论徐锴对词义引申的贡献     

郭剑英 《株洲师范高等专科学校学报》2007,12(4):77-80

徐锴对词义引申所做的贡献主要表现在：理性认识方面,承继许慎“六书”说,依据本义和借义的关系对假借造字进行分类,启发清代小学家进一步界定假借和引申概念,理顺二者关系;训诂实践方面,在《说文解字系传》“通释”篇中,有意识地申明大量字词的引申义,并对引申的基本途径有所认识,从而启迪后世学者深入探索,最终使引申成为词义运动的重要理论。  相似文献   

Segment coordination and variability among prospectively injured and uninjured runners     

Gauri A. Desai 《Journal of sports sciences》2021,39(1):38-47

ABSTRACT

Coordinative variability (CAV) and underlying coordinative patterns are potential running-related overuse injury (RROI) mechanisms, but prospective analyses are needed. This study compared lower limb CAV and coordinative patterns between prospectively injured and uninjured runners. Knee, shank, and ankle kinematics were collected for 39 recreational runners at the beginning of a 6-month follow-up period. Subjects were classified as injured (n=21) or controls (n=18) based on RROI incidence during follow-up. CAV was quantified using modified vector coding. Time spent in each coordinative pattern category was quantified using binning frequency analysis. Coordinative patterns were classified as mechanically unsound if underlying joint/segment motions opposed anatomically allowable running motion. Wilcoxon Rank-Sum tests compared CAV and binning frequencies between groups within different stance portions for knee-shank, shank-ankle, and knee-ankle couplings (α≤0.05). During initial-stance, the injured group displayed significantly greater knee-ankle CAV (effect size (ES)=1.1), knee-shank CAV (ES=0.97), and greater frequency of mechanically unsound knee-shank (ES=0.72) and shank-ankle (ES=0.63) motion. During mid-stance, the injured group displayed lower frequency of mechanically sound knee-ankle motion (ES=0.31). In late-stance, the injured group displayed greater shank-ankle CAV (ES=0.11). Mechanically unsound coordinative patterns along with greater knee-ankle and shank-ankle CAV potentially lead to RROI.  相似文献   

Foot strike patterns and ground contact times during high-calibre middle-distance races     

Phil Hayes  Nicholas Caplan 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(12):1275-1283

Abstract

The aims of this study were to examine ground contact characteristics, their relationship with race performance, and the time course of any changes in ground contact time during competitive 800 m and 1500 m races. Twenty-two seeded, single-sex middle-distance races totalling 181 runners were filmed at a competitive athletics meeting. Races were filmed at 100 Hz. Ground contact time was recorded one step for each athlete, on each lap of their race. Forefoot and midfoot strikers had significantly shorter ground contact times than heel strikers. Forefoot and midfoot strikers had significantly faster average race speed than heel strikers. There were strong large correlations between ground contact time and average race speed for the women's events and men’s 1500 m (r = ?0.521 to ?0.623; P < 0.05), whereas the men's 800 m displayed only a moderate relationship (r = ?0.361; P = 0.002). For each event, ground contact time for the first lap was significantly shorter than for the last lap, which might reflect runners becoming fatigued.  相似文献   

我国油气资源——社会经济系统协调发展研究     

张晓慧  张在旭  付峰 《未来与发展》2009,30(2):14-17

油气资源是我国重要的能源之一,对于人类的生产与生活、社会经济的稳定和发展都发挥着极其重要的、不可替代的作用。本文以油气资源一社会经济系统协调发展为主线,对此复杂系统的要素、子系统间的相关关系、运行机理和系统协调发展的内容进行了研究和详细的描述,为我国石油工业与社会经济协调发展的研究提供了借鉴。  相似文献   

普通高校负债办学的现状、成因与风险特点研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王丽萍 《未来与发展》2009,30(2):64-67

高校扩招以后,由于投资不足、盲目扩建、财务监管和宏观调控不力等原因,使得我国许一多高校都存在巨额的银行债务,并已影响到高校的进一步发展,甚至威胁到高校的正常运行。高校的银行债务危机,已经不再是简单金融问题,而是暴露出长期制约高校发展的诸多深层次矛盾。本文主要从高校负债办学的现状、债务成因与风险特点等几方面进行分析,以期能为我国建立健全高校负债办学的风险规避机制提供理论指导。  相似文献   

Novice runners show greater changes in kinematics with fatigue compared with competitive runners     

Ellen Maas  Jorien De Bie  Riet Vanfleteren  Wouter Hoogkamer  Benedicte Vanwanseele 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(3):350-360

Fatigue, developed over the course of a run, may cause changes in running kinematics. Training status may influence the effect of fatigue on running kinematics, since well trained, competitive runners are used to running until exhaustion, whereas novice runners are not. This study aimed to determine changes in running kinematics during an exhaustive run in both novice (NOVICE) and competitive (COMP) long-distance runners. About 15 NOVICE and 15 COMP runners performed a treadmill run, until voluntary exhaustion at 3,200 m time trial pace. Joint angles and global trunk and pelvis angles were recorded at the beginning and at the end of the run. In both groups, peak pelvic anterior tilt, pelvic rotation range of motion (both during stance phase) and ankle plantar flexion during swing phase increased after the exhaustive run. There was a significant interaction effect between group and exhaustion for peak forward trunk lean, which increased only in the NOVICE group, and for hip abduction during mid-swing, which increased in NOVICE and decreased in COMP runners. In conclusion, NOVICE runners showed larger kinematic adjustments when exhausted than COMP runners. This may affect their running performance and should be taken into account when assessing a runner’s injury risk.  相似文献   

基于物质-场模型分析的专利规避设计研究     

石文豪  陈子顺 《科技管理研究》2017,(6)

随着顶驱装置在石油下套管作业中的广泛应用,顶驱下套管装置凭借其特有的高效性、安全性等优点已经成为国内外石油机械公司研发热点,但是各公司必须解决在设计过程中避免专利侵权的问题。通过回溯发明专利对应的创新发明问题,提出一种基于物质-场模型分析的专利回避设计方法;利用物质-场模型对发明问题进行简化分析,然后应用发明问题解决理论(TRIZ)中的冲突理论或标准解等发明问题解决工具,挖掘出解决该问题的其他方法,进而实现专利的规避设计。利用该方法进行顶驱下套管装置的专利规避设计,首先分析TESCO公司已有专利,回溯得到发明问题并建立功能模型,基于功能裁剪得到的功能模型变体应用物质-场模型分析求解得到有效专利方案,实现下套管装置的专利规避设计。  相似文献   

关于学校思想政治工作的几点思考     

祁英 《青海师专学报》2001,21(4):91-92

学校思想政治工作是党的思想政治工作的重要组成部分，如何就好新形势下学校的思想政治工作，关系到学校教育目标的最终实现，笔者在调查研究的基础上，对此进行了初步的探讨。  相似文献   

改进100m途中跑着地技术的实验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙为民  孙守正 《首都体育学院学报》2002,14(3):48-51

本研究针对我国短跑途中跑脚着地技术中强调大腿积极下压、小腿自然放松的传统观念，运动运动生物力学原理，提出在100m途中跑脚下放着地过程的最后阶段“控制大腿下放、积极回摆小腿”的技术改进设想。将首都体育学院2000级运动系统短跑组作业研究对象实验研究，运用生物力学方法和手段对实验对象实验前后的运动成绩、脚着地技术效果等方面进行了比较和分析。实验结果表明：通过改进100m途中跑着地技术，实验组的100m跑成成绩和途中跑脚着地技术效果明显好于对照组。  相似文献   

我国高等体育院校办学模式和专业设置现状对策研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈钧  孙民治 《山西师大体育学院学报》2002,17(1):38-39

近年来,随着我国社会主义市场经济的建立和社会的发展,我国高等体育院校在办学模式、专业设置上进行了一系列改革尝试,本课题对现状进行了调查与分析,总结成功与不足,并提出积极的对策与建议。  相似文献