提高高校图书馆馆员业务素质的探索与实践   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

许家梁 《情报科学》2003,21(4):366-367

本文对新形势下如何提高高校图书馆馆员业务素质的问题进行了探讨，介绍了笔者所在图书馆让馆员参加教学实践和科研实践、鼓励馆员成为业务能手、借馆外智力带动队伍发展的思路、措施和实践效果。  相似文献   

论我国团体标准化主体边界之认定     

陈俊华  许方  李美青 《科技管理研究》2019,39(7)

团体标准具有促进科技创新等重要作用。在我国有关团体标准的主体制度中，是否要对团体标准化主体的边界以“法人资格”为限制，值得进一步讨论。实践中，存在一定数量的产业技术联盟等社会团体可能未获“法人资格”，但却具备了开展团体标准化活动的专业能力。诚然，无须将“法人资格”作为硬性的准入门槛，而应将“专业能力”作为必备的资格条件，并突出技术组织对团体标准化活动的的支撑作用。继而有必要通过法制化路径引入主体备案制度，为非法人社会团体在标准化领域创造合法空间，从而在一定程度上缓解实际需求与相对严苛的现行法律环境之间的张力。  相似文献   

中国大陆高等工程教育专业认证的发展历程与展望   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

王娜 《高等理科教育》2011,(1):64-67

中国大陆高等工程教育专业认证经历了热烈的筹备、良好的开局、漫长的探索三个阶段。总体来看,我国大陆地区高等工程教育专业认证发展缓慢。究其原因,主要在于理论研究滞后、顶层设计重心偏移、认证机构缺乏、专业认证与工程师注册制度脱节等。在此基础上,本文展望了中国大陆高等工程教育专业认证的发展趋势。  相似文献   

Effects of coaching on teacher use of sociocultural instructional practices     

Annela Teemant  Joan Wink 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2011,27(4):683-693

This study evaluates a performance-based instructional coaching model intended to improve teacher pedagogy and classroom organization for educating diverse student populations. Elementary teachers (N = 21) participated in a 30-h workshop and seven individual coaching sessions across an academic year. The coaching model promoted use of the Standards for Effective Pedagogy, five research-based practices known to increase student achievement. Findings demonstrate performance-based instructional coaching led to statistically significant (a) improvements in teacher pedagogy, (b) patterns of teacher growth, and (c) changes in classroom organization. Implications for improving teachers’ ultimate achievement, the coaching protocol, and research are addressed.  相似文献   

Resisting plateauing: Four veteran teachers’ stories     

Denise G. Meister  Patricia Ahrens 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2011,27(4):770-778

This paper describes and interprets the career experiences of four veteran secondary teachers and their ability to resist plateauing. Three areas of veteran teacher research informed this study: career stages, plateauing, and resiliency. In-depth phenomenological interviews were conducted to investigate and depict the meanings these teachers attached to their career experiences.Several factors emerged for each participant’s resilience. First, building leaders influenced their enthusiasm and professional growth. Second, positive effects on students’ lives affirmed their work. Third, interactions with colleagues promoted growth, and individual support systems helped them bounce back from career frustrations.  相似文献   

Developing a pedagogy for teaching self-study research: Lessons learned across the Atlantic     

Mieke Lunenberg  Anastasia P. Samaras 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2011,27(5):841-850

This article reports on a collective self-study from our multiple and unique experiences of teaching self-study research in the Netherlands and the United States. Through the methodology of dialog, we merged what we learned from our individual studies which resulted in six guidelines for a pedagogy for teaching self-study research. Without claiming that the six guidelines have full applicability to all teaching contexts, we offer instead a discussion of the complexities and value of framing a pedagogy of self-study research. This study provides a conceptual, theoretical, and practical base for further studies to build a knowledge base on this topic.  相似文献   

Acting as accountable authors: Creating interactional spaces for agency work in teacher education     

Lasse Lipponen  Kristiina Kumpulainen   《Teaching and Teacher Education》2011,27(5):812-819

In this paper, relying on the sociocultural framework of learning, we report on the results of an ethnographically-grounded investigation of agency work among nine pre-service teachers: The main objective is to determine how agency emerges and is constructed in situated discourse practices within the context of a teacher education program embedded in the collective inquiry approach. Our study identifies the forms of agency that emerged in the collective discussions of the classroom community, evidencing pre-service teachers’ transformative agency, relational agency and epistemic agency. This study also shows that the negotiation and framing of agency, and acting as accountable authors, involves changes in teacher-student positions, such as crossing and transforming traditional expert-novice boundaries, as well as recognizing and crediting this crossing of boundaries. The methods and conditions for supporting students’ agency work in teacher education are discussed.  相似文献   

Forensic child sexual abuse evaluations: assessing subjectivity and bias in professional judgements     

Everson MD  Sandoval JM 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(4):287-298

Objectives

Evaluators examining the same evidence often arrive at substantially different conclusions in forensic assessments of child sexual abuse (CSA). This study attempts to identify and quantify subjective factors that contribute to such disagreements so that interventions can be devised to improve the reliability of case decisions.

Methods

Participants included 1106 professionals in the field of child maltreatment representing a range of professional positions or job titles and years of experience. Each completed the Child Forensic Attitude Scale (CFAS), a 28-item survey assessing 3 forensic attitudes believed to influence professional judgments about CSA allegations: emphasis-on-sensitivity (i.e., a focus on minimizing false negatives or errors of undercalling abuse); emphasis-on-specificity (i.e., a focus on minimizing false positives or errors of overcalling abuse); and skepticism toward child and adolescent reports of CSA. A subset of 605 professionals also participated in 1 of 3 diverse decision exercises to assess the influence of the 3 forensic attitudes on ratings of case credibility.

Results

Exploratory factor analysis identified 4 factors or attitude subscales that corresponded closely with the original CFAS scales: 2 subscales for emphasis-on-sensitivity and 1 each for emphasis-on-specificity and skepticism. Attitude subscale scores differed significantly by sample source (in-state trainings vs. national conferences), gender, years of experience, and professional position, with Child Protective Service workers unexpectedly more concerned about overcalling abuse and more skeptical of child disclosures than other professionals—a pattern of scores associated with an increased probability of disbelieving CSA allegations. The 3 decision exercises offered validation of the attitude subscales as predictors of professional ratings of case credibility, with adjusted R²s for the three exercises ranging from .06 to .24, suggesting highly variable effect sizes.

Conclusions

Evaluator disagreements about CSA allegations can be explained, in part, by individual differences in 3 attitudes related to forensic decision-making: emphasis-on-sensitivity, emphasis-on-specificity, and skepticism toward child reports of abuse. These attitudes operate as predispositions or biases toward viewing CSA allegations as likely true or likely false. Several strategies for curbing the influence of subjective factors are highlighted including self-awareness of personal biases and team approaches to assessment.  相似文献   

RPL for accreditation in higher education – As a process of mutual understanding or merely lifeworld colonisation?     

Fredrik Sandberg  Per Andersson 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2011,36(7):767-780

This article focuses on a process of recognition of prior learning (RPL) in higher education. It is based on experiences from a project carried out in collaboration between the University of Lund, Linköping University and two trade unions in Sweden. The aim of the project was to find ways of recognising prior learning for accreditation of course credits at university level. In the project and its analysis, Habermas’ theory of communicative action was used as theoretical underpinning. During the project we carried out a thematic analysis based on interviews. The analysis suggested that the participants had a mystified view of higher education that RPL must be considered a learning process and that the participants’ prior learning can be characterised as practical wisdom. These themes guided the development of the project. In a retrospective analysis, language proficiency seemed to play a significant role for the outcome of the process. The conclusion suggests that a more fair and valid assessment of the participant’s prior learning could be accomplished by focusing on RPL as a process of mutual understanding. However, a critical appraisal of the process suggests that RPL for accreditation is problematic and could be seen as a colonisation of the lifeworld.  相似文献   

Developing as an Ethical English Teacher: Valuing the Personal and Poetic in Professional Learning   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mark A. Pike 《English in Education》2011,45(3):224-235

This article draws upon virtue ethics to illustrate the importance of English teachers as ethical professionals. In doing so it focuses attention on the significance of the personal and poetic in professional learning. It is suggested that eschewing the personal and poetic in professional learning may contribute to the de‐professionalisation of English teachers and the commodification of the children they teach. Conversely, acknowledging the personal and poetic liberates teachers of English to develop as ethical professionals who teach for social justice and foster the ethical learning of their students. The article moves from a consideration of the importance of personal values to the value of poetry in professional learning.  相似文献