Confidence in prior knowledge,self-efficacy,interest and prior knowledge: Influences on conceptual change     

《Contemporary educational psychology》2014,39(2):164-174

This study explored how confidence in prior knowledge, self-efficacy, interest, and prior knowledge interact in conceptual change learning. One hundred and sixteen college students completed an assessment of confidence in prior knowledge, self-efficacy, interest, prior scientific understanding, and prior misconceptions before reading a refutation text on seasonal change. Students’ misconceptions and scientific understanding of seasonal change was then assessed before and after reading a refutation text, and again at a two week delayed posttest. Three profiles of students emerged based on their confidence in prior knowledge, self-efficacy, interest, prior scientific understanding, and prior misconceptions. The profiles included: (1) Low (low confidence, self-efficacy, interest, and prior scientific understanding and high prior misconceptions), (2) mixed (high confidence, self-efficacy, and interest, but low prior scientific understanding and high prior misconceptions), and (3) high (high confidence, self-efficacy, interest, and prior scientific understanding and low prior misconceptions). Results indicated that the mixed profile appeared to be most productive for conceptual change and that learner characteristics most productive for conceptual change learning may differ from those most productive in other learning situations.  相似文献   

In the hearts and minds of employees: A model of pre-adoptive appraisal toward artificial intelligence in organizations     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

Organizations face increasing pressure to implement artificial intelligence (AI) within a variety of business processes and functions. Many perceived benefits surround AI, but a considerable amount of trepidation also exists because of the potential of AI to replace human employees and dehumanize work. Questions regarding the future of work in the age of AI are particularly salient in pre-adoption organizations, before employees have the opportunity to gain direct experience with AI. To cope with this potentially stressful situation, employees engage in cognitive appraisal processes based on their own knowledge and personal use of AI. These pre-adoptive appraisals of AI influence both affective and cognitive attitudes, which in turn trigger behavioral responses that influence an organization’s ability to leverage AI successfully. Our survey of 363 Taiwanese employees shows that perceptions of AI’s operational and cognitive capabilities are positively related to affective and cognitive attitudes toward AI, while concerns regarding AI have a negative relationship with affective attitude only. Interaction effects of employee knowledge and affective attitude are also observed. This work’s main contribution lies in the development of an empirically-tested model of the potential impact of AI on organizations from an employee perspective in the pre-adoption phase. These results have practical implications for how organizations prepare for the arrival of this transformative technology.  相似文献   

The Metamorphosis of Industrial Designers from Novices to Experts     

Ju‐Joan Wong  Po‐Yu Chen  Chun‐Di Chen 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》2016,35(1):140-153

Professional training for designers is crucial in the field of design studies. The characteristics of novices versus those of expert designers have been identified in the literature; however, studies exploring the issue of professional training processes in the actual workplace are not well developed. Our study addresses the topic by using qualitative research methods along with flexible design. Collected data from the interviewees with different work experience were analysed by open, axial and selective coding. Herein, we argue that the processes by which a designer transforms from a novice into an expert in the industry are constructed through the interaction of several complicated factors. The re‐learning inherent in design professions is implemented through knowledge transfer gained from participation in design projects, particularly regarding tacit knowledge. Also, the novice's process of learning and training yields the characteristics and skills that companies and firms require of designers; this process involves a series of disciplinary sub‐processes, from destructive to reconstructive, implemented by employers. In these sub‐processes, the subjectivity of designers is neglected, leading to the suppression of imaginative expression and feelings of alienation among these workers.  相似文献   

我国少数民族传统体育运动会研究的知识图谱分析*     

韩金勇  何佳莉  肖庆群 《广州体育学院学报》2017,37(2):78-83

中国少数民族传统体育运动(简称民族运动会)是富有中国特色的体育赛事,它的举办具有弘扬民族传统文化、促进民族团结的功效.以中国知网收录的347篇与民族运动会研究相关文献为研究对象,采用citespaceⅢ进行了关键词共现、成果产出作者、机构等分析.结果显示:当前,民族运动会研究发文量增加显著,研究视角呈多元化发展态势,历经了起步、持续发展、高度发展三个阶段;研究的主题主要集中在基础理论、发展历程及走向、制度建设、社会向度、项目设置及竞赛项目等方面.结合存在的问题,指出民族运动会未来研究应重视全民健身、体育产业、大数据等视角的探析.  相似文献   

我国中学体育研究的知识图谱分析     

杨忠英 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(5):153-155,158

为给中学体育的进一步研究和发展提供参考,本文采用可视化分析法、文献资料法、数理统计法等研究方法,以2019年以前在核心期刊和CSSCI期刊上发表的有关中学体育研究的论文为研究对象,运用Cite Space V可视化分析软件绘制出关于中学体育研究的知识图谱并进行分析和解读。结果表明:(1)我国中学体育研究领域的论文发文量整体上呈现出不规则的倒"V"字型;(2)我国中学体育研究领域的学者合作不够密切,大部分学者处于各自为战的状态;(3)我国中学体育研究领域科研机构之间松散的合作局面不利于该领域的发展;(4)中学体育领域的研究由集中化向多元化方向发展,且该领域的研究热点大多分布在中学体育的主体、中学体育教学、不同地区的中学体育、中学体育的发展4个方面。  相似文献   

Diverse socio-technical aspects of a digital archive of Aboriginal languages     

Catherine Bow 《档案与原稿》2019,47(1):94-112

ABSTRACT

A socio-technical approach is taken to explore a digital archive of Australian Indigenous cultural heritage. The Living Archive of Aboriginal Languages is considered in terms of what it is currently doing and what it was intended to do. Two ethnographic stories focusing on user interactions and the outcomes of an online survey serve to evaluate the effectiveness of the Archive from the perspective of different users. This is then juxtaposed with a consideration of the original grant application, outlining what was envisaged for the project. This analysis serves to highlight some of the contingent relations and diverse socio-technical aspects of a specific knowledge infrastructure, as it allows multiple forms of interaction, new connections and generative activities as people discover, access and interact with the content now and into the future.  相似文献   

Social relations as predictors of achievement in math in Kenyan primary schools     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2014

In sub-Saharan Africa, where there is limited financial and human capital, it is important to examine how social relationships may serve to promote or undermine human capital formation. However, little is known about the contributions of social relations to human capital development, especially in terms of academic achievement in Africa. This study examined how variations in key aspects of social relations among teachers; between teachers and students; between principals, teachers, parents and students affect achievement in mathematics among sixth graders in 70 schools in six districts in Kenya. We modeled mathematics achievement as a function of measures of social perception and support while adjusting for school-, classroom- and student level background characteristics. We found that net of teacher subject knowledge and background characteristics, teachers who display commitment to teaching by always correcting homework and keeping students engaged during math lessons had their students performing better. Teacher absenteeism and lack of interest in teaching were negatively associated with performance in math. Lack of parental involvement in the classroom also had negative effects on grades. At the school level, the level of engagement of the principal, measured by supervision of teachers and good interpersonal interactions with parents had positive effects on math achievement. Schools where parents provided material and financial support had better grades, while student delinquency and absenteeism negatively affected grades.  相似文献   

足球踢球动作技能学习中背景干扰效应的实验研究          下载免费PDF全文

余方亮 《河北体育学院学报》2019,33(1):67-73

目的：探讨初学者在足球踢球动作技能学习过程中是否存在背景干扰效应，并分析原因。方法：以足球脚背内侧踢定位球动作技能作为学习任务，选取某大学足球专修班的33名学生为研究对象，分成对照组和两个实验组，进行10周的体育教学现场实验，对一周后保持测试的达标和技评成绩进行单因素方差分析。结果：三组保持测试的达标和技评成绩均值，在0.05水平上差异不具有显著性。结论：实验结果未能出现背景干扰效应，未能验证本研究提出的研究假设和背景干扰效应假说的最主要原因是，足球脚背内侧踢定位球的复杂性任务特征。  相似文献   

Computer,craft, complexity,change: explorations into science teacher knowledge     

Judith Mulholland 《Studies in Science Education》2013,49(1):41-62

In this article we review the notion of teacher knowledge from four metaphorical standpoints – teacher knowledge as computer, as craft, as complexity and as change. We employ each of these metaphors to examine and analyse the work of one teacher of science. We draw implications from our analysis for teacher education, teacher development and the study of teaching.  相似文献   

国际羽毛球专利技术竞争情报的可视化分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邢双涛 《北京体育大学学报》2016,39(7):45-51

摘要：为了解国际羽毛球专利技术的发展情况，运用文献资料法、知识图谱可视化分析等方法，利用文献计量可视化软件CitespaceⅢ对从《德温特创新索引》专利数据库收集的3 985篇国际羽毛球专利文献（1963-2015年）进行可视化分析，并以可视化图谱的形式呈现出羽毛球专利的时间、学科领域、专利权人、发明人、热点技术领域及核心专利领域的分布特征。研究结果显示：1963-2015年国际羽毛球专利的申请量一直处于平稳增长趋势；研究领域主要分布在仪器、体育科学、化学、工程设计、高分子科学、材料科学、计算机科学、交通运输、农学、建筑工程学、通信技术、综合内科医学、冶金及冶金工程学、能源与燃料科学、成像科学与摄影技术、光学领域、药物学及制药业领域等17个学科领域；主要专利权人和核心专利主要集中在美国、日本的一些大型企业中；热点专利技术领域主要集中在羽毛球的球拍构造、球、球弦、球网的绷紧和调解装置等比赛器材的研发以及比赛照明装置等方面。力争获取羽毛球专利研发的热点领域信息，服务相关企业和研发机构。  相似文献