罗丝:父权社会的“木偶”     

何青芒 《丽水学院学报》2015,(1):30-34

美国作家杰克·伦敦的小说《马丁·伊登》自出版以来备受关注,主人公马丁·伊登更是批评界争论的焦点。许多批评者认为,女主人公罗丝是"谋害"男主人公马丁·伊登的"凶手"。但从性别视角来看,罗丝并非"凶手",而是受害者。整个故事中,罗丝受制于父权社会,扮演"引诱天使"和"驯兽师"诱惑、规训马丁·伊登,是一只不能"自我言说"的"沉默羔羊"。  相似文献   

论《聊斋志异》中的“阴盛阳衰”现象     

陈晨 《蒙自师范高等专科学校学报》2015,(3):57-61

中国封建社会长期以来都是以男性角色占主导的社会,文学是现实的反映,这种历史现象无疑会映射到当时的文学作品中去,然而蒲松龄的《聊斋志异》中却出现了引人注目的"阴盛阳衰"现象。文章试图从女性意识的强化和男性意识的弱化两方面对这一现象进行分析,并试图找出出现这种现象的原因所在,从而为解读《聊斋志异》提供一个较为独特的视角。  相似文献   

中央政策的决策者与目标群体之博弈--以退耕还林政策为例     

姚贱苟 《广西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2015,(3):44-49

中央政策的决策者与政策调整对象的目标群体在政策执行中面临资源的稀缺性,双方存在利益相对独立性,致使博弈的合作往往短暂,博弈的不合作则为常态。退耕还林政策的中央决策者与目标群体表现为囚徒困境和性别之战的两种不合作博弈,前者源于背弃是最优化的主导策略,后者源于收益差别从而协调难成,使集体理性处于困境。综合两种博弈类型与结构,要改变不合作博弈图景,实现合作下的集体理性,须创制第三方制约力量、完善信息沟通机制、健全政策体系。  相似文献   

The unacknowledged value of female academic labour power for male research careers     

Petra Angervall  Jan Gustafsson 《高等教育研究与发展》2015,34(5):815-827

Academic work in Sweden's higher education system is changing character. Distinctly different career pathways are emerging, as facilities for developing research careers and capital have become both more restricted and more dependent on external funding. These developments are in focus in the present article. Based on ethnographic research and a series of semi-structured interviews with new academics and senior academic mentors in education faculties, the research suggests that several factors intercede in how careers are developed and experienced. The unacknowledged exploitation of female academic labour is perhaps amongst the more significant of these.  相似文献   

Researching female professors: the difficulties of representation,positionality and power in feminist research     

Kate Hoskins 《Gender and education》2015,27(4):393-411

This article draws on findings from my doctoral research to exemplify some of the difficulties I encountered when interviewing 20 female professors¹1. In the UK context, the title of ‘professor’ is reserved for full professors only – that is, those with either an established or personal chair. and subsequently writing about their life histories. In this article, I discuss how I addressed the issues of representing and positioning my participants, and I reflect on the power dynamics present in the research process. The article contends that by drawing on Bourdieu and Wacquant's [An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press] understanding of reflexivity and feminist interpretations of their work including McNay [“Gender, Habitus and the Field: Pierre Bourdieu and the Limits of Reflexivity.” Theory Culture Society 16: 95] and Adkins [“Reflexivity Freedom or Habit of Gender?” Theory Culture Society 20: 21], valuable research can be produced, despite the difficulties. A related aim of this paper is to reflect back after four years in an academic post on my position as a novice researcher, and some of the associated issues facing doctoral students, particularly the problems with researching upwards [Walford, G. 2011 Walford, G. 2011. “Researching the Powerful.” British Educational Research Association on-line resource. Accessed March 17, 2014. www.bera.ac.uk/system/files/Researching%20the%20Powerful.pdf [Google Scholar]. “Researching the Powerful. British Educational Research Association On-line Resource.” Accessed March 17, 2014. www.bera.ac.uk/system/files/Researching%20the%20Powerful.pdfWalford 2011].  相似文献   

Dinosaur discourses: taking stock of gendered learning myths     

Michele Paule 《Gender and education》2015,27(7):744-758

The persistence of gendered learning myths in educational contexts and the wider imaginary continues to trouble feminist educational researchers and practitioners. The tracing of such myths and the categories they create through authoritative and elite discourses of the past suggests how they have functioned across different fields to preserve a hierarchised binary. Gendered myths seem to be lent authority by some of the more popular claims of contemporary neuroscience as they were by the nascent Victorian psychological sciences. Adopting Le Doeuff's [2003. The Sex of Knowing. Translated by K. Hamer and L. Code. London: Routledge] heuristic of identifying which attributes are absorbed into masculine intellectual legacies and which ‘cast off’ to women allows for a focus on patterns of privileging of learning discourses across the humanities and sciences, and the ways these are constituted in historical and contemporary contexts.  相似文献   

Standing by … standing off – troublesome compassion in the relationships of school boys     

Tuija Huuki  Vappu Sunnari 《Gender and education》2015,27(5):555-574

This paper draws on the story of ‘Mikael’, a schoolboy from northern Finland, to examine how his affective ties of compassion and his pursuit of dominant forms of masculinity evolve in his journey from middle childhood to young adulthood. In his earlier years, Mikael's speech regarding his relationships with peers and family members indicates a non-hierarchical sympathetic orientation, enabling sensitivity to diverse vulnerabilities. Over time, his speech reflects more and more the ideals of dominating masculinity and hierarchical relationality, and it is marked by ‘inner-circle’ compassion that excludes people considered vulnerable and/or ‘Other’. The authors argue that the challenge of balancing compassionate concern, masculinity and social position generates heavy costs, imposing on young men not only the heavy burden of fulfilling the requirements of culturally esteemed masculinity, but also a partial loss of being in touch with one's inner faculties of emotions and imagination.  相似文献   

High school boys’ and girls’ writing conceptions and writing self-efficacy beliefs: what is their role in writing performance?     

Ruth Villalón  Mar Mateos  Isabel Cuevas 《教育心理学》2015,35(6):653-674

This study investigated the conceptions about writing and writing self-efficacy beliefs held by high school students in relation to the students’ gender as well as their associations with writing achievement. The results show that female students have more sophisticated writing conceptions than their male counterparts but no gender differences were found in writing self-efficacy beliefs. In addition, results reveal that writing self-efficacy beliefs and gender play an important role in predicting writing performance and that writing performance is moderated by students’ writing conceptions. Educational implications and further research are discussed.  相似文献   

Are boys that bad? Gender gaps in measured skills,grades and aspirations in Czech elementary schools     

Petr Matějů 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2015,36(6):871-895

This article examines gender gaps in academic performance (grades in mathematics and reading) between boys and girls of ninth-grade elementary schools in the Czech Republic. Our analysis is based on 2003 data from the Programme for International Student Assessment, encompassing the academic performance and family background of ninth-grade pupils. Similar to research on other countries, we find that girls strongly outperform boys in grades in Czech language, but that this gender gap is not explained by measured ability in reading nor on family background or student attributes. We also find gender bias in mathematics grades, after controlling for measured ability and other factors. Girls are also substantially more likely than boys to apply to secondary grammar schools, as well as aspire to a college education, even after controlling for measured ability. We put forward a number of theoretical perspectives that shed light on the possible causes of these empirical findings.  相似文献   

Innovative learning and developments in motivation and achievement in upper primary school     

Lisette Hornstra  Ineke van der Veen  Thea Peetsma  Monique Volman 《教育心理学》2015,35(5):598-633

Although previous research has shown the potential of innovative learning for enhancing motivation and learning outcomes, further understanding is needed on which aspects of IL are most effective and whether these are equally motivating for different types of students. The present study investigated how developments in students’ motivation and achievement related to different aspects of innovative learning (i.e. authentic learning, collaborative learning and focusing on self-regulation), and whether these relations varied by students’ background characteristics. A sample of 722 grade five students from the Netherlands (average age 11?years old) and their teachers completed questionnaires during four measurements from grade five to grade six. Autoregression analyses were performed. Results showed both positive and negative relations between IL and developments in students’ motivation and achievement, indicating that IL is not a unidimensional construct. Furthermore, the effectiveness of different aspects of IL depended on students’ gender, and social and ethnic background characteristics.  相似文献