关于中医医师情报吸收机理的研究     

王志强  李霞 《现代情报》2003,23(3):18-20

文章运用了中医学理论和情报学理论结合心理学和思维学理论，从感知、注意、思维等层面。对中医医生情报吸收机理进行了初步探讨和研究。  相似文献   

影响大学生心理健康成长的因素分析     

张贞梅  侯宁 《中国科技信息》2007,(12):264-265,267

随着社会的发展,当代大学生思想活跃,但是心理问题也日趋严重。本文从学生产生心理问题的主要表现,分析了这类问题存在的主要原因。根据产生原因,提出了帮助大学生克服心理障碍的几点建议。  相似文献   

粤港澳大湾区科技创新的优势与短板——基于多源数据的世界四大湾区对比研究     

杨道玲  邢玉冠  李祥丽 《科技管理研究》2020,40(10):105-111

为客观了解粤港澳大湾区在科技创新中的领先优势和存在的短板,助力国际科技创新中心建设,从科技创新的基础、环境、主体、人才、投入和产出等关键要素入手,通过人口、经济、企业注册、专利、论文等多源数据对比,研究粤港澳大湾区与纽约湾区、旧金山湾区、东京湾区科技创新发展情况。分析认为粤港澳大湾区科技创新发展势头强劲、增速明显,拥有在科技创新方面比肩甚至赶超世界一流湾区的巨大潜力,但同时也发现其中科技创新主体、人才、投入、产出等关键创新要素方面的短板愈发凸显,成为粤港澳大湾区打造具有全球影响力的国际科技创新中心的重要障碍。对此,建议从推动协同创新、夯实人才基础、加强研发投入、发挥龙头企业带动作用等方面着手,全面提升粤港澳大湾区科技创新的国际影响力、竞争力。  相似文献   

A new age for child protection--General Comment 13: why it is important, how it was constructed, and what it intends?     

Hart SN  Lee Y  Wernham M 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(12):970-978

Children continue to be subjected to high levels of violence (i.e., physical, psychological and sexual maltreatment) throughout the world. International concern about violence against children has increased significantly during the last decade. A Study on Violence Against Children, encouraged by the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child, conducted under the auspices of the United Nations Secretary General and reported in 2006, has become a rallying call to improve child protection. Child protection practices and systems have been judged to be generally inadequate and, in some cases, destructive. It is widely recognized that business as usual—more of the same—will not do. A General Comment (guide to fulfilling obligations) for Article 19, the central conceptualization of child protection of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, has the potential to promote a worldwide reformulation of child protection priorities, policies, and practices by virtue of the infusion of a child rights approach. It can be a mechanism for framing and promoting the transformational change needed – for a genuine paradigm shift. Here, explication is given for the historical context, rationale, centrality of child rights, process of development, holistic nature, and primary elements of General Comment 13 (GC13): The child's right to freedom from all forms of violence. GC13 embodies and champions a child rights approach to child protection entailing strong support for proactive primary prevention, promotion of good child care, and a commitment to secure the rights and well-being of all children. A child rights-based, comprehensive coordinating framework is recommended for the implementation of GC13.  相似文献   

Trajectories of maternal verbal aggression across the middle school years: associations with negative view of self and social problems     

Donovan KL  Brassard MR 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(10):814-830

Objective

The primary research objective was to explore the relationship between trajectories of maternal verbal aggression (VA) experienced by low-income, community middle school students across a three-year period and outcomes that have been found to be related to VA in previous work, including a negative view of self and social problems.

Method

Longitudinal data were collected from 421 youth (51.8% male) attending two middle schools over 3 years using a multiple-informant survey design. K-means cluster analysis was used to identify trajectories of VA using youth ratings of the Conflict Tactics Scale: Parent-Child (Straus, Hamby, Finkelhor, Moore, & Runyan, 1998). Dependent variables were self-reported depression, self-esteem, delinquency, and peer victimization as well as peer-rated aggression and sensitive-isolated reputation.

Results

Four trajectory groups of VA were identified: Low Stable, Increasing, Decreasing, and High Stable. The 3-year average occurrence of VA was: 1.31, 9.18, 10.24, and 31.14 instances, respectively. Gender-specific MANOVAs revealed dramatic differences between the High Stable and Low Stable groups. High Stable boys reported significantly more depressive symptoms, delinquency, peer overt and relational victimization, and were less likely to have a sensitive/isolated reputation than Low Stable boys. High Stable girls reported significantly more depressive symptoms, low self-esteem, delinquency, peer overt and relational victimization and were rated by peers as having more aggressive/disruptive and relationally aggressive reputations than Low Stable girls. Girls in the High Stable group were more likely than other youth to report levels of depressive symptoms and delinquency >1 SD above the mean, while boys in the High Stable group were more likely to report levels of delinquency >1 SD above the mean. The Increasing and Decreasing groups also demonstrated significantly poorer functioning than the Low Stable group on most outcomes. Growth curve analysis revealed that VA showed a contemporaneous association with self-reported delinquency suggesting these factors are closely related.

Conclusions

Any level of VA greater than the 1–2 instances per year reported by youth in the Low Stable group was associated with less favorable outcomes.  相似文献   

How to deal with emotional abuse and neglect: further development of a conceptual framework (FRAMEA)     

Glaser D 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(10):866-875

Objective

To develop further the understanding of emotional abuse and neglect.

Methods

Building on previous work, this paper describes the further development of a conceptual framework for the recognition and management of emotional abuse and neglect. Training in this framework is currently being evaluated. The paper also briefly reviews more recent work on aspects of the definition, harm caused by emotional abuse and neglect and threshold.

Results

The paper arrives at a working definition as ‘persistent, non-physical, harmful interactions with the child by the caregiver, which include both commission and omission.’ There are many forms of harmful caregiver-child interactions, which can be placed in five categories, each category reflecting the fulfillment of one of the child's basic psycho-social needs and requiring a different therapeutic approach for its alleviation. The caregiver-child relationship is embedded within a psycho-social context. It is suggested that greater clarity can be gained about the child and family when information is sorted into the appropriate tiers of concerns: Tier 0 – Social & environmental factors, Tier I – Caregiver risk factors, Tier II – Caregiver-child interactions and Tier III – Child's functioning. It is further suggested that while intervention is required, this is directed towards protection, rather than providing immediate protection of the child. The work takes the form of a time-limited trial of therapeutic work to gauge the capacity of the caregivers to change. This initial work focuses Tiers 0–II. Statutory steps might be required in order to encourage the caregivers to engage. If insufficient progress is achieved, active child protection may be required which might include placing the child in an alternative family. However, some, usually older, children will remain in the emotionally abusive environment and they will require ongoing help and support.

Conclusion

While a greater understanding of emotional abuse and neglect is now possible, further evaluation of the utility of this framework is suggested.  相似文献   

Differential effects of psychological maltreatment on children of mothers exposed to intimate partner violence     

de la Vega A  de la Osa N  Ezpeleta L  Granero R  Domènech JM 《Child abuse & neglect》2011,35(7):524-531

Objective

Psychological maltreatment (PM) is the most prevalent form of child abuse, and is the core component of most of what is considered as child maltreatment. The aim of this work was to explore differential adverse outcomes of the different types of PM in the mental health and functioning of children living in homes in which they are exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV).

Method

Participants were 168 children, aged between 4 and 17, whose mothers experienced IPV. They were assessed using different measures of psychopathology and functioning: Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-IV, Child Behavior Checklists and Child and Adolescent Functioning Assessment Scale. Furthermore, IPV was assessed with the Schedule for Assessment of Intimate Partner Violence Exposure in Children and the Index of Spouse Abuse. Statistical analyses were carried out with regression models adjusted by means of Generalized Estimating Equations.

Results

Spurning was the PM subtype with the greatest global effect on the children, as it was significantly associated with internalizing and externalizing problems. Denying emotional responsiveness specifically increased the risk of internalizing psychopathology and impairment in the emotional area. Terrorizing was not significantly associated with a greater number of negative outcomes in children's psychopathology or functioning in this population.

Implications

The results suggest the importance of taking PM types into account in order to fully understand the problems of children exposed to IPV at home, and for the design of effective treatment and prevention programs.  相似文献   

户外拓展在应用型高校心理素质教育中开展的前景展望     

吴枝兵 《安徽科技学院学报》2011,25(4):108-110

对高校心理素质教育现状进行研究后发现,现有的心理素质教育模式比较陈旧,学生所学知识、技能多停留在理论层面,不能发挥其实际效用;解决这一问题,急需探寻一条心理素质教育的新路径;户外拓展是一种新兴的、体验式的人才培训方式,从其内容、形式以及开展的功能来看,非常适合学生心理素质的培养;目前,在高校领域内开展户外拓展训练和研究的还为数不多,其应用前景十分广阔;应用型高校应当结合自身的实际情况,适当开展户外素质拓展训练,以增强学生心理素质。  相似文献   

试论考研大学生的心理顾虑及调试策略     

程斌  秦红霞 《安徽科技学院学报》2011,25(4):111-113

随着我国高等教育的发展和就业形势的日益严峻,越来越多的大学生加入了考研大军。但是,面对考研,很多学生难以下定决心,有的虽然决定考研,也存在诸多心理顾虑。本文对考研大学生存在的心理顾虑及其产生原因进行了剖析,并提出了积极的调试策略,以帮助大学生走出顾虑,坚定考研信心。  相似文献   

广西中小学生心理与行为问题调查及体育干预对策研究*     

余文军  黄〓茗  韦金色 《广州体育学院学报》2018,(3):75-80

通过问卷调查法、访谈法、数据分析法全面调查当前广西中小学生主要的心理及行为问题,探寻各年龄段中小学生存在厌学、注意力不专注、多动、沉迷网络游戏、早恋、逆反、考试压力等主要问题发生的规律;立足广西中小学生心理健康教育所面临的机制、经费、课程、活动、条件等发展瓶颈,研究通过健全体机制、加强心理健康教育以及体育教学、游戏、运动竞赛活动等手段进行干预,应用体育运动项目的多样性解决多种心理和行为问题,促进学生身心健康发展。  相似文献