“Fear God; Fear the Bogaze”: The Nile Mouths and the Navigational Landscape of the Medieval Nile Delta,Egypt     

John P. Cooper 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2012,24(1):53-73

By the fourth/tenth century, Egypt's Nile Delta had just two major Delta branches debouching directly into the Mediterranean – the Dumyā? (Damietta) and Rashīd (Rosetta). Navigational conditions at these branches’ mouths were treacherous because of a combination of currents, winds, wave-fields and shifting sandbanks. These conditions were a danger to shipping, and so had a formative effect on the navigational landscape of the Delta. Despite its remoteness from the Nile, Alexandria remained Egypt's chief Mediterranean port, but only because river connections were maintained that avoided the Rashīd mouth. In contrast, the port of Rashīd was relatively insignificant. Similar conditions at the Dumyā? mouth prompted navigators to adopt routes via Lake Tinnīs, modern Lake Manzala, which linked to the sea through its calmer sea mouths. This article brings together material from multiple disciplines to offer a new understanding of the navigational context of Egypt's medieval Mediterranean ports.  相似文献   

The Will to Be Unveiled: Sufi Autobiographies in Classical Sufism     

Arin Salamah-Qudsi 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2012,24(2):199-207

While autobiography as a special genre increasingly occupies an important position in modern scholarship, independent Sufi autobiographies still require additional and detailed examination. The current paper seeks to examine two spiritual autobiographies known very well in the history of Sufism: Al-?akīm al-Tirmidhī's Bad? sha?n, and Rūzbihān al-Baqlī's Kashf al-asrār. References to these works in modern research do not go beyond the assumption that they may represent visionary autobiographies, dreams, and mystical, extraordinary experiences and states. In the framework of this paper, we consider it essential to regard both texts as serious indicators of different realities, contexts, and mystic discourses.  相似文献   

Islamic Historians of the Ayyūbid Era and Muslim Rulers from the Early Crusading Period: A Study in the Use of History     

Alex Mallett 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2012,24(3):241-252

This article examines the presentation of Muslim rulers from the early crusading period, 490–540/1097–1146 in six of the main chronicles written during the first half of the seventh/thirteenth century. It discusses the themes, ideas and topoi in each, demonstrating that the historians appear to have been divided into two ‘camps’ over their presentation of these rulers, based on their personal views of the rulers of their time. The article also examines why this division may have occurred, and considers its ramifications for modern scholarship of Arabic historiography, Islamic history and the history of the Crusades, in both the sixth/twelfth and seventh/thirteenth centuries.  相似文献   

Fiḍḍa l-Nūbiyya: The Woman and her Role in Early Shīՙite History     

Khalid A. Sindawi 《Al-Masaq: Islam & the Medieval Mediterranean》2009,21(3):269-287

The purpose of the present study is to analyse the role played by an important female figure in early Shī?ite history. The person in question is Fi[ddot][ddot]a l-Nūbiyya, the servant-girl of Fā ?ima, the Prophet's daughter. After a long period of neglect by scholars, who have focused on what to their mind were figures of greater import, we shall here attempt to describe the role played by Fi[ddot][ddot]a in early Shī?ite history by way of analysing her biography and her close relations with Fā ?ima and members of the latter's family (?Alī, [Hdot]asan and [Hdot]usayn). We shall further describe what has been reported of Fi[ddot][ddot]a's personality, her family, her admiration for the Prophet's family, Qur?ānic verses which supposedly mention her, and the great respect in which she was held by Fā ?ima's family.  相似文献   

第13届世界男子篮球锦标赛技术统计与分析   总被引：25，自引：5，他引：20  

岳冀阳 《广州体育学院学报》1999,(1)

对第 1 3届世界男子篮球锦标赛的观察和对 1 6支劲旅的各项技术统计与分析 ,结果显示 :当前世界男子篮球运动依然是以欧美为代表 ,其特点是强对抗 ,进攻以高、快、灵、准相结合 ;防守积极、凶狠、压迫。旨为提高我国男子篮球运动水平提供理论依据  相似文献   

篮球中锋身体对抗能力的比较分析   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

信晓宁 《广州体育学院学报》1999,(1)

以比较法对篮球中锦身体形态、身体素质、攻防技术及其心理等多角度分析其对抗能力 ,认为中锋在良好身体形态的基础上 ,必须具备超常的身体素质、娴熟的攻防技术和良好的心理素质 ,善于巧对抗 ,才能激烈比赛中处于不败之地  相似文献   

Stability and change as reflected in teachers' educational fantasies     

Dorit Tubin 《International Studies in Sociology of Education》2013,23(3):217-234

The article aims to reveal teachers' dispositions concerning stability and change in the field of schooling and to suggest some possible connection to the social space. Forty teachers who attended a principals' training course were asked to write educational fantasies regarding their 'dream school'. A content analysis of the fantasies showed similarities, such as: respecting student diversity, core curriculum and subjects of choice, a variety of teaching methods and a rich physical environment, and differences regarding: time and space configuration, classroom size and the schoolyard and recreation area. Most (75%) of the desired models view the school as preparing the student for society, while 25% perceive it as a place for the fulfilment of students' potential. The conclusion is that educational reforms are likely to succeed if they follow the trend toward more diversity, choice and pluralism, but at the same time respect the areas of difference. Further research is needed to elaborate on the educational fantasy as a research tool.  相似文献   

Using inquiry-based instruction to encourage teachers' historical thinking at historic sites     

《Teaching and Teacher Education》2013

This study explores the use of inquiry-based instruction for constructing historical understanding in historic site-based teacher professional development programs. In an historic site-based professional development workshop, fifteen teachers of grades 5 through 12 engaged in guided inquiry with documents drawn from said historic site. Participants showed significantly increased curiosity about the site and use of problem-solving strategies in interactions with the site and staff, but no improvement in other elements related to historical thinking at historic sites. Improvements correlated to neither length of teaching experience nor testing group characteristics, indicating broad applicability for improving historic site-based professional development programs.  相似文献   

Imagen especular e imagen antiespecular     

René Zazzo 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(6):77-82

RESUMEN

Para afirmarse como sujeto el niño debe ser capaz de percibirse como objeto. El reconocimiento del otro precede a la identificación de sí mismo. La imagen de sí mismo en el espejo se identifica antes de que el niño se reconozca en foto o en filme. Hacia los 2,5 años se produce este reconocimiento en foto o en filme sin ambigüedad, mientras que la identificación de la imagen especular continúa siendo “frágil”, posiblemente debido a la perplejidad o incertidumbre que suscita. A partir de la observación de las reacciones de niños ante un espejo y en un video de sí mismos, se investiga cómo y cuándo el niño construye su propia imagen. Hasta el tercer año de vida, la reacción del niño ante la imagen especular es como si viera a otro niño, dándose intercambios sociales. La reacción de perplejidad desaparece cuando se consigue la plena apropiación de la imagen.  相似文献   

Psicología Evolucionista del Desarrollo: contemplando la ontogénesis humana desde los ojos del evolucionismo     

《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(3):267-285

Resumen

La influencia de la teoría evolucionista en la ciencia y el pensamiento humano ha sido constante desde que fuera formulada por primera vez a mediados del siglo XIX, y la psicología no ha sido inmune a dicha influencia. Sin embargo, la mayor parte de los enfoques evolucionistas se han centrado tradicionalmente en el estudio del comportamiento adulto, obviando los procesos ontogenéticos del comportamiento. En este artículo, se presenta una nueva aproximación al estudio evolucionista del comportamiento, llamada Psicología Evolucionista del Desarrollo (PED), que se ocupa de los sistemas psicológicos que son objeto de desarrollo humano. Básicamente, la PED propone un modelo evolutivo de cómo los mecanismos psicológicos evolucionados se acaban expresando, y asume que la selección natural darwiniana actúa sobre los organismos inmaduros no sólo en términos de ejercitación de adaptaciones para la vida adulta (adaptaciones diferidas), sino también sobre comportamientos que están especialmente bien adaptados para un determinado período evolutivo (adaptaciones ontogenéticas). En este sentido, creemos que la PED puede servir simultáneamente como una metateoría de corte evolucionista para la psicología evolutiva contemporánea, y como una fuente potencialmenterica de hipótesis, investigaciones e interpretaciones sobre cuestiones evolutivas  相似文献