Symptomatology in adolescents following initial disclosure of sexual abuse: The roles of crisis support, appraisals and coping     

Sarah Bal  Geert Crombez  Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij  Paulette Van Oost 《Child abuse & neglect》2009,33(10):717-727

ObjectiveThe present study examined possible explanations for symptom development and variability in sexually abused adolescents. A theoretical model of sexual abuse, in which appraisal, coping and crisis support play prominent roles, was tested in a clinical group of 100 sexually abused adolescents.MethodParticipants, aged 12–18 years, completed questionnaires regarding severity of abuse, negative appraisals, crisis support, coping strategies, and trauma-related stress symptoms.ResultsSince severity of abuse had no influence on the association between appraisals and symptoms it was eliminated from our model. Structural equation modeling analyses showed a significant interrelationship between the examined concepts. Adolescents who appraised the abuse as more threatening showed more internalizing and externalizing trauma symptoms. Moreover, more negative appraisals were associated with more avoidance as well as with more active coping strategies. Direct crisis support was associated with less negative appraisals and with the use of more active coping strategies.ConclusionsThe study showed that especially the buffering role of crisis support and the role of negative appraisals explained symptom development and variety in sexually abused adolescents.Practice implicationsAdaptation to sexual abuse includes the ways in which adolescents perceive the event as threatening and harmful, how they cope with the abusive experience, and how they receive direct support from their family. Clinicians, therefore, need to expand the focus of their assessments beyond age- and trauma-specific symptoms, to age- and trauma-specific appraisals, coping, and social support. The assessment of these factors should take place as soon as possible after the disclosure of the abuse. Individualized treatment plans and clinical interventions need to be based on these personal and environmental variables, rather than reliance on the influence of abuse-related characteristics, such as the severity or type of abuse.  相似文献   

The impact of goal orientation, self-reflection and personal characteristics on the acquisition of oral presentation skills   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Luc De Grez  Martin Valcke  Irene Roozen 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2009,24(3):293-306

Although many educators help others to develop oral presentation skills, little research is available to direct the instructional design activities of these educators. In the present article an explorative study on university freshman is described, in which goal-setting, self-reflection, and several characteristics of the subjects during oral presentations were analysed. The research results emphasize the critical impact of motivational constructs, such as self-efficacy and goal orientation, next to the topic of the oral presentation on the acquisition of oral presentation skills.  相似文献   

Another way to think about the work we do: counselling for work and relationship     

Mary Sue Richardson 《International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance》2009,9(2):75-84

Counselling for work and relationship is proposed as another way of thinking about vocational psychology and vocational guidance. It can contribute to the search for a new paradigm for these fields. Central to this way of thinking are two shifts. A shift from a discourse about career to a discourse about work, and a shift to expand the focus of attention beyond the occupational domain to include multiple social contexts of work and relationship across both occupational and personal domains of life. The ways in which these shifts are responsive to theoretical and social contexts is considered.  相似文献   

Marking and moderation in the UK: false assumptions and wasted resources   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

Sue Bloxham 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2009,34(2):209-220

This article challenges a number of assumptions underlying marking of student work in British universities. It argues that, in developing rigorous moderation procedures, we have created a huge burden for markers which adds little to accuracy and reliability but creates additional work for staff, constrains assessment choices and slows down feedback to students. In this under‐researched area of higher education, the article will explore whether there are other ways to provide confidence in marking and grading. These might divert this energy into productive activities with useful outcomes for students and learning.  相似文献   

Comparative study of the evaluation of professional competencies by experienced and trainee Spanish primary teachers     

A. De Juanas Oliva  P. Fernández Lozano  R. Martín del Pozo  M. González Ballesteros  E. Pesquero Franco  E. Sánchez Martín 《欧洲师范教育杂志》2009,32(4):437-454

Taking as reference the proposals of the European Higher Education Area, the aim of this study is to identify the competencies which a wide sample of teachers in Spanish primary schools (6–12 age group) consider to be important for their professional performance and which they use in their everyday teaching, and to what extent their university training prepared them for their practising professional development. To do this, an ad hoc instrument was devised and applied to experienced practising teachers and to teacher trainees who were on teacher training placements during the last semester of their course. The results of the study show that initial teacher training should deal in depth with the competencies related to the organisation and management of teaching–learning, the use of new technologies in the primary classroom, the involvement of the families, education in values, social skills and skills for working in professional groups. Finally, proposals are made for training based on the articulation between theory and practice, to allow the professional competencies mentioned to be developed and used in practice, as well as encouraging close collaboration between teacher trainers and experienced practising teachers.  相似文献   

Disclosure of information by children in social networking—Not just a case of “you show me yours and I’ll show you mine”     

Zaineb De Souza  Geoffrey N. Dick 《International Journal of Information Management》2009

This paper reports the results of a study of MySpace use, by Sydney high school children. It examines the reasons why children disclose information on the website and their understanding of some of the privacy issues involved. The study provides a useful beginning for further work in this area. Regression is used to validate a proposed model of the factors influencing information disclosure and cluster analysis provides an indication of characteristics shared by children who disclose sensitive information, such as name, address and telephone number. It also suggests that children who are taught to value privacy are less likely to disclose sensitive information on-line.  相似文献   

Online partitioning method for decentralized control of linear switching large-scale systems     

Wicak Ananduta  Tomás Pippia  Carlos Ocampo-Martinez  Joris Sijs  Bart De Schutter 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2019,356(6):3290-3313

A novel partitioning approach for linear switching large-scale systems is presented. We assume that the modes of the switching system are unknown a priori but can be detected. We propose an online partitioning scheme that can partition the system when the mode switches, thus adapting the partition to the mode. Moreover, after the system has been partitioned, we apply a decentralized state-feedback control scheme to stabilize the system. We also apply a dwell time stability scheme to prove that the closed-loop system remains stable even after both the mode and partition changes. The proposed approach is illustrated by means of an automatic generation control problem related to frequency deviation regulation in a large-scale power network.  相似文献   

甘肃省河西地区自然-社会系统脆弱性评价     

周苏娥  张明军  王圣杰  孙美平 《资源科学》2018,40(2):452

脆弱性是全球环境变化和区域可持续发展研究中的重点内容与热点问题。本文基于脆弱性评价模型、因子贡献度模型和熵权法,通过构建自然-社会系统脆弱性评价体系,定量分析了甘肃省河西地区各乡镇的自然-社会系统的暴露度、敏感性、适应能力和脆弱性,以及各指标和各要素层对自然-社会系统脆弱性的贡献度。研究结果表明：①甘肃省河西地区中度、较高度和高度脆弱性区域占河西地区总面积的70.85%,脆弱程度高;②河西地区南部高海拔山区的脆弱性明显高于北部低海拔地区;③从三大内陆河流域来看,疏勒河流域脆弱性的程度最高,黑河流域次之,石羊河流域最低;④河西地区以自然适应能力、社会经济敏感性、自然敏感性和自然暴露度为主要贡献因子的地区分别占河西面积的91.77%、87.23%、67.85%和56.53%,降低河西地区自然适应能力、社会经济敏感性、自然敏感性和自然暴露度是降低脆弱性的关键所在。  相似文献   

Innovation intermediaries and collaboration: Knowledge–based practices and internal value creation     

Muthu De Silva  Jeremy Howells  Martin Meyer 《Research Policy》2018,47(1):70-87

This paper analyses how knowledge-based practices adopted by innovation intermediaries enable them to generate value for themselves when collaborating with their clients. While the literature focuses on value creation for their client organisations, little is known about how innovation intermediaries create internal value even though this is essential for ensuring their long-term survival and sustaining their key facilitating role in the innovation system. This understudied issue is explored using empirical evidence from a sub-set of innovation intermediaries, Research and Technology Organisations (RTOs). The results indicate that by capitalising on existing knowledge vested in employees and collaborators as well as understanding and shaping the knowledge base of the innovation ecosystem, innovation intermediaries generate internal value from their involvement in collaborative innovation, which range from different financial to non-financial types of value. Implications for intermediaries, their collaborators and for policymakers are then discussed.  相似文献   

The role of collaborative networks in supporting the innovation performances of lagging-behind European regions     

Ivan De Noni  Luigi Orsi  Fiorenza Belussi 《Research Policy》2018,47(1):1-13

In rapidly changing regional economies, less innovative European regions (henceforth referred to as lagging-behind regions) must actively work to reduce the gap between them and knowledge-intensive regions. Recent literature has stressed that the lack of efficient institutional settings reduces the opportunities of local knowledge spillover and increases the need for local organisations to exploit collaborative networks to better support their innovation performance. In this light, since increasing attention has recently been directed at the role of inter-regional collaborations, we have measured the capacity of local innovative organisations embedded in lagging-behind European regions to develop internal and external regional inventors’ networks by exploring their collaborative patenting processes. Then, a seven-year panel dataset (2002–2008) was organised using patents data at a regional level to validate the research hypothesis that collaborations, and specifically with highly innovative (knowledge-intensive) regions, positively affect the innovation performances of lagging-behind regions. Finally, the implications of EU policies for supporting lagging-behind regions are discussed.  相似文献