科学奖励中的个人与集体——以青蒿素获奖引发争论事件为例     

李正风  张改珍 《科学学研究》2015,33(6)

屠呦呦因发现青蒿素获得拉斯克医学奖,在中国引发了关于科学奖励中个人与集体关系的争论。本文在阐明青蒿素大协作背景及发现过程的基础上,分析并比较中国科学承认和奖励中"集体主义"价值取向与美国科学奖励中注重独创性和个人发现优先权的"个人主义"价值取向,最后本文讨论了如何处理科学奖励中个人与集体的关系问题,指出个人导向的奖励制度与个人产权为基础的国家产权结构,集体导向的奖励制度与公共产权结构密切联系,并认为两种奖励制度各有优劣,如何在制度设计中更好地处理科学奖励中集体与个体的关系仍然是一个值得研究的问题。  相似文献   

Krasnoselskii不动点定理的一个应用     

何青胶  李三舸 《绵阳师范学院学报》2015,(5)

不动点理论是研究方程解的存在性的一种强有力的工具.本文主要考虑了一类特殊的积分方程,并应用Krasnoselskii不动点定理得到了该类积分方程解的存在性.  相似文献   

一类半线性积分方程的Stepanov型μ-伪概自守解     

韦雪艳 《滨州学院学报》2015,(2):18-25

通过运用Stepanov型μ-伪概自守函数的概念,研究半线性积分方程在Banach空间中关于有界解的一些新的存在性结果。首先建立了这类函数的新的组合定理,并且通过这类函数的遍历性和组合定理,结合积分预解族的定义和性质,利用不动点定理和压缩原理得到半线性积分方程的μ-伪概自守解的存在唯一结果的主要结论。  相似文献   

Lyapunov-based design of locally collocated controllers for semi-linear parabolic PDE systems     

Jun-Wei Wang  Huai-Ning Wu 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》2014

The design problem of collocated feedback controllers is addressed in this paper for a class of semi-linear distributed parameter systems described by parabolic partial differential equation (PDE), where a finite number of local actuators and sensors are intermittently distributed in space. A Lyapunov direct method for the exponential stability analysis of the resulting closed-loop system is first presented for the system, in which the first mean value theorem for integration and the Wirtinger's inequality are employed. The corresponding stabilization condition is then derived through the analysis result. Finally, the proposed design method is implemented on the feedback control of a fisher equation and its effectiveness is evaluated through simulation results.  相似文献   

Information resources estimation for accurate distribution-based concept drift detection     

《Information processing & management》2022,59(3):102911

Machine learning applications must continually utilize label information from the data stream to detect concept drift and adapt to the dynamic behavior. Due to the computational expensiveness of label information, it is impractical to assume that the data stream is fully labeled. Therefore, much research focusing on semi-supervised concept drift detection has been proposed. Despite the large research effort in the literature, there is a lack of analysis on the information resources required with the achievable concept drift detection accuracy. Hence, this paper aims to answer the unexplored research question of “How many labeled samples are required to detect concept drift accurately?” by proposing an analytical framework to analyze and estimate the information resources required to detect concept drift accurately. Specifically, this paper disintegrates the distribution-based concept drift detection task into a learning task and a dissimilarity measurement task for independent analyses. The analyses results are then correlated to estimate the required number of labels within a set of data samples to detect concept drift accurately. The proximity of the information resources estimation is evaluated empirically, where the results suggest that the estimation is accurate with high amount of information resources provided. Additionally, estimation results of a state-of-the-art method and a benchmark data set are reported to show the applicability of the estimation by proposed analytical framework within benchmarked environments. In general, the estimation from the proposed analytical framework can serve as guidance in designing systems with limited information resources. This paper also hopes to assist in identifying research gaps and inspiring new research ideas regarding the analysis of the amount of information resources required for accurate concept drift detection.  相似文献   

完善研究生奖助体系提升研究生培养质量     

孙晓 《科教文汇》2014,(33):181-182

研究生奖助体系是一个国家研究生教育制度的重要组成部分。科学合理的研究生奖助学金体系设计不仅能够吸引更多的优秀学子进入研究生教育阶段继续深造,而且能够激励在校研究生更加专注于课程学习、专业实践以及学术研究,从而形成生源质量高、学业满意度高的良性循环。本文在分析我国研究生奖助体系现状的基础上,提出应该从多方入手,使我国研究生奖助体系资金来源更加多元化、奖助体系设置更加人性化、从设计到实施更加专业化。  相似文献   

无穷大开簇上构型出现次数的强大数律和中心极限定理(英文)     

唐鹏飞  郭田德 《中国科学院大学学报》2014,31(4):445-452

考虑定义在整点格网Ld上的参数为p的上临界Bernoulli渗流,研究无穷大开簇上构型的发生情况.用Λn表示一个给定的构型P在限制于框B(n)=[-n,n]d中的无穷大开簇上发生的次数,得到了关于Λn的强大数律和中心极限定理.  相似文献   

The BCF-BERA Routledge Prize for joint development work between schools and universities     

Nabeel M. Albashiry  Joke M. Voogt  Jules M. Pieters 《Curriculum Journal》2013,24(4):601-602

The Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) curriculum requires continuous renewal and constant involvement of stakeholders in the redesign process. Due to a lack of curriculum design expertise, TVET institutions in developing contexts encounter challenges maintaining and advancing the quality and relevance of their programmes to the needs of the labour market. The purpose of this multiple-case study is to describe the potential of teacher collaborative curriculum design (TCCD) in TVET colleges for improving the internal and external consistency of curricula. The study describes how four teams from different TVET college departments redesigned their programmes systematically and relationally to improve their internal and external consistency. The findings indicated that although the teams found the re-design task a challenge, they felt positive about the TCCD experience and its outcomes. The design teams also perceived the consistency of their programmes to have improved. The criticality of the support offered to the teams and the variety of the teams' design work were salient themes captured during the design process. It is concluded that supported TCCD teams, applying a systematic and relational approach, can be an efficient strategy for maintaining the consistency of the TVET curriculum.  相似文献   

PLC理论与市场营销策略     

李连寿 《上海海事大学学报》1996,(4)

ＰＬＣ是市场学中一个重要的理论。本文着重阐述ＰＬＣ理论的内涵、主要内容和作用，分析了发展中国家ＰＬＣ与发达国家所具有的差异性，并根据中国国情，提出ＰＬＣ可划分为５个阶段，同时指出了ＰＬＣ在这５个阶段中的市场营销策略。  相似文献   

过度理由效应在体育教学中的应用     

胡颖 《搏击·武术科学》2009,(1)

文章运用文献资料研究方法,对心理学理论中的过度理由效应及其在体育教学中的应用进行了分析、思考,旨在将这一心理学效应理论充分应用于体育教学当中,以维持良好的教学秩序,培养学生自发从事体育活动的动机,为终身体育奠定心理基础。  相似文献