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21.
慢性肾脏疾病是复杂的威胁公共健康的疾病。慢性肾病与高致死率、高发病率、高治疗费用相关。肾脏纤维化是肾脏慢性病变的病理形态表现,是指在各种致病因子如炎性因子,机械性损伤,药物等导致的细胞外基质（extracellarmatrix。ECM）合成增多降解减少,肾小球基底膜增厚,最终影响肾脏功能。目前关于慢性肾病的研究重要集中在药物筛选方面,而运动是否能改善慢性肾脏疾病的研究较少。本文通过文献资料法与逻辑推理相结合的方法总结运动与慢性肾脏疾病的研究,总结指出：1适当的运动通过减弱肾脏病变引起的纤维化程度,改善慢性肾脏疾病。2运动可以通过调解TGF-β1／Smad信号通路改善慢性肾脏疾病 相似文献
22.
目的:探讨先天畸形胎儿肾脏的解剖及组织学结构特征和不同畸形与肾脏的发育关系。方法:应用形态学方法,对先天性畸形胎儿肾脏进行解剖、观察,并制成组织切片,在光学显微镜下观察其组织学结构。结果:三类10例先天性畸形胎儿中,并、缺指畸形和联体畸形胎儿肾脏的大体形态和组织学观察无明显差异,无脑畸形胎儿肾组织结构发育不全。结论:不同先天畸形对胎儿肾脏发育影响不一。 相似文献
23.
Pragna Rao G. C. Reddy A. S. Kanagasabapathy 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(3):209-217
Chronic kidney disease is becoming a major health problem globally and in India an alarming number of about 8 million people
are suffering from this disease. Patients undergoing hemodialysis have a high prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition and
inflammation. As these two conditions often occur concomitantly in hemodialysis patients, they have been referred together
as ‘malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis syndrome’ to emphasize the important association with atherosclerotic cardiovascular
disease. The three factors related to the pathophysiology in these patients are dialysis related nutrient loss, increased
protein catabolism and hypoalbuminemia. Inflammation in Chronic Kidney disease is the most important factor in the genesis
of several complications in renal disease. Pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-1 and TNF-alpha play a major role in the onset
of metabolic alterations in Chronic Kidney disease patients. Atherosclerosis is a very frequent complication in uremia due
to the coexistence of hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, inflammation, malnutrition and increased oxidative stress, generation
of advanced glycation end products, advanced oxidation protein products, hyperlipidemia and altered structural and functional
ability of HDL. LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein (A), apolipoprotein (B), and Lp(a) are also associated with atherosclerosis.
Studies have now provided enormous data to enable the evaluation of the severity of malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis
syndrome as well as effective monitoring of these patients. 相似文献
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25.
Sheng-chun DANG Yan-hua ZENG Ping-jiang WANG Bao-ding CHEN Rong-fang CHEN Arun KUMAR SINGH Pankaj KUMAR Shu FENG Lei CUI Hao WANG Jian-xin ZHANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(6):556-565
Background and objective
It has been shown that macrophages play an important role in the development of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), and eventually lead to multiple organ failure (MOF). Clodronate-liposome selectively depleted macrophages. This study was to investigate the role of renal macrophage infiltration in acute renal injury in rats with SAP and to evaluate the potential of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis.Methods
Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by chemical coprecipitation. SPIO-liposomes and SPIO-clodronate-liposomes were prepared by the thin film method. SAP models were prepared by injection of sodium taurocholate into the subcapsular space of rat pancreas. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group, SAP plus SPIO-liposome (P) group, and SAP plus SPIO-clodronate-containing liposome (T) group. Kidney injury was evaluated by T2-weighted MRI scan. The levels of serum amylase (SAM), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and serum creatinine (SCr) were measured by an automated enzymatic method. Serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Pathological changes in the pancreas and kidney were observed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, while cell apoptosis was detected with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. In addition, the macrophage markers (CD68) of the renal tissue were detected with immunohistochemistry.Results
The pathological changes in the pancreas and kidneys of rats in the T group were milder than those in the P group. The MRI signal intensity of the kidneys in the P and T groups was significantly lower than that in the control group. There were significant changes in the two experimental groups (P<0.01). The levels of SAM, Bun, SCr, and TNF-α in rats in the P group were higher than those in the control group (P<0.01) and in the T group (P<0.01). The apoptosis of the kidney in the T group was higher than that in the P group at 2 and 6 h (P<0.01).Conclusions
Clodronate-containing liposomes protected against renal injury in SAP rats, and SPIO can be used as a tracer for MRI examination to detect renal injury in SAP rats. SPIO-aided MRI provided an efficient non-invasive way to monitor the migration of macrophages after renal injury in rats with SAP. 相似文献26.
采用文献法,对运动导致肾脏形态结构和功能改变相关研究进行了全面梳理,研究认为,目前这方面的研究存在以下问题：（1）多数研究之间相对独立,研究成果较分散;（2）定性研究多,定量研究缺乏;（3）动物实验研究多,人体实验研究缺乏。因此,现有研究成果在运动导致肾脏损伤中的切实运用,还需进一步全面、系统、定量的深入开展研究。 相似文献