常识性实践观念——超越亚里士多德和麦金太尔的思路     

马永翔 《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2012,(6):54-63

近年来,随着良品伦理学的强势复兴,亚里士多德和麦金太尔的实践观念在当代道德哲学论域颇受重视且影响广泛。但实际上,他们的实践观念都偏离了人们的常识,从而流于偏狭,其实践价值也要大打折扣。我们需要发展一种常识性的实践观念。属人的良品成于常识性实践,而不是亚里士多德和麦金太尔理解的实践。  相似文献   

自然主义概念的哲学评析     

李伟斌 《河南师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012,(2):11-14

亚里士多德和老子的自然哲学存在以下共同点:承认世界的客观实在性,主张对其经验的而非超验、先验的说明;从原始本性的角度考察人,并认为自然物自有其本性,是自足的;主张人对自然秩序的遵从,并从自然演变的角度解释社会和政治活动的起源.所以,尽管“自然主义”一词在哲学层面上并不具有十分明确的内涵,但对两人自然哲学的研究就为确定自然主义哲学概念的确切含义提供了基础.  相似文献   

Reply to James Muir     

《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(4):455-458

A kind of ‘neo‐Aristotelianism’ that connects educational reasoning and reflection to phronesis, and education itself to praxis, has gained considerable following in recent educational discourse. The author identifies four cardinal claims of this phronesis‐praxis perspective: that a) Aristotle's epistemology and methodology imply a stance that is essentially, with regard to practical philosophy, anti‐method and anti‐theory; b) ‘producing’, under the rubric of techné, as opposed to ‘acting’ under the rubric of phronesis, is an unproblematically codifiable process; c) phronesis must be given a particularist interpretation; and d) teaching is best understood as praxis in the Aristotelian sense, guided by phronesis. The author argues that these claims have insufficient grounding in Aristotle's own writings, and that none of them stands up to scrutiny.  相似文献   

The development of communication apprehension: A retrospective analysis of contributory correlates     

John A. Daly  Gustav Friedrich 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(4):243-255

Although a considerable amount of research demonstrates the powerful effect of oral communication apprehension on social behavior, little research has explored the etiological bases for that anxiety. This research examines the role of parent/home and school variables in predicting the apprehension of college students. Results suggest that the amount of positive reinforcement for communication attempts experienced at home contributes significantly, while general parental affect, negative or punishment responses from parents, and parental competitiveness do not. The grade‐school environment and the perceived amount of error correction present in both grade school and high school were also found to have a significant effect Home and school, when taken together, accounted for significantly more of the apprehension than either one did individually although school effects predominate over home effects.  相似文献   

亚里士多德的哲学思想及其历史地位     

梁景时 《通化师范学院学报》2010,31(5):20-27

亚里士多德是古希腊哲学的集大成者,举世公认的历史上第一位百科全书式的思想家。他不仅是哲学大师,而且是逻辑学、心理学、生物学、伦理学、政治学等多个学科领域的奠基者或重要创始人。作为古希腊哲学的集大成者,他不仅总结了以前所有哲学家的思想,还澄清了他们的混乱,并且把自然哲学和本体论紧密结合在一起,从而代表了希腊哲学的最高水平。正因为他是古希腊哲学的集大成者,故后人对他的哲学立场派别归属问题,众说纷纭,不一而衷。亚里士多德在哲学方面的主要代表作是《形而上学》、《物理学》、和《论灵魂》。在他的诸多哲学著作中,详细地阐述了他的基本哲学思想。从古代希腊哲学的发展史看,进而从全部西方哲学史来看,亚里士多德是一位承上启下的哲学家。他的思想吸引了西方众多学者的探索。马克思曾称亚里士多德是古希腊哲学家中最博学的人物,恩格斯称他是古代的黑格尔。  相似文献   

《尼各马科伦理学》中"三"的运用     

坚毅 《济宁师范专科学校学报》2005,26(1):29-32

亚里士多德的哲学观点是三分法，倡导中道哲学。他在《尼各马科伦理学》中广泛地运用了三分法：三部曲、三类型、三部分、三因素、三要素，以及由中道、中介、中和分别与对立两极构成的三极鼎立。我们应该认真学习、研究和继承亚里士多德的哲学观点。  相似文献   

Aquinas’ Theory of Happiness and its Greek,Byzantine, Latin and Arabic Sources     

Antonio Donato 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2006,18(2):161-189

Scholars have traditionally considered Aquinas’ theory of happiness as fundamentally Aristotelian. However, this interpretation does not seem an adequate characterization of Aquinas’ doctrine that appears as the result of the influence of several traditions. In interpreting Aristotle, Aquinas is influenced by two Byzantine Neoplatonic commentators of Aristotle – namely, Eustratius and Michael of Ephesus. In developing his theory, Aquinas tries to harmonize the Aristotelian perspective with Latin Neoplatonic notion of perfect happiness, put forward by Augustine, and both the Greek theory of the human intellect proposed by Pseudo-Dionysius and the Arabic doctrine of the human soul, expressed by the Liber De Causis. The Sententia libri Ethicorum provides the best opportunity to trace how Aquinas’ doctrine arises out of a dialogue between these different traditions.  相似文献   

浅析亚里士多德的中庸伦理观     

宋治平 《玉溪师范学院学报》2005,21(11):40-42

亚里士多德是古希腊中庸思想的集大成者。在他的伦理思想里,中庸居于核心的地位,是最高的善。中庸不是折衷主义,它只在德性的意义上使用。亚里士多德所说的“道德”以“善”字来论是指人的情感和行为的中庸状态,亦即至善。中庸以适度为原则,它不容易达到,必须依靠人的理性不断地去追求。  相似文献   

Smoothing It: Some Aristotelian misgivings about the phronesis-praxis perspective on education     

Kristján  Kristjánsson 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2005,37(4):455-473

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苏格拉底、柏拉图、亚里士多德与丑     

区翰子  李佳 《武汉工程职业技术学院学报》2014,(3):81-83

尽管从苏格拉底开始就萌生"丑"这个美学范畴,其在古代一直处于被忽视和非独立的地位。拟通过分析苏格拉底、柏拉图和亚里士多德三位巨匠的"丑"观,揭示"审丑"在萌芽时期的状态。  相似文献