Does community poverty reduce children’s school attendance more at primary education than at secondary education? Evidence from post-conflict Sierra Leone     

Mamusu Kamanda 《Compare》2016,46(3):435-456

In Sierra Leone, the number of primary schools is almost seven times more than junior-secondary schools (JSS). Living in a poor community has been shown to reduce children’s school attendance because of lower access and poorer quality of education in these communities. However, it is unclear whether living in a poor community reduces attendance at primary school more than at JSS, given the wide disparities in school supply between the two educational tiers. Random effects logistic regression models are applied to the 2008 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey for analyses. The results show that living in a poor community reduces primary school attendance but increases attendance at JSS. These results reflect post-war reconstruction in Sierra Leone where: (1) primary schools were rapidly reconstructed without inspection, leading to poor-quality schools; and (2) the redevelopment of JSS was concentrated in war-torn areas, which had minimal access to post-primary education in the pre-war era.  相似文献   

对存款保险制度有效性的评价与思考     

毛愫璜 《宁波广播电视大学学报》2005,3(2):13-15

作为银行监管的三大措施之一，存款保险制度是目前大多数发达国家金融体系的重要组成部分。本文在分析目前存款保险制度现状的基础上，就存款保险制度对金融、经济发展的积极和消极作用进行了探讨。  相似文献   

影响会计信息质量的因素     

熊艳 《绵阳师范学院学报》2007,26(3):18-20,25

高质量的会计信息能反映企业的经营状况和财务成果,也是深化改革会计制度的重要保证。文章比较全面地分析了影响会计信息质量的几个因素:企业管理者、会计理论及准则、会计职业判断能力、会计人员、竞争策略、外部审计监督等。在此基础上提出了提高会计信息质量的建议。为进一步分析和提高会计信息质量提供一定的参考。  相似文献   

数控切割机共用割缝的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘菊兰 《淮北职业技术学院学报》2004,3(1):83-84,91

改变传统编程工艺,采用自动和手工编程方法相结合,实现共用割缝,以达到省工、省时、省料的目的。  相似文献   

Changes in energy availability across the season in Division I female soccer players     

Jennifer L. Reed  Mary Jane De Souza 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):314-324

Abstract

Low energy availability [(energy intake – exercise expenditure)/kg lean body mass], a component of the Female Athlete Triad, has been associated with menstrual disturbances and low bone mass. No studies have examined the energy availability of athletes across a season. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of, and what contributes to, low energy availability in Division I female soccer players across a season. Nineteen participants aged 18–21 years (mean [Vdot]O_2max: 57.0 ± 1.0 mL · kg^?1 · min^?1) were studied during the pre, mid, and post season. Mean energy availability was overall lowest at mid season, and lower at mid than post season (35.2 ± 3.7 vs. 44.5 ± 3.7 kcal · kg^?1 lean body mass, P = 0.009). Low energy availability (<30 kcal · kg^?1 lean body mass) was observed in 5/19 (26.3%), 5/15 (33.3%), and 2/17 (11.8%) of participants during the pre, mid, and post season. Dietary energy intake was lower mid (P = 0.008) and post season (P = 0.022) than it was pre season (pre: 2794 ± 233 kcal · day^?1; mid: 2208 ± 156 kcal · day^?1; post: 2161 ± 143 kcal · day^?1). Exercise energy expenditure decreased significantly (P ≤ 0.001) over time (pre: 819 ± 57 kcal · day^?1; mid: 642 ± 26 kcal · day^?1; post: 159 ± 28 kcal · day^?1). Low energy availability was due to lower dietary energy intake at lunch during pre season (P = 0.014) and during lunch and dinner during mid season (P ≤ 0.030). Energy availability was inversely related to body dissatisfaction (r = ?0.62, P = 0.017) and drive for thinness (r = ?0.55, P = 0.041) during mid season. Although most Division I female soccer players are not at risk for low energy availability, a concerning proportion exhibited low energy availability at pre or mid season. Further studies are needed to explore strategies to prevent and monitor low energy availability in these athletes.  相似文献   

Parallel assessment of nutrition and activity in athletes: Validation against doubly labelled water, 24-h urea excretion,and indirect calorimetry     

Karsten Koehler  Hans Braun  Markus De Marées  Gerhard Fusch  Christoph Fusch  Joachim Mester 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(13):1435-1449

Abstract

The assessment of nutrition and activity in athletes requires accurate and precise methods. The aim of this study was to validate a protocol for parallel assessment of diet and exercise against doubly labelled water, 24-h urea excretion, and respiratory gas exchange. The participants were 14 male triathletes under normal training conditions. Energy intake and doubly labelled water were weakly associated with each other (r = 0.69, standard error of estimate [SEE] = 304 kcal · day^?1). Protein intake was strongly correlated with 24-h urea (r = 0.89) but showed considerable individual variation (SEE = 0.34 g · kg^?1 · day^?1). Total energy expenditure based on recorded activities was highly correlated with doubly labelled water (r = 0.95, SEE = 195 kcal · day^?1) but was proportionally biased. During running and cycling, estimated exercise energy expenditure was highly correlated with gas exchange (running: r = 0.89, SEE = 1.6 kcal · min^?1; cycling: r = 0.95, SEE = 1.4 kcal · min^?1). High exercise energy expenditure was slightly underestimated during running. For nutrition data, variations appear too large for precise measurements in individual athletes, which is a common problem of dietary assessment methods. Despite the high correlations of total energy expenditure and exercise energy expenditure with reference methods, a correction for systematic errors is necessary for the valid estimation of energetic requirements in individual athletes.  相似文献   

远程教育学习支持服务系统的构成与有效性探析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

千里 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2002,19(2):108-109

从需求的角度出发,探讨远程教育学习支持服务系统由那些必备要素构成,这些要素是如何相互联系共同作用于教学活动各方面的。从而确定学习支持服务系统的地位和作用。  相似文献   

网络环境下科技资源开放共享评价指标体系的构建     

赵伟  张新民彭洁屈宝强  宋立荣 《中国科技资源导刊 (中国信息导报)》2013,(3):7-13

分析网络环境下科技资源开放共享评价的“可见性－可得性－可用性”模型中相关环节的映射关系,提出 评价的5 个基本原则。围绕着可见性、可得性和可用性一级指标,提炼和构建2 级和3 级共性评价指标。针对科技实物 资源和科技信息资源等不同类型资源的特征和属性,分析并提出差异性的评价指标,为进一步细化、分解并设立不同 条件下的科技资源共享评价指标体系提供依据。  相似文献   

资源获取、创业导向与新创企业绩效关系研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

朱秀梅 《科学学研究》2008,26(3):589-595

 本文拓展了创业导向与绩效关系的经典模型,构建了资源可获得性、创业导向、环境动态性、资源整合能力与新创企业绩效之间的关系模型,通过实证分析验证理论模型及所提出的假设。  相似文献   

“国培计划”政策实施的有效性研究——以我校的国家级音乐骨干教师培训为例     

张慧春  李升兴  补爱军 《怀化学院学报》2011,30(10):121-122

提升教师素质,促进教师专业发展是教师培训的核心。通过对国家级音乐骨干教师培训在政策执行过程的实践研究,分析其存在的一些问题并提出改进措施,为进一步完善教师培训政策提供决策依据。  相似文献