A Classroom Exercise to Examine the Trade‐off between Mission Capacity and Life Cycle Cost          下载免费PDF全文

Keebom Kang  Kenneth H. Doerr 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2015,13(1):3-20

This article presents a classroom exercise, centered on a simulation that has been used for 4 years in an MBA program to help students develop an understanding of the trade‐offs involved in managing capital assets in the public sector. Though often ignored in business schools, mission is a key criterion that must be considered when managing such assets, and acts as a surrogate for profit. The case presents a rich environment in which the impact of cost reductions (or additional investments) on mission can be quantified, and trade‐offs can be assessed and discussed. It gives students a chance to develop creative ideas for process improvement, and provides sufficient data for them to analyze the impact of their suggestions in a rigorous way.  相似文献   

我国公共文化服务体系建设中的政府行为研究     

张秀兰  庄媛 《新世纪图书馆》2014,(7):5-8

我国的公共文化服务体系建设工作开展已近10年,按照国家相关政策文件的精神,我国公共文化服务的供给者主要是政府,但由于各方条件的限制,在公共文化服务的供给上,我国政府在法律法规体系、财政投入力度、供给的均等性及绩效评估等方面还存在着问题和不足。论文总结了我国公共文化服务体系建设中政府的职能与作用,分析了政府在公共文化服务供给上存在的问题,重点提出了解决问题的对策建议。  相似文献   

Balancing act: Government roles in an energy conservation network     

Andrew Peterman  Arno Kourula  Raymond Levitt 《Research Policy》2014

Government-led interorganizational alliance networks present a sensible opportunity to overcome many societal challenges through collaborative governance. In particular, few researchers have studied alliance networks in the field of energy conservation in commercial buildings—a sector with unique barriers to greater diffusion of innovative cost-saving strategies. We applied an analytic inductive case-based method and social network analysis to study one particular alliance network: the United States Commercial Building Energy Alliances representing interests from retail, commercial real estate, and healthcare sectors. This alliance network was initiated by the United States Department of Energy, with assistance from several federally funded research laboratories in the United States, to promote the diffusion of knowledge and ultimately encourage greater deployment of energy efficiency and clean energy strategies in commercial buildings. We draw upon interview data from 28 cases of private, non-profit, and governmental organizations and complete network data from the alliance participants. We honed in on eight focal cases of governmental organizations to provide insight on how the four forms of energy and environmental data, information, and knowledge shared within an alliance network address the challenge of a vastly underutilized energy resource, namely conservation. Further, we identify and discuss the public's four roles—Commissioner, Interpreter, Marketer, and User—in providing balance to the diffusion of both private and public goods in a network.  相似文献   

网络动态干扰监控的信任感知推荐算法设计     

张远红  苗放 《科技通报》2014,(10)

网络用户信任感知推荐的准确性设计是提高用户间的社交网络辅助信息信任度的重要依据。传统的网络用户信任感知推荐算法采用的是基于社交网络服务和用户评分的推荐系统,主观性较大,协同过滤效果不好。提出一种基于网络动态干扰监控的信任感知推荐算法设计新方法,设计自适应神经模糊系统网络动态干扰监测算法,构建基于向量空间模型的信任度评价指标体系结构,通过调整网络拓扑权重向量设置信任度周期响应加权变量自适应函数,有效降低迭代算法的运算成本,避免了自适应神经模糊系统网络动态干扰监测加权权重成固化状态,提高抗干扰性能。实验结果表明,算法能使社交网络感知推荐模型的预测误差减少,推荐可靠性优于传统方法。  相似文献   

博弈视角下政府应对社会冷漠行为分析     

谢彰文  ;徐祖迎 《未来与发展》2014,(8):15-20

随着改革开放的深入推进,社会生活日新月异,经济文化快速发展,社会新情况、新面貌不断出现,人们在享受改革开放带来的巨大红利的时候,也不得不面对其带来的一系列负面影响。比如说社会冷漠问题的出现,就一次次刺痛了社会的神经。在经济利益的驱使下,很多人不考虑道德机制对自身的约束,只顾自身利益最大化。本文将在博弈论的视角下,先不考虑到相关约束机制存在,从个体、社会等角度进行博弈分析,然后将道德机制引入到个体博弈之中,改变博弈的收益结构,使援助成为社会个体的最优选择,从而减少社会冷漠行为的发生。  相似文献   

History of the preanalytical phase: a personal view     

Walter G. Guder 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2014,24(1):25-30

In the 70ies of the last century, ther term “preanalytical phase” was introduced in the literature. This term describes all actions and aspects of the “brain to brain circle” of the medical laboratory diagnostic procedure happening before the analytical phase. The author describes his personal experiences in the early seventies and the following history of increasing awareness of this phase as the main cause of “laboratory errors”. This includes the definitions of influence and interference factors as well as the first publications in book, internet, CD-Rom and recent App form over the past 40 years. In addition, a short summary of previous developments as prerequesits of laboratory diagnostic actions is described from the middle age matula for urine collection to the blood collection tubes, anticoagulants and centrifuges. The short review gives a personal view on the possible causes of missing awareness of preanalytical causes of error and future aspects of new techniques in regulation of requests to introduction of quality assurance programs for preanalytical factors.  相似文献   

Interference of medical contrast media on laboratory testing     

Giuseppe Lippi  Massimo Daves  Camilla Mattiuzzi 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2014,24(1):80-88

The use of contrast media such as organic iodine molecules and gadolinium contrast agents is commonplace in diagnostic imaging. Although there is widespread perception that side effects and drug interactions may be the leading problems caused by these compounds, various degrees of interference with some laboratory tests have been clearly demonstrated. Overall, the described interference for iodinate contrast media include inappropriate gel barrier formation in blood tubes, the appearance of abnormal peaks in capillary zone electrophoresis of serum proteins, and a positive bias in assessment of cardiac troponin I with one immunoassay. The interference for gadolinium contrast agents include negative bias in calcium assessment with ortho-cresolphthalein colorimetric assays and occasional positive bias using some Arsenazo reagents, negative bias in measurement of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and zinc (colorimetric assay), as well as positive bias in creatinine (Jaffe reaction), total iron binding capacity (TIBC, ferrozine method), magnesium (calmagite reagent) and selenium (mass spectrometry) measurement. Interference has also been reported in assessment of serum indices, pulse oximetry and methaemoglobin in samples of patients receiving Patent Blue V. Under several circumstances the interference was absent from manufacturer-supplied information and limited to certain type of reagents and/or analytes, so that local verification may be advisable to establish whether or not the test in use may be biased. Since the elimination half-life of these compounds is typically lower than 2 h, blood collection after this period may be a safer alternative in patients who have received contrast media for diagnostic purposes.  相似文献   

70-year old female patient with mismatch between hematocrit and hemoglobin values: the effects of cold agglutinin on complete blood count     

?erif Ercan  Mustafa ?al??kan  Erhan Koptur 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2014,24(3):391-395

Introduction:

There are a number of pre-analytical and analytical factors, which cause false results in the complete blood count. The present case identifies cold agglutinins as the cause for the mismatch between hematocrit and hemoglobin values.

Materials and methods:

70-year old female patient had a history of cerebrovascular diseases and rheumatoid arthritis. During routine laboratory examination, the patient had normal leukocyte and platelet counts; however, the hemoglobin (Hb: 105 g/L) and hematocrit (HCT: 0.214 L/L) results were discordant. Hemolysis, lipemia and cold agglutinin were evaluated as possible reasons for the mismatch between hematocrit and hemoglobin values.

Results:

First blood sample was slightly hemolysed. Redrawn sample without hemolysis or lipemia was analyzed but the mismatch became even more distinct (Hb: 104 g/L and HCT: 0.08 L/L). In this sample, the titration of the cold agglutinin was determined and found to be positive at 1:64 dilution ratios. After an incubation of the sample at 37°C for 2 hours, reversibility of agglutination was observed.

Conclusion:

We conclude that cold agglutinins may interfere with the analysis of erythrocyte and erythrocyte-related parameters (HCT, MCV, MCH and MCHC); however, Hb, leukocyte and platelet counts are not affected.  相似文献   

直辖市“双一流”高校专利合作与知识流动研究     

王丽婷  匡登辉 《中国发明与专利》2022,(2)

考察我国直辖市"双一流"高校的专利合作网络演化,为提升直辖市的科技创新合作效率,提升科技创新能力和城市创新综合竞争力,为技术创新主体选择技术合作伙伴、探究地区间、高校间知识流动提供经验、启示。本文运用合作强度Salton指数、专利引用、绝对合作频次等,以Patentics和国家知识产权局专利数据库为工具,获取直辖市"双一流"高校合作专利数据,构建高校间的专利合作矩阵,采用合作网络可视化分析,梳理直辖市"双一流"高校专利合作网络,揭示网络环境下高校科技创新和知识流动的特征及趋势,给出提升高校专利合作的建议。结果表明:直辖市"双一流"高校校际专利合作的强同城倾向,清华大学、北京大学、复旦大学是京沪两地的专利合作核心高校。清华大学、上海交通大学、天津大学专利申请量居前三,清华大学、上海交通大学的专利被引量居前,清华大学、上海交通大学、天津大学为专利合作的核心高校,对知识流动影响深刻。不足之处在于专利只能部分反映高校间的技术创新合作,合作申请只是技术合作的一部分,还包括科技论文合作和成果转化。  相似文献   

基于小波包降噪的地磁场干扰数据分析     

徐斌  顾伟 《上海海事大学学报》2014,35(1):69-73

针对在港口消磁站附近港口日常作业时产生的磁场干扰以及地球地磁日变对港口消磁站的磁场测量造成严重干扰的现象,采用基于小波包降噪的办法进行干扰抑制处理.该办法通过对干扰源进行分析及实验模拟,得出磁场干扰的原因及特征.通过实际磁场测量数据分析,得出消磁站附近港口日常作业时产生的磁场干扰对地磁场Z分量造成的影响.采用小波包降噪算法,通过小波包基变化,重构受干扰磁场数据,进行干扰抑制处理.处理结果表明,此方法能够有效抑制干扰,对提高港口消磁站磁场测量的准确性有积极意义.  相似文献