leaders Program (AFL) in Alberta, Canada, had a lasting impact on former employees. Based on interviews with 15 youth workers and one arts mentor, we found the following: (1) by being involved in AFL, the staff members increased their awareness of racism’s and colonialism’s impacts; (2) they learned to challenge stereotypes; and (3) they gained a strong employment trajectory. As a result, they (4) believed that they reaped more benefits from AFL involvement than the programme’s intended beneficiaries. While these findings are troubling in that relatively privileged people may be the programme’s main beneficiaries, which serves to reaffirm and reinforce their privilege, they also show that domestic sport for development programmes can sensitize both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal employees to issues pertaining to racism and colonialism, they have the potential to develop ‘allies’ and also to yield outcomes similar to involvement in international sport for development programmes.  相似文献   

Developing a generic tool to routinely measure the impact of health libraries          下载免费PDF全文

Stephen Ayre  Alison Brettle  Dominic Gilroy  Douglas Knock  Rebecca Mitchelmore  Sophie Pattison  Susan Smith  Jenny Turner 《Health information and libraries journal》2018,35(3):227-245

Background

Health libraries contribute to many activities of a health care organisation. Impact assessment needs to capture that range of contributions.

Objectives

To develop and pilot a generic impact questionnaire that: (1) could be used routinely across all English NHS libraries; (2) built on previous impact surveys; and (3) was reliable and robust.

Methods

This collaborative project involved: (1) literature search; (2) analysis of current best practice and baseline survey of use of current tools and requirements; (3) drafting and piloting the questionnaire; and (4) analysis of the results, revision and plans for roll out.

Findings

The framework selected was the International Standard Methods And Procedures For Assessing The Impact Of Libraries (ISO 16439). The baseline survey (n = 136 library managers) showed that existing tools were not used, and impact assessment was variable. The generic questionnaire developed used a Critical Incident Technique. Analysis of the findings (n = 214 health staff and students), plus comparisons with previous impact studies indicated that the questionnaire should capture the impact for all types of health libraries.

Conclusions

The collaborative project successfully piloted a generic impact questionnaire that, subject to further validation, should apply to many types of health library and information services.  相似文献   

Profiling the Audience for Self-Transcendent Media: A National Survey     

Arthur A. Raney  Sophie H. Janicke  Mary Beth Oliver  Katherine R. Dale  Robert P. Jones  Daniel Cox 《Mass Communication and Society》2018,21(3):296-319

This article reports the findings from a national survey of self-transcendent (or inspiring) media audience members in the United States. Exposure to self-transcendent content is socially significant because, theoretically, it can orient users toward matters beyond themselves, ultimately promoting connections with others and altruistic behaviors. However, to date, little is known about the daily audiences for such fare. Four primary questions guided the investigation: (a) What are the media sources and contents identified as “inspiring” by the audience? (b) Who makes up the current U.S. audience for self-transcendent media content? (c) What personality traits and viewer characteristics are associated with self-transcendent media consumption? and (d) What prosocial and altruistic behaviors are associated with self-transcendent media consumption? To address these questions, a nationally representative survey (n = 3,006) was conducted. The findings are discussed in relation to the growing body of scholarship on positive media psychology.  相似文献