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51.
Motivation is fundamental to human agency and volitional behavior, and several influential theories have been proposed to explain why individuals choose or persist in a course of action (over others). New terms and concepts have proliferated as the theoretical models aim to be comprehensive, at the expense of parsimony. The theoretical models covered in this special issue each have their unique aspects and contributions, but four major dimensions cut across them: person factors comprising self (expectations, self-efficacy), social (modeling, comparisons), and cognitive aspects (self-regulation); task values; goals; and perceived costs and benefits. Motivation is determined by a complex interplay of internal and external factors, and we suggest that a greater focus on individuals’ motivation profiles, construal of situations, and metacognitive monitoring and control of goal pursuit might shed more light on the moment-by-moment decisions people make in daily life. Future research could be targeted at evaluating competing models (or perhaps more parsimonious ones) and enhancing interventions to address students who are unmotivated to excel in school. 相似文献
52.
钟玲 《四川职业技术学院学报》2006,16(4):72-74
网络在教学中的普及促生了网上交谈在英语课堂的应用。本文通过实验数据对网络交谈和小组面谈的激励作用进行了比较分析,结果表明前者的激励作用较强,学生在网上交谈的分配和目标语的产出更为合理;学生也表示更喜欢网上交谈。因此,我们认为网上交谈可以作为英语教师组织课堂活动的一项有效补充。 相似文献
53.
课前预习是物理实验课程的一个先导,是不可或缺的一部分,预习结果的好坏对实验操作过程有很大的影响作用。文章将引入DIIGO来说明如何应用DIIGO使同学们能更好的进行课前预习,真正达到预习的目的。 相似文献
54.
Metacognition, Self-Regulation, and Self-Regulated Learning: Research Recommendations 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Dale H. Schunk 《Educational Psychology Review》2008,20(4):463-467
Much research has been conducted on metacognition, self-regulation, and self-regulated learning, but the articles in this
special issue make it clear that we still have many unanswered questions. Recommendations for research include providing clear
definitions of processes, identifying relevant theories, ensuring that assessments clearly reflect processes, linking processes
with academic outcomes, conducting more educational developmental research, and tying processes firmly with instructional
methods. Collectively, these recommendations will enhance our understanding of metacognition, self-regulation, and self-regulated
learning and will lead to solid implications for educational policy and practice. 相似文献
55.
Clarifying Metacognition, Self-Regulation, and Self-Regulated Learning: What’s the Purpose? 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Avi Kaplan 《Educational Psychology Review》2008,20(4):477-484
In this commentary on the special issue, I join the authors in searching for a conceptual framework that would clarify the
concepts of metacognition, self-regulation, and self-regulated learning. Building on the insights of the different articles,
I suggest that metacognition, self-regulation, and self-regulated learning should be considered as subtypes of the general,
abstract, phenomenon of self-regulated action. I continue by questioning the benefit of seeking boundaries between these three
concepts. Instead, I propose to search for dimensions along which types of self-regulated action vary. I, then, introduce the notion of a “multidimensional conceptual space of
self-regulated action” as a conceptual tool that allows for diversity of conceptions of self-regulated action while maintaining
conceptual clarity. I conclude by highlighting the central role of purpose of engagement in self-regulated action and by noting its potential for guiding the search for meaningful dimensions on which to typify
self-regulation. 相似文献
56.
Predominantly White institutions have not been as effective as historically Black institutions in retaining and conferring
degrees upon African American college students. This review seeks to embed the psychological aspects of the retention process
proposed by Bean and Eaton [A psychological model of college student retention. In J. M. Braxton (Ed.), Reworking the student
departure puzzle (pp. 48–61). Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 2000] in a culturally-sensitive framework and consider
how African American students attending PWIs may experience the processes in retention. We first give a brief overview of
Bean and Eaton’s [A psychological model of college student retention. In J. M. Braxton (Ed.), Reworking the student departure
puzzle (pp. 48–61). Nashville, TN: Vanderbilt University Press, 2000] model of retention, then we propose and discuss revisions
to Bean and Eaton’s model that we believe would make the model more applicable to African American students attending predominantly
White institutions. Specifically, we address students’ attitudes towards their institution, academic self-efficacy, motivation,
achievement goals, attributions, and ethnic and bicultural identity development. The discussion concludes with implications
and directions for future study. 相似文献
57.
商标词是商品的文字语言称谓,其构成是有理据的.英语商标词是根据商品的特点、性能、用途等,采用各种方法和理据,综合语言、文化、心理、市场、美学等诸学科的原理创造出来的.本文从语音、构词、语义三方面对英语商标词的构词理据进行分析,以期对我国出口商品命名起一定借鉴作用. 相似文献
58.
Our study analyzed the influence of motivation towards science in relation individual cognitive achievement scores. 232 10th graders of college preparatory school level (‘Gymnasium’) completed a cognitive achievement test three times and a questionnaire quantifying motivation towards science once. A three-lesson module dealt with aspects of the topic renewable energies. The knowledge test was applied one week before (T-0), directly after (T-1) and six weeks after (T-2) participation in the learning module. The questionnaire on science motivation was completed at T-0 in order to receive unaffected data. A test-retest group (acting as control group) of 37 students completed the questionnaires with no intervention. Three motivational groups were selected: highly motivated, intermediate and less motivated. The intervention group showed substantial knowledge gain in short- and in long-term perspectives, almost independently of motivational levels. A positive linear relation between motivation and content knowledge was observable for each test schedule. In particular, intrinsic factors are shown to be responsible for this relationship.We recommend implementing appropriately designed educational settings to promote intrinsic aspects in order to foster performance almost independently of pre-existing knowledge and science motivation We presume pre-existing knowledge as well as learning to be influenced by motivation towards science. Also, pre-existing knowledge may influence individual motivation towards science. Consequently, beyond scientific contents, a focus on motivation of adolescents in science may lead to a synergetic effect for life-long learning. 相似文献
59.
Enhancing student motivation and engagement: The effects of a multidimensional intervention 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
The present study sought to investigate the effects of a multidimensional educational intervention on high school students’ motivation and engagement. The intervention incorporated: (a) multidimensional targets of motivation and engagement, (b) empirically derived intervention methodology, (c) research-based risk and protective factors, (d) established practices that nurture optimal youth development, (e) use of interpersonally skilled staff, and (f) evidence-based programming. Using a pre-/post-treatment/control group design, it was found that the self-complete intervention brought about significant shifts in motivation and engagement. Specifically, findings showed that the treatment group made positive motivation shifts on key dimensions including task management, persistence, anxiety, failure avoidance, and uncertain control. Moreover, against a large weighted external comparison group, the treatment group made positive shifts on valuing, mastery orientation, planning, task management, persistence, failure avoidance, uncertain control, and self-handicapping. Taken together, these findings attest to the potential for multidimensional educational interventions for enhancing students’ motivation and engagement. 相似文献
60.
Exploring the fluctuation of motivation and use of self-regulatory processes during learning with hypermedia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
We collected think-aloud, pre-test, post-test, and motivation data from 43 undergraduates to examine the impact of conceptual
scaffolds on the fluctuation of certain motivation constructs and use of self-regulatory processes during learning with hypermedia.
Participants were randomly assigned to either the No Scaffolding (NS) or Conceptual Scaffolding (CS) condition. During the
experimental session, each participant individually completed a pre-test on the circulatory system, a pre-task motivation
questionnaire, one 30-min hypermedia learning task during which they learned about the circulatory system, a motivation questionnaire
at three regular intervals during this learning task, a post-test on the circulatory system, and a post-task motivation questionnaire.
Results indicated that while participants in both conditions gained declarative knowledge, participants who received conceptual
scaffolds during learning demonstrated deeper understanding of the circulatory system on the post-test. In terms of self-regulatory
processes, the results indicated that participants in the CS condition used significantly more planning processes during learning
than participants in the NS condition. Additionally, participants in both conditions significantly decreased their use of
strategies as they progressed through the learning task. Regarding motivation while learning with hypermedia, results indicated
that participants in both conditions reported significantly increased levels of interest as they progressed through the learning
task. Furthermore, participants in the CS condition reported the task as being easier and putting forth less effort than participants
in the NS condition.
相似文献
Daniel C. MoosEmail: |