水杨酸对盐胁迫下西瓜种子萌发特性的影响     

韩志平  张海霞  高迎  安志鹏 《雁北师范学院学报》2011,27(5)

采用培养皿发芽法,研究了水杨酸浸种对盐胁迫下西瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,300mmol/L NaCl溶液浸种显著降低了西瓜种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数及胚根长和胚芽鲜重;1.0mmol/L以下浓度水杨酸浸种使盐胁迫下西瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长量随水杨酸浓度提高而显著增加;2.0 mmol/L水杨酸浸种对盐胁迫下西瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长无明显影响,3.0 mmol/L水杨酸浸种进一步降低了盐胁迫下西瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长量。结果说明,较低浓度水杨酸浸种可缓解盐胁迫对西瓜种子萌发和幼苗生长的抑制作用,减轻西瓜种子萌发期盐胁迫伤害的最适水杨酸浓度为1.0 mmol/L。  相似文献   

植酸保鲜剂对月季切花O_2~-产生速率和还原糖含量的影响     

武文佳 《安阳师范学院学报》2011,(2):115-117

本文研究了浓度分别为0.13%与0.013%的植酸保鲜液对一种名为＂Shasha 90#＂的红色月季的保鲜效果,同时以蒸馏水为对照,每批次处理重复三次。通过测定切花的瓶插寿命,超氧阴离子自由基（O2-）产生速率、还原糖含量等生理指标来判断植酸保鲜液对月季切花的影响。结果表明,0.13%与0.013%的植酸保鲜液均能够延长月季切花的瓶插寿命,降低超氧阴离子自由基（O2-）的产生速率,减少还原糖的损失。而浓度为0.13%的植酸保鲜液比0.013%的效果要好。  相似文献   

大学有机化学实验教学改革的探索     

彭蓉  尹业高  鲁福身 《中国教育技术装备》2011,(33)

针对有机实验现有教材的不足,从改革实验教学内容方面对有机化学实验教学进行改革。新的实验分成基本操作实验、多步骤有机合成实验和综合性实验三部分内容,突出完整性、绿色性、实践性的特点。通过教学改革,不但顺利完成教学大纲规定的教学要求,而且全面提高学生的实验操作技术,培养学生的创新能力和科研分析能力。  相似文献   

显齿蛇葡萄多糖的提取工艺及含量研究     

邹艳梅  付明 《怀化学院学报》2011,30(11):39-42

采用热水浸提法提取显齿蛇葡萄多糖,用蒽酮-硫酸比色法测定糖含量,通过单因素试验研究提取温度、次数、时间及液料比对糖含量的影响,并采用L9（3^4）正交试验对提取工艺进行优化．以最佳工艺提取不同时期显齿蛇葡萄茎、叶的多糖并测定其含量．结果表明,对多糖含量的影响因素由大到小依次为提取温度、次数、时间和液料比．显齿蛇葡萄多糖...  相似文献   

本科有机化学实验教学评价方法探索     

鞠志宇  崔凯杰  李公春  侯旭锋  吴长增 《许昌学院学报》2011,30(2):141-142

为了客观地评定学生有机化学实验成绩,探索新的有机化学实验量化评价方法,采用"全程监控"加期末抽查评定法对学生进行全面评价,实践结果表明,本方法对促进实验教学质量的提高具有重要意义.  相似文献   

环境规制、技术创新对全要素碳生产率的影响研究——基于中国省域的空间面板数据分析     

郭卫香  孙慧 《科技管理研究》2020,40(23):239-247

为探究环境规制政策是否能够实现碳减排和经济增长的“双红利”,本研究采用松弛模型的方向距离函数(SBM-DDF)模型和空间面板计量方法,通过测算2006-2016年中国省域全要素碳生产率,刻画中国省域全要素碳生产率的空间特征,进一步厘清环境规制、技术创新对全要素碳生产率的影响机理。研究结果显示：(1)中国各省份全要素碳生产率存在显著的空间集聚特征,其中高-高集聚(H-H)省份多位于东部沿海发达地区,而低-低集聚(L-L)省份多位中西部欠发达地区;(2)环境规制会促进全要素碳生产率的提升,且环境规制对全要素碳生产率的“本地效应”大于“邻地效应”;(3)技术创新在环境规制对全要素碳生产率的影响中存在部分中介效应。  相似文献   

发现新型环境有机污染物的基本理论与方法          下载免费PDF全文

阮挺  江桂斌 《中国科学院院刊》2020,35(11):1328-1336

20世纪以来化学污染物导致的人类健康危害日益突出,数以万计的高生产量化学品伴随着生产和使用进入环境介质,给环境科学相关领域研究提出了若干新的科学问题。文章介绍了发现新型有机污染物研究方向设立的背景和科学意义,讨论了判别新型有机污染物分子结构、环境行为特征的基本原则,阐述了定量结构—性质关系模型预测、疑似目标/非目标分析、效应导向分析方法框架的技术思路和优势。对于新型有机污染物识别、行为和效应的深入探索,将为引领学科方向发展、完善化学品风险评估标准、揭示环境污染物的毒性和健康危害机制发挥重要的支撑作用。  相似文献   

A highly alkaline-stable metal oxide@metal–organic framework composite for high-performance electrochemical energy storage     

Shasha Zheng  Qing Li  Huaiguo Xue  Huan Pang  Qiang Xu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(2):305

Most metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) hardly maintain their physical and chemical properties after exposure to alkaline aqueous solutions, thus precluding their use as potential electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage devices. Here, we present the design and synthesis of a highly alkaline-stable metal oxide@MOF composite, Co₃O₄ nanocube@Co-MOF (Co₃O₄@Co-MOF), via a controllable and facile one-pot hydrothermal method under highly alkaline conditions. The obtained composite possesses exceptional alkaline stability, retaining its original structure in 3.0 M KOH for at least 15 days. Benefitting from the exceptional alkaline stability, unique structure, and larger surface area, the Co₃O₄@Co-MOF composite shows a specific capacitance as high as 1020 F g⁻¹ at 0.5 A  g⁻¹ and a high cycling stability with only 3.3% decay after 5000 cycles at 5 A g⁻¹. The as-constructed solid-state flexible device exhibits a maximum energy density of 21.6 mWh cm⁻³.  相似文献   

Encapsulating metal organic framework into hollow mesoporous carbon sphere as efficient oxygen bifunctional electrocatalyst     

Wanfeng Xiong  Hongfang Li  Hanhui You  Minna Cao  Rong Cao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(3):609

Applying metal organic frameworks (MOFs) in electrochemical systems is a currently emerging field owing to the rich metal nodes and highly specific surface area of MOFs. However, the problems for MOFs that need to be solved urgently are poor electrical conductivity and low ion transport. Here we present a facile in situ growth method for the rational synthesis of MOFs@hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (HMCS) yolk–shell-structured hybrid material for the first time. The size of the encapsulated Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-67 (ZIF-67) is well controlled to 100 nm due to the spatial confinement effect of HMCS, and the electrical conductivity of ZIF-67 is also increased significantly. The ZIF@HMCS-25% hybrid material obtained exhibits a highly efficient oxygen reduction reaction activity with 0.823 V (vs. reversible hydrogen electrode) half-wave potential and an even higher kinetic current density (J_K = 13.8 mA cm⁻²) than commercial Pt/C. ZIF@HMCS-25% also displays excellent oxygen evolution reaction performance and the overpotential of ZIF@HMCS-25% at 10 mA cm⁻² is 407 mV. In addition, ZIF@HMCS-25% is further employed as an air electrode for a rechargeable Zn–air battery, exhibiting a high power density (120.2 mW cm⁻² at 171.4 mA cm⁻²) and long-term charge/discharge stability (80 h at 5 mA cm⁻²). This MOFs@HMCS yolk–shell design provides a versatile method for the application of MOFs as electrocatalysts directly.  相似文献   

Molecular design revitalizes the low-cost PTV-polymer for highly efficient organic solar cells     

Junzhen Ren  Pengqing Bi  Jianqi Zhang  Jiao Liu  Jingwen Wang  Ye Xu  Zhixiang Wei  Shaoqing Zhang  Jianhui Hou 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(8)

Developing photovoltaic materials with simple chemical structures and easy synthesis still remains a major challenge in the industrialization process of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, an ester substituted poly(thiophene vinylene) derivative, PTVT-T, was designed and synthesized in very few steps by adopting commercially available raw materials. The ester groups on the thiophene units enable PTVT-T to have a planar and stable conformation. Moreover, PTVT-T presents a wide absorption band and strong aggregation effect in solution, which are the key characteristics needed to realize high performance in non-fullerene-acceptor (NFA)-based OSCs. We then prepared OSCs by blending PTVT-T with three representative fullerene- and NF-based acceptors, PC₇₁BM, IT-4F and BTP-eC9. It was found that PTVT-T can work well with all the acceptors, showing great potential to match new emerging NFAs. Particularly, a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 16.20% is achieved in a PTVT-T:BTP-eC9-based device, which is the highest value among the counterparts based on PTV derivatives. This work demonstrates that PTVT-T shows great potential for the future commercialization of OSCs.  相似文献