Black boxes in analytical chemistry： University students misconceptions of instrumental analysis     

Antonio Domenech Carbo  Jose Vicente Gimeno Adelantado Francisco Bosch Reig 《美中教育评论》2010,7(7):15-29

Misconceptions of chemistry and chemical engineering university students concerning instrumental analysis have been established from coordinated tests, tutorial interviews and laboratory lessons. Misconceptions can be divided into： （1） formal, involving specific concepts and formulations within the general frame of chemistry; （2） operational/topical, dealing with specific capabilities, problems and operations in chemistry; （3） methodological, associated to peculiar methods of analytical chemistry and data treatment; and （4） social, regarding the relation of analytical data with the social frame. Such misconceptions define a non-structured view of analytical methods, procedures and protocols related with analytical instrumentation. Instruments are frequently viewed as an autonomous, error-free black box providing non-structured data with no need of calibration or control, whereas weak relationships are established between data and aims along the analytical process.  相似文献   

Application of near-infrared spectroscopy to predict sweetpotato starch thermal properties and noodle quality   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Lu GQ  Huang HH  Zhang DP 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2006,7(6):475-481

Sweetpotato starch thermal properties and its noodle quality were analyzed using a rapid predictive method based on near-infrared spectroscopy （NIRS）. This method was established based on a total of 93 sweetpotato genotypes with diverse genetic background. Starch samples were scanned by NIRS and analyzed for quality properties by reference methods. Results of statistical modelling indicated that NIRS was reasonably accurate in predicting gelatinization onset temperature （To） （standard error of prediction SEP=2.014 ℃, coefficient of determination RSQ=0.85）, gelatinization peak temperature （Tp） （SEP=-1.371 ℃, RSQ=0.89）, gelatinization temperature range （Tr） （SEP=2.234 ℃, RSQ=0.86）, and cooling resistance （CR） （SEP=0.528, RSQ=0.89）. Gelatinization completion temperature （To）, enthalpy of gelatinization （△H）, cooling loss （CL） and swelling degree （SWD）, were modelled less well with RSQ between 0.63 and 0.84. The present results suggested that the NIRS based method was sufficiently accurate and practical for routine analysis of sweetpotato starch and its noodle quality.  相似文献   

基于仿生超疏水的拉曼光谱综合实验设计北大核心     

高宇坤  尤汀汀  殷鹏刚 《实验技术与管理》2022,(1):191-193

文章以研究生实验课程为例,设计了一种基于仿生超疏水微纳多级结构基底制备及在表面增强拉曼光谱中应用的全新实验课程实施方案,分析了该实验课程在研究生教学中的优势。该实验通过引入前沿科学问题、提出新型分析手段以及结合实际应用等方式,对实验方法、实验步骤进行了改进设计,有利于提高学生的科研兴趣,培养他们的创新思维,锻炼他们的钻研精神。  相似文献   

碱金属气室参数测试教学实验平台搭建北大核心     

韩邦成  陆吉玺  张少文  翟跃阳  胡朝晖 《实验技术与管理》2022,(1):56-58

碱金属气室是原子磁强计、原子陀螺仪、原子钟等量子传感器的核心敏感元件,其内部的碱金属原子蒸汽通过与激光、磁场等相互作用,实现对物理量的高精度测量。实验室搭建了针对一类高温、高压碱金属气室的参数测试教学实验平台,该平台通过测量激光吸收光谱,获得气室内部缓冲气体的压强以及碱金属原子蒸汽的原子数密度。该平台使学生能够直接观察到激光与原子的相互作用,有助于学生加深对碱金属气室的理解以及培养学生的实验动手能力,同时也为研究生和本科生的相关课程提供了有力支撑。  相似文献