Influence of Session Context on Physical Activity Levels Among Russian Girls During a Summer Camp     

Justin M. Guagliano  Natalie J. Updyke  Natalia V. Rodicheva  Sara K. Rosenkranz  David A. Dzewaltowski  Chelsey R. Schlechter 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2017,88(3):352-357

Purpose: This study investigated the effect of summer camp session context on Russian girls’ physical activity (PA). Method: Girls (n = 32, M_age = 10.7 years, SD = 0.6 years) from a resident summer camp taking place in the Vologda Region of Russia were exposed to 1 session context/day (i.e., free play, organized with no choice, organized with choice) on Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday for 3 weeks, with the context order counterbalanced across the 3 weeks. The organized session sport/game changed weekly. The primary outcome was accelerometer-assessed PA. Repeated-measures mixed models were used to analyze all outcome data. Results: Findings showed that girls spent a greater percentage of session time (%time) in moderate-to-vigorous PA (p < .001; effect sizes between free play and organized with no choice and organized with choice, respectively = .60, .42) and moderate PA (p < .001; effect size = .57, .39) and a lower %time in light PA (p < .001; effect size = .55, .52) in organized PA contexts compared with free play. Conclusions: This study provides novel findings in a Russian setting, suggesting that a well-planned, organized camp session can elicit higher PA levels in girls, relative to a free-play session.  相似文献   

A grounded theory of positive youth development through sport based on results from a qualitative meta-study     

Nicholas L. Holt  Kacey C. Neely  Linda G. Slater  Martin Camiré  Jean Côté  Jessica Fraser-Thomas 《International review of sport and exercise psychology》2017,10(1):1-49

The overall purpose of this study was to create a model of positive youth development (PYD) through sport grounded in the extant qualitative literature. More specifically, the first objective was to review and evaluate qualitative studies of PYD in sport. The second objective was to analyze and synthesize findings from these studies. Following record identification and screening, 63 articles were retained for analysis. Meta-method analysis revealed strengths of studies were the use of multiple data collection and validity techniques, which produced high-quality data. Weaknesses were limited use of ‘named’ methodologies and inadequate reporting of sampling procedures. Philosophical perspectives were rarely reported, and theory was used sparingly. Results of an inductive meta-data analysis produced three categories: PYD climate (adult relationships, peer relationships, and parental involvement), life skills program focus (life skill building activities and transfer activities), and PYD outcomes (in personal, social, and physical domains). A model that distinguishes between implicit and explicit processes to PYD is presented.  相似文献   

The role of adverse childhood experiences as determinants of non-suicidal self-injury among children and adolescents referred to community and inpatient mental health settings     

《Child abuse & neglect》2017

The objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of, and determine the effect of adverse childhood experiences on non-suicidal self-injury among children and adolescents referred to community and inpatient mental health settings. Data for this study were obtained from the interRAI Child and Youth Mental Health dataset. A total of 2038 children and adolescents aged 8–18 years (M = 12.49; SD = 2.88, 61.1% males) were analyzed. Binary logistic regression was fitted to identify predictors of non-suicidal self-injury as a function of adverse childhood experiences, depression, and social support while simultaneously controlling for age, gender, type of patient, legal guardianship, marital status of parents/caregivers, history of foster family placement, and mental health diagnoses. Of the 2038 children and adolescents examined, 592 (29%) of this clinical sample engaged in non-suicidal self-injury. In the multivariate logistic regression model, children and adolescents who were physically abused had 49% higher odds of engaging in non-suicidal self-injury and children and adolescents who were sexually abused had 60% higher odds of engaging in non-suicidal self-injury, when compared to their non-abused counterparts. Other predictors of non-suicidal self-injury include: older age, female gender, inpatient status, depression, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, disruptive behavior disorder, and mood disorders. Children and adolescents who had some form of social support had a 26% decrease in the odds of engaging in non-suicidal self-injury. Assessment procedures for indicators of mental health, particularly among children and adolescents with a history of adverse childhood experiences, should also take into account non-suicidal self-injury. In addition to bolstering social support networks, addressing depression and related emotion regulation skills in childhood may help prevent future non-suicidal self-injury behaviors.  相似文献   

儿童身体锻炼的心理效应     

肖磊  林泰昌  陈作松 《福建体育科技》2003,22(4):20-22

儿童锻炼的心理效应的研究主要集中在身体锻炼的心理前因、身体锻炼与儿童体能、自尊、应激的关系等方面。大部分的研究表明 ,尽管儿童身体锻炼的动机存在着文化差异 ,但获得愉快感是儿童参加身体锻炼的主要动机之一 ,同时 ,内部动机是儿童坚持身体锻炼的重要因素 ;身体锻炼可能是造成儿童体能存在年龄与性别差异的重要原因 ;合理身体锻炼可以提高儿童的自尊或自尊的某一维度 ;儿童应激反应存在“过度反应模式” ,身体锻炼可以降低儿童不良的应激反应。  相似文献   

语言活动中“创设适宜教学情境，促进幼儿自主学习”的探究     

巫俐群 《临沧师范高等专科学校学报》2007,(1):66-71

文章以行动研究法为主，观察法为辅，探索创设教学情境对幼儿自主学习所起的促进作用。对某幼儿园大一班的40名幼儿在语言活动中自主学习的效果进行评价，结果显示学年初幼儿的自主学习能力弱。针对此问题，研究者采取了在语言活动中“创设适宜教学情境”的行动，并分析了各种情境的策略和实际效果，经过6个月的实践，结果证明：创设适宜教学情境能够提高幼儿自主学习的能力。  相似文献   

美国儿童网络隐私保护概况及其启示     

蒋玲 《四川图书馆学报》2009,(5):77-80

随着计算机和网络技术的发展,接触、使用互联网的少年儿童越来越多。少年儿童的价值观、判断力正处于建立的时期,所以必定会因为网络所呈现的不良内容,带来某些有碍他们健康成长的危险因素,使其身心受到不同程度的负面影响。美国在儿童网络隐私保护方面做了很多工作,文章从法律、网站自律和安全港模式方面分析了美国对儿童网络隐私保护的措施,以期为我国儿童的网络隐私保护提供参考。  相似文献   

幼儿早期阅读现状与策略调查研究     

刘颖 《大众科技》2015,(1)

当前,早期阅读受到了幼儿园(所)、老师、幼儿家长的广泛重视。文章从进行早期阅读的方式出发,以桂林市解放西路幼儿园为例,对中班幼儿静态性阅读和动态性阅读现状进行调查,指出存在的问题、分析原因,并提出解决问题的策略。  相似文献   

“性侵儿童”犯罪的危害及防范对策     

薛俊强 《安阳工学院学报》2015,(3):42-45

性侵儿童犯罪是一种极为恶劣的犯罪行为,近年来,性侵儿童案件呈现高发特点。性侵儿童会对受害儿童个人及家庭造成极大伤害,进而对社会产生一系列负面影响。从受害儿童的生理、心理以及以受害家庭伤害程度为切入点,分析性侵儿童案件发生的原因,能够间接了解侵害者行为人与被侵害者两方面的特点,从而找出有效防范性侵儿童的办法,为多方面控制此类案件的发生制定相应的对策,以期对我国防范性侵儿童犯罪有所裨益。  相似文献   

显性结构视域下威宁县幼儿教育专任教师发展研究     

吴金航  蒋兴旺  赵爱荣 《毕节学院学报》2011,29(11):85-89

通过对收集到的数据分析,发现威宁县幼儿教育专任教师在性别比例、年龄结构、学历水平、职称比例和专业背景等显性结构方面存在严重的问题。解决这些问题的建议有：政府部门应加强对贫困地区幼儿教育的宏观调控,制定＂教育优先区＂政策、采取措施鼓励优秀男教师从事幼儿教育,建立完善的幼儿教师职后培训制度和园际之间教师交流制度,促进幼儿教师的职称晋升。  相似文献   

流动儿童学前教育选择:家庭社会经济背景及迁移状况的影响     

邢芸  胡咏梅 《教育与经济》2015,(3):52-57

流动人口子女入园难问题较为突出。本研究从家庭社会经济背景及迁移状况的视角探讨适龄流动儿童接受学前教育的选择问题。使用CFPS(2010)数据,本研究用Logit模型,估计了不同特征的流动儿童家庭为其子女选择接受学前教育的发生概率。研究发现,农业户籍、跨省迁移的家庭随迁子女入园机会更低;有教育储蓄的家庭,其随迁子女入园机会更高;而父母高学历、与子女同住等因素也会在一定程度上提高流动儿童的入园机会。户籍仍是制约流动儿童入园的关键因素。我们据此明示了相应的政策启示。  相似文献