知识网络的构建过程分析   总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29  

李丹  俞竹超  樊治平 《科学学研究》2002,20(6):620-623

本文在分析组织存在知识缺口问题的基础上 ,指出了构建知识网络的实际意义 ,并进一步提出了知识网络构建过程中的构成要素、构建原则和构建方法。最后通过春兰集团的一个实际分析案例 ,说明了组织如何构建知识网络以及知识网络所体现的显著成效  相似文献   

Role of pump prime in the etiology of cardio-pulmonary bypass associated acidosis     

O. P. Sanjay  Kshma Kilpadi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2002,17(1):42-44

The development of metabolic acidosis during cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) is a well recognized but poorly explained phenomenon. It has been hypothesized that it is purely a development after the delivery of pump prime. A retrospective study was conducted at our hospital on 68 patients who underwent elective coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Sampling of arterial blood was performed at three time intervals: (T₁) Baseline, prior to induction; (T₂) 5 minutes after initiation of CPB and prior to administration of cardioplegia solution; (T3) during rewarming prior to weaning the patient off CPB. Measurements of Na⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, pH, pCO₂, HCO₃ ⁻, Base excess, Anion gap, Strong ion difference at each collection point were performed. Results were analyzed in a quantitative manner. On delivery of pump prime, all patients' developed metabolic acidosis. However, it is very important to distinguish the metabolic acidosis as their management varies. Anion gap has been found to be useful in managing peri-operative metabolic acidosis.  相似文献   

论性别平等在构建和谐社会中的重要意义     

金梅  李晓燕 《郧阳师范高等专科学校学报》2007,27(4):98-99,122

在建设社会主义和谐社会过程中人是建设和谐社会的主体，构建社会主义和谐社会是全社会的共同责任和奋斗目标，必须坚持以人为本。人类社会是男女共同构成的，构建和谐社会我们不能忽视占人口半教的女性的贡献。可是，我国当前的社会性别平等意识相对薄弱，与构建和谐社会的要求还有一定的距离。因此，实现社会性别平等对构建和谐社会具有重要的意义。  相似文献   

The Dutch gender gap in mathematics: Small for achievement, substantial for beliefs and attitudes   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Martina Meelissen  Hans Luyten 《Studies in Educational Evaluation》2008,34(2):82

In general, studies on gender and mathematics show that the advantage held by boys over girls in mathematics achievement has diminished markedly over the last 40 years. Some researchers even argue that gender differences in mathematics achievement are no longer a relevant issue. However, the results of the Trends in Mathematics and Science Study of 2003 (TIMSS-2003), as well as the participation rates of girls in (advanced) mathematics courses, show that in some countries, such as the Netherlands, gender equity in mathematics is still far from a reality. Research on gender and mathematics is often limited to the relationship between gender differences in attitudes toward mathematics and gender differences in mathematics achievement. In school effectiveness research, theories and empirical evidence emphasize the importance of certain school and class characteristics (e.g., strong educational leadership, safe and orderly learning climate) for achievement and attitudes. However, there is little information available at to whether these factors have the same or a different influence on the achievement of girls and boys. This study used the Dutch data from TIMSS-2003 to explore the relationship between school- and class characteristics and the mathematics achievement and attitudes for both girls and boys in Grade 4 of the primary school. The explorations documented in this paper were guided by a conceptual model of concentric circles and involved multilevel analyses. Interaction effects with gender were assessed for each influencing factor that turned out to have a significant effect. The results of these analyses provide additional insight into the influence that non-school-related and school-related factors have on the mathematics achievement and attitudes of girls and boys.  相似文献   

‘I don’t do the mothering role that lots of female teachers do’: male teachers,gender, power and social organisation   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Malcolm Haase 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2008,29(6):597-608

The present article reports on a research project investigating the experiences of male primary teachers in Queensland, Australia. While its findings cannot be presented as indicative of all male teachers in all contexts, it does, however, send a warning to policy‐makers that the employment of more male teachers may not be in the best interests of gender justice unless such strategies designed to attract more male teachers are informed by sophisticated understandings of gender and social power. Utilising a (pro) feminist post‐structuralist theoretical perspective, it is demonstrated how some male teachers contribute to the maintenance of segregated work roles, which is of central importance to the continuance of gender power differentials in a patriarchal society. The research method focused on social relationships and involved a series of semi‐structured/life history interviews with 11 male teachers, six female teachers, two male principals and two female principals. An important implication from this research is that the employment of male teachers must be accompanied by an awareness of how teacher practice impacts upon the socialisation of students and how such practice reinforces or contributes to change in the broader gender system.  相似文献   

省县之间的治理空间与制度连接:现当代中国的专区与地区政制——兼评《专区与地区政府法制研究》   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王续添  刘良 《教学与研究》2008,(11)

专区和地区政制在现当代中国地方政制架构中起着连接省、县之间制度运行的独特作用,但这一事实又与法理存在着某种不协调,体现出治理空间与制度的不适应。其缘由是省县之间的治理空间客观上造成了治理困境,必须在省县基本制度架构之外,加以制度补充,专区和地区政制也因之成为省县之间一个必然的制度层级。在一定的历史条件下,尤其是一个国家从传统向现代转型的过程中,治理空间的调整和制度选择是政治和社会发展的重大问题。  相似文献   

First steps toward gender equity in the chemistry Olympiad: Understanding the role of implicit gender‐science stereotypes     

Anneke Steegh  Tim Hffler  Lars Hft  Ilka Parchmann 《科学教学研究杂志》2021,58(1):40-68

Girls are underrepresented in mathematical and science Olympiads, global informal learning activities which often serve as stepping stones for admission to top universities and future STEM careers. The present article aims to investigate the role of implicit gender‐science stereotypes on representation and achievement among participants of the German Chemistry Olympiad using a cross‐sectional online study (N = 445, mean age 16.5 years, 51% female) entailing the Implicit Association Test and two motivational scales. This study was the first of its kind to use moderated mediation analysis to examine the effects of gender‐science stereotypes on participation and achievement, mediated by the expectancy and value beliefs self‐concept and topic interest. We found that in the female group, gender‐science stereotypes negatively predicted the participants' willingness to continue in the competition. This relationship was mediated through topic interest. In addition, we found self‐concept predictive for further participation among female participants, as well as for competition score among both gender groups. Furthermore, topic interest positively predicted male participants' willingness to continue with the competition. The results underline the negative association of implicit gender stereotypes with female participation in the German Chemistry Olympiad. Organizations such as the German Chemistry Olympiad should therefore critically reflect on existing gender biases within their own structure. In doing so they can create an environment that has the potential to heighten self‐concept and interest for all participants equally. Our findings add to existing expectancy‐value research in the context of gender differences in mathematics and science, supporting potential strategies toward gender equity.  相似文献   

Design of Paper-Based Visual Analogue Scale Items     

Klemens Weigl  Thomas Forstner 《Educational and psychological measurement》2021,81(3):595

Paper-based visual analogue scale (VAS) items were developed 100 years ago. Although they gained great popularity in clinical and medical research for assessing pain, they have been scarcely applied in other areas of psychological research for several decades. However, since the beginning of digitization, VAS have attracted growing interest among researchers for carrying out computerized and paper-based data assessments. In the present study, we investigated the research question “Which different design characteristics of paper-based VAS items are preferred by women and men?” Based on a sample of 115 participants (68 female), our results revealed that the respondents preferred a paper-based VAS item with a horizontal, 8-cm long, 3 DTP (“desktop publishing point”) wide, black line, with flat line endpoints, and the ascending numerical anchors “0” and “10”, both for women and men. Although we did not identify any gender difference in these characteristics, our findings uncovered clear preferences on how to design paper-based VAS items.  相似文献   

A distributional analysis of the gender wage gap among technical degree and diploma holders in urban India     

《International Journal of Educational Development》2021

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扩招后我国高等教育资金筹措机制研究     

鲍威 《教育发展研究》2007,(Z1)

1999年之后,中国高等教育经历了跨越式的发展。高校规模的数量性扩张,给高等教育财政带来了怎样的冲击?同时,这种变化将给高等教育机构的运作行为,尤其是高等教育质量的维持与提高造成怎样的影响?本文将聚焦于高等教育资金的筹措机制,对扩招后我国高等教育的财政拨款模式、资源配置、学费定价、不同类型高校的资金筹措行为及其背后隐含的问题进行剖析与思考。  相似文献