Land degradation, government subsidy, and smallholders' conservation decision: the case of the loess plateau in China     

石敏俊  CHEN Kevin 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2004,(12)

Land degradation is one of the severe environmental problems in China. In order to combat land degradation, a soil conservation program was introduced since 2000 to reduce soil erosion by converting slope-cultivated land into forestry and pasture. This paper represents the first systematic attempt to investigate the impact of the soil conservation program on land degradation in the loess plateau. The results indicate that the soil conservation program to convert slope fields into forest or pasture is an effective way to combat soil erosion. However, a subsidy that is higher than profit of land use activity of slope fields before their conversion into forest and pasture is needed to encourage farmers to join the conservation program. A policy measure to encourage and assist farmers to develop sedentary livestock by using crops produced from fields as well as fodder and forage grass from the converted slope fields might contribute to combat soil erosion. Increase in off-farm job opportunities may encourage  相似文献   

Adoption of Soil Health Improvement Strategies by Australian Farmers: I. Attitudes,Management and Extension Implications     

J. McL. Bennett  S. R. Cattle 《The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension》2013,19(4):407-426

Abstract

Purpose: There is inconsistency in the design, understanding, implementation and monitoring of soil health programmes. Despite mounting scientific evidence for the credibility of certain soil health indicators, an increase in the reporting of programme benefits, and progress in communicating these benefits, many farmers remain hesitant to implement structured management plans and strategies tailored to address soil health. The purpose of this research is to investigate the proportion of Lachlan and Macquarie Valley landholders who implement a structured soil health programme and to better understand the role of extension in the management of these.

Design: Non-parametric analysis of a mail-based survey supported with content analysis of landholder comments was used.

Findings: Results suggests that the overall landholder attitude towards soil health management is positive, although soil health management programmes are often inconsistent, unstructured, or ad hoc. Ongoing communication between landholders, agronomists, extension agencies and scientists is shown to be vital in the adoption of soil health management programmes.

Practical implication: By understanding landholder attitudes and management practices, as well as the role of extension, extension efforts can become more targeted and effective.

Value: This article shows that soil health management is a primary focus of Australian farmers and elucidates the importance of extension efforts in management and planning. Areas where extension should be focussed are identified.  相似文献   

蚯蚓对温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的影响     

杨维来  赵红 《安徽科技学院学报》2005,19(1):25-28

为了揭示蚯蚓活动对温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的影响,对接种蚯蚓的温室土壤和露地土壤中微生物的数量进行了初步研究.结果表明:接种蚯蚓显著提高了温室土壤中不同微生物类群的数量.与未接种蚯蚓的处理比较,12月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了24.53%,放线菌增加了39.46%,真菌增加了29.71%,总量增加了25.81%;露地土壤中细菌增加了18.18%,放线菌增加了29.45%,真菌增加了16.24%,总量增加了21.14%.4月时,温室土壤中细菌增加了42.71%,放线菌增加了39.08%,真菌增加了36.92%,总量增加了42.53%;露地土壤中细菌增加了33.69%,放线菌增加了22.29%,真菌增加了20.71%,总量增加了32.73%.接种蚯蚓的温室土壤中不同微生物类群数量的增幅均高于接种蚯蚓的露地土壤.其中4月时接种蚯蚓后的温室土壤的细菌增加量高于其他处理.  相似文献   

浅谈降低接地装置接地电阻的几种措施   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵亮  陈国亮  李泽朋 《科技广场》2009,(3)

根据通信电力网中接地引起的电网事故,就降低接地装置的接地电阻进行了探讨,并提出了建设性意见.  相似文献   

土钉墙支护结构的工程实例     

刘义 《河北能源职业技术学院学报》2009,9(4):74-75

土钉墙支护结构是我国目前最常采用的支护形式。土钉墙具有技术性可靠、施工简单和造价低等优点,在深基坑支护工程中被广泛应用。在此,结合工程实例,介绍土钉墙支护施工技术。  相似文献   

土壤NH_4~+吸附特性的研究     

汪建飞  李增流  李春泉 《安徽科技学院学报》1998,(3)

研究结果表明,在NH4+加入量较低时,随着NH4+加入量的增加,土壤对NH4+的吸附量呈线性增加,但NH4+的吸附率呈下降趋势;三种土壤对NH4+吸附量大小顺序为们土＞黄褐土＞水稻土．  相似文献   

Species-diversified plant cover enhances orchard ecosystem resistance to climatic stress and soil erosion in subtropical hillside     

陈欣  杨一松  唐建军 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2004,(10)

Naturally occurring plants in agroecosystem evidently play an important role in ecosystem stability. Field studies on the ecological effects of native plants conserved in orchard and their resistance to adverse climatic stress, and soil erosion were conducted from 1998 to 2001 in a newly developed Changshan-huyou (Citrus changshan-huyou Y.B. Chang) orchard. The experimental area covered 150 ha in typical red soil hilly region in southeastern China. The experimental design was a randomized complete block with six combinations of twelve plant species with four replications. All species used were native in the orchard. Plots were 15×8 m2 and separated by 2 m buffer strips. Precipitation, soil erosion in rainstorm days and aboveground biomass of plant community when rainstorm days ended, soil temperature and moisture under various plant covers during seasonal megathermal drought period, antiscourability of soil with different root density under various simulated rainfalls were measured. Plant cover signifi  相似文献   

河西走廊水土流失成因分析及水土资源可持续发展对策研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

刘金荣 《河西学院学报》2004,20(5):33-35

河西走廊是一个干旱、风沙、盐碱、荒漠化比较严重的地区,水土流失较为严重,做好水土保持工作,是实现地区和社会发展的基础.根据实际调查和有关资料查证,分析河西走廊水土流失的原因,探讨水土资源可持续发展对策.  相似文献   

黑龙江省西部沙地土壤动物群落特征分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张淑花  周利军  张雪萍 《绥化学院学报》2008,28(1):4-6

对黑龙江省西部沙地进行的土壤动物调查,选取了5个不同植被群落样地,共获得土壤动物40类,2240只。隶属于4门,6纲,11目,其中类群数最多的为昆虫纲,个体密度最大的为线虫类。对群落特征指数分析结果显示,DG指数是能够从总体上反映个体数和类群数变化的群落特征指数。从土壤动物垂直分布来看,各群落土壤动物在垂直方向上的变化都很明显,土壤动物的种类和数量基本上是随着土层的加深而递减。  相似文献   

辽东地区土壤全氮含量的测定及其分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王志增 《鞍山师范学院学报》2008,10(6):48-49

分析土壤全氮及其各种形态氮的含量是评价土壤肥力和合理使用氮肥的主要依据．本试验对辽东地区土壤全氮含量的分析结果表明,全氮含量从高到低的顺序依次为：草河口,牦牛坞,五龙背,合隆,刘家河．对全氮含量较低的地区应适当提高氮肥的使用来改善土壤的肥力．  相似文献