A knock to the system: A new sociotechnical systems approach to sport-related concussion     

Amanda Clacy  Natassia Goode  Rachael Sharman  Geoff P. Lovell  Paul M. Salmon 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(22):2232-2239

Broader contextual factors that influence concussion management have tended to be overlooked. To address this, the present study used a sociotechnical systems approach to identify perceived responsibilities and applied strategies for three domains of concussion management (i.e., prevention, identification and treatment). Participants were 118 members of the community rugby union system in Australia (69.2% male). Participants from throughout the rugby system (e.g., players, parents, coaches, club management) were asked open-ended questions about their perceived responsibilities and the strategies they use for concussion management. It was found that (a) proper training, technique correction and education were recurrent prevention themes; (b) the majority of key stakeholders felt that they could consistently identify concussion; however, medical aids (medics) were the only system actors who stated a responsibility to use standardised concussion assessment measures and (c) less than one third of the respondents indicated their involvement in treating concussion. This study identifies specific junctures in the system that prevents effective concussion management strategies. A sociotechnical systems approach improves the understanding of concussion prevention, and management beliefs and behaviours.  相似文献   

An analysis of the nature of classroom activities: A comparative study of an immersion English class and a non-immersion English class in the mainland of China     

Xiaohua Liang 《Frontiers of Education in China》2011,6(2):310-330

This study was designed to investigate the nature of activities in an immersion English class and a non-immersion English class in the mainland of China, and to find out the differences between these two types of class through data gained from observation and interviews. Spoken discourse analysis was used to analyze the data, where Engeström??s activity complex system was used as the analytical framework to examine the nature of activities in the two types of classes. The results showed that it is the dynamic and situated nature of activity that makes a difference between the activities in these two classes. The interaction among the activity components, the social relations emerging through the process, the use of target language as the main mediational tool, and the subject content revealed in the activities enhance our emic understanding of the nature of activities. Implications can be drawn for English language teaching and for students?? English language learning for the schools in the mainland of China. This study contributes to both immersion education and classroom interaction.  相似文献   

刑事诉讼各阶段证据能力审查判断的思维路径     

廖祥正 《重庆电子工程职业学院学报》2011,(4):57-59

对刑事证据能力的审查判断不仅发生在庭审阶段,还发生在侦查阶段和审查起诉阶段。证据"三性"的不同质性和相对独立性为证据调查者遵循一定的思维路径以便审查判断证据能力提供了可能。侦查人员需要遵循的思维路径为:关联性——可印证性——合法性,且主要考虑关联性和可印证性。检察人员也需遵循该路径,但认定合法性时更为严格;而审判人员则需遵循"合法性——关联性——可印证性"的路径。  相似文献   

The Coming Law School Bubble     

Michael I. Krauss 《Academic Questions》2011,24(2):167-171

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权利法哲学视野中的体育腐败及其治理原则     

兰薇  姜世波 《北京体育大学学报》2017,40(12):25-29

摘要：针对体育腐败现象，主要通过文献资料法，从权利法哲学视角对体育腐败的定义、本质及其治理原则进行法理解读，目的在于揭示体育领域腐败的深层机理并得出治理之策。体育腐败是发生在体育领域之内的腐败，是享有体育公共权力的主体滥用或怠于行使体育公共权力的行为。体育腐败可以分为两种情形，一种是利用体育职权为自己或他人谋取不正当利益；另一种情形是虽未获取不正当利益，但滥用或怠于行使体育职权致使他人利益或公共利益受损。体育腐败的本质源于在体育权利与体育权力的博弈过程中体育权利之抑制以及体育权力之嚣长，因此，体育腐败的基本治理应遵循以下两个原则：体育权利张扬原则以及体育权力制约原则。体育制度和体育道德是实现体育权利张扬和体育权力制约最有效之措施，应以体现权利张扬和权力制约的体育制度规范之“硬法”辅之以体育道德伦理的教化和治理之“软法”。  相似文献   

Heritage education in the Primary School Standard Curriculum of Malaysia     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2017

Due to the importance of education for sustainable heritage preservation, it is imperative to pay attention to how heritage is taught in the education system. As a multicultural country with a rich cultural heritage, Malaysia is home to four world heritage sites. This paper investigates Malaysia's new primary school curriculum to determine to what extent the core curriculum cultivates an awareness of and sense of respect for heritage. The results reveal a focus on Malaysian intangible cultural heritage in some core subjects, such as history, Bahasa Malaysia, art, and music education.  相似文献   

兴奋剂违规案件的证明责任问题——以“Contador案”为视角          下载免费PDF全文

柴毛毛 《体育科研》2019,(5):60-69,78

运用案例分析法，将证据法学和体育法学交叉综合，对国际体育仲裁院仲裁庭（CAS）就“Contador案”所作的裁决进行分析。以从CAS的裁决中寻找有益的观点，为完善《世界反兴奋剂条例》及以之为蓝本的其他反兴奋剂条例中关于证明责任分配与证明标准的规定提供借鉴。“Contador案”的裁决采纳了证据法学中将证明责任分为法定说服责任与提供证据的责任的观点，认为不承担法定说服责任的当事人在对方当事人举证困难的情况下，也应承担提供证据协助查明案情的责任。这一观点应当为《世界反兴奋剂条例》所借鉴，以补充细化第3.1条中关于证明责任的规定。  相似文献   

美国中学与大学体育的管理机制与司法治理          下载免费PDF全文

Matthew J. Mitten  郭树理 《体育科研》2019,(5):51-59

体育作为中学课外活动的教育内容之一，主要由美国各州政府自行管理，各州的中学也组成了高中体育管理联合会来制定和执行校际体育活动的有关规则。美国法院遵循司法谦抑原则，通常不会干预联合会的决定，除非决定所依据的规则或所依据的程序违反了成文法，或侵犯了联邦或州宪法规定的基本权利。大学校际体育由大学自发组成的各种联合会进行管理，其中最重要的是全国大学体育联合会（NCAA），NCAA以维持大学体育的业余性、保证体育作为高等教育的有机组成部分为宗旨，有权制定和强制实施各项规则及处罚。NCAA不是政府组织，无法对其管理大学体育的行为适用美国联邦宪法，但可以适用美国联邦反垄断法。  相似文献   

Affirming Bias     

Michael I. Krauss 《Academic Questions》2014,27(2):230-236

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社团自治视域下中国足协引援调节费制度的省思          下载免费PDF全文

柯阳 《体育科研》2019,(6):10-15

基于限制俱乐部在转会市场上频繁高价引援的初衷，中国足协出台了引援调节费制度。为了探究引援调节费制度的合法性和合理性，通过比较研究法、历史研究法等，围绕规则制定的主体、程序以及引援调节费的性质等方面对引援调节费制度进行了分析。从程序和实体两方面来检视引援调节费制度，可以发现该规则的设计缺乏自洽性，文件的制定背离了程序正义，制度的出台也违背比例原则的要求。从社团自治的视角出发，在法治思维下探索适合本土职业足球发展的规则体系，提出：中国足协要增强规则设计的自洽性，制定程序应当凸显社团自治，要尊重职业联赛发展的规律。  相似文献